Reply: Nodal yield and topography of nodal metastases from oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma – An audit of 1004 cases undergoing primary surgical resection

Squamous cell carcinoma of oral cavity (OCSCC) accounts for approximately 25% of cases of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Tobacco and alcohol consumption are the main risk factors for both cancers. Surgical resection, combined with adjuvant radiotherapy or radiochemotherapy in patients with high risk of relapse, is the key element in management in the initial stages. However, despite the availability of aggressive multidisciplinary treatments, advanced resectable OCSCC carries poor prognosis; only half of the patients are disease-free 5 years after the surgery. Immunotherapy based on the use of immune checkpoint inhibitors has been proven to be effective in a wide variety of tumours, including recurrent and metastatic HNSCC. These positive results resulted in investigations into its effectiveness in earlier stages of the disease with OCSCC emerging as an interesting research model because of the accessible location of the tumours. This article reviews the potential advantages of emerging immunotherapeutic agents [mainly monoclonal antibodies against programmed cell death-1 ( PD-1) immune checkpoint inhibitors] as neoadjuvant treatment for OCSCC at locoregional stages as well as the ongoing clinical trials, challenges in evaluating tumour response, and possible predictive biomarkers of response with highlights regarding the role of oral microbiota as modulators of immune response. The efficacy and safety of anti- PD-1 drugs in these patients have been proven in preliminary trials. If there is a decrease in the relapse rate and an improvement in the overall survival after surgical resection in ongoing trials, preoperative immunotherapy may be established as a treatment option for patients with early stages of the disease.

Download Full-text

Do demographics and tumour-related factors affect nodal yield at neck dissection? A retrospective cohort study

The Journal of Laryngology & Otology ◽

10.1017/s0022215116009208 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 131 (S1) ◽

pp. S36-S40 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

R S Lim ◽

L Evans ◽

A P George ◽

N de Alwis ◽

P Stimpson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽

Confidence Interval ◽

Oral Cavity ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Head And Neck ◽

Neck Dissection ◽

Squamous Cell ◽

Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽

Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽

Nodal Yield

AbstractBackground:Nodal metastasis is an important prognostic factor in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. This study aimed to determine the average nodal basin yield per level of neck dissection, and to investigate if age, gender, body mass index, tumour size, depth of tumour invasion and p16 status influence nodal yield.Method:A retrospective review of 185 patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma generated 240 neck dissection specimens.Results:The respective mean nodal yields for levels I, II, III, IV and V were 5.27, 9.43, 8.49, 7.43 and 9.02 in non-cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma patients, and 4.2, 7.57, 9.65, 4.33 and 12.29 in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma patients. Multiple regression analysis revealed that p16-positive patients with mucosal squamous cell carcinoma yielded, on average, 2.4 more nodes than their p16-negative peers (p = 0.04, 95 per cent confidence interval = 0.116 to 4.693). This figure was 3.84 (p = 0.008, 95 per cent confidence interval = 1.070 to 6.605) for p16-positive patients with oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma.Conclusion:In mucosal squamous cell carcinoma, p16-positive status significantly influenced nodal yield, with the impact being more pronounced in oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma patients.

Download Full-text

Plasticity of PD-L1 expression between nodal metastases and primary tumors in p16 negative squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity

Annals of Oncology ◽

10.1093/annonc/mdx430.003 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 28 ◽

pp. vi73-vi74

Author(s):

C. Patriarca ◽

C. Gervasoni ◽

A. d’Aiuto ◽

R. Roselli ◽

G. Petracco ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽

Oral Cavity ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Squamous Cell ◽

Nodal Metastases ◽

Primary Tumors

Download Full-text

MMP-responsive in situ forming hydrogel loaded with doxorubicin-encapsulated biodegradable micelles for local chemotherapy of oral squamous cell carcinoma

RSC Advances ◽

10.1039/c9ra04343h ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (54) ◽

pp. 31264-31273 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Wei Li ◽

Cheng Tao ◽

Jiexin Wang ◽

Yuan Le ◽

Jianjun Zhang

Keyword(s):

Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽

Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽

Oral Cavity ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Surgical Resection ◽

Squamous Cell ◽

Local Chemotherapy ◽

In Situ Forming ◽

Complex Construction

The complex construction within the oral cavity causes incomplete surgical resection of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) that may enhance the risk of recurrence and metastasis in the treatment.

Download Full-text