Promoting an Emergency Action Plan for Sudden Cardiac Arrest in Youth Sports During a Pandemic

Context: Sudden cardiac arrest is the leading cause of death in young athletes. The purpose of this review is to summarize the role of automated external defibrillators and emergency planning for sudden cardiac arrest in the athletic setting. Evidence Acquisition: Relevant studies on automated external defibrillators, early defibrillation, and public-access defibrillation programs were reviewed. Recommendations from consensus guidelines and position statements applicable to automated external defibrillators in athletics were also considered. Results: Early defibrillation programs involving access to automated external defibrillators by targeted local responders have demonstrated a survival benefit for sudden cardiac arrest in many public and athletic settings. Conclusion: Schools and organizations sponsoring athletic programs should implement automated external defibrillators as part of a comprehensive emergency action plan for sudden cardiac arrest. In a collapsed and unresponsive athlete, sudden cardiac arrest should be suspected and an automated external defibrillator applied as soon as possible, as decreasing the time interval to defibrillation is the most important priority to improve survival in sudden cardiac arrest.

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High School Automated External Defibrillator Programs as Markers of Emergency Preparedness for Sudden Cardiac Arrest

Journal of Athletic Training ◽

10.4085/1062-6050-48.1.20 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 48 (2) ◽

pp. 242-247 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Brett G. Toresdahl ◽

Kimberly G. Harmon ◽

Jonathan A. Drezner

Keyword(s):

High School ◽

Cardiac Arrest ◽

High Schools ◽

Emergency Preparedness ◽

Action Plan ◽

Sudden Cardiac Arrest ◽

Emergency Planning ◽

Automated External Defibrillator ◽

School Based ◽

External Defibrillator

Context: School-based automated external defibrillator (AED) programs have demonstrated a high survival rate for individuals suffering sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) in US high schools. Objective: To examine the relationship between high schools having an AED on campus and other measures of emergency preparedness for SCA. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: United States high schools, December 2006 to September 2009. Patients or Other Participants: Principals, athletic directors, school nurses, and certified athletic trainers represented 3371 high schools. Main Outcome Measure(s): Comprehensive surveys on emergency planning for SCA submitted by high school representatives to the National Registry for AED Use in Sports from December 2006 to September 2009. Schools with and without AEDs were compared to assess other elements of emergency preparedness for SCA. Results: A total of 2784 schools (82.6%) reported having 1 or more AEDs on campus, with an average of 2.8 AEDs per school; 587 schools (17.4%) had no AEDs. Schools with an enrollment of more than 500 students were more likely to have an AED (relative risk [RR] = 1.12, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.08, 1.16, P < .01). Suburban schools were more likely to have an AED than were rural (RR = 1.08, 95% CI = 1.04, 1.11, P < .01), urban (RR = 1.13, 95% CI = 1.04, 1.16, P < .01), or inner-city schools (RR = 1.10, 95% CI = 1.04, 1.23, P < .01). Schools with 1 or more AEDs were more likely to ensure access to early defibrillation (RR = 3.45, 95% CI = 2.97, 3.99, P < .01), establish an emergency action plan for SCA (RR = 1.83, 95% CI = 1.67, 2.00, P < .01), review the emergency action plan at least annually (RR = 1.99, 95% CI = 1.58, 2.50, P < .01), consult emergency medical services to develop the emergency action plan (RR = 1.18, 95% CI = 1.05, 1.32, P < .01), and establish a communication system to activate emergency responders (RR = 1.06, 95% CI = 1.01, 1.08, P < .01). Conclusions: High schools with AED programs were more likely to establish a comprehensive emergency response plan for SCA. Implementing school-based AED programs is a key step associated with emergency planning for young athletes with SCA.

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TATALAKSANA HENTI JANTUNG DI LAPANGAN PERMAINAN

Jorpres (Jurnal Olahraga Prestasi) ◽

10.21831/jorpres.v13i2.25107 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 139-151

Author(s):

Putra Rizki ◽

Nani Cahyani

Keyword(s):

Cardiac Arrest ◽

Medical Management ◽

Cardiac Death ◽

Causes Of Death ◽

Action Plan ◽

Sudden Cardiac Arrest ◽

Correct Treatment ◽

Common Cause ◽

Chain Of Survival ◽

Early Preparation

Cardiac arrest is the most common cause of sudden death in athletes on the field of play. There are reports of cardiac arrest in athletes 1: 4000 to 1: 8000.Cardiac and non-cardiac causes have been implicated as a causes of death in the field of play. Pre-Participation Evaluation (PPE) has been recommended for primary prevention of cardiac arrest in athletes due to cardiac problems. Prevention of sudden cardiac death on the field of the play should be done by immediate, precise and correct treatment. Immediate, precise and correct treatment can be provided if medical management is well performed before and during the event. Medical management in sudden cardiac arrest treatment on the field of play consists of early preparation, emergency action plan, preparing equipment, personnel, training, communication, transportation and final preparation. An ideal treatment includes elements of the chain of survival from sudden cardiac arrest.ABSTRAK Henti jantung adalah penyebab kematian mendadak terbanyak pada atlet di lapangan permainan. Terdapat laporan kejadian henti jantung pada atlet 1:4000 sampai 1:8000. Penyebab kematian akibat henti jantung di lapangan permainan bisa karena masalah jantung dan masalah selain jantung. Untuk pencegahan primer terjadinya henti jantung pada atlet di lapangan permainan yang disebabkan masalah jantung direkomendasikan melakukan Pre-Participation Evaluation (PPE). Untuk pencegahan terjadinya kematian akibat henti jantung di lapangan permainan harus dilakukan tatalaksana yang cepat, tepat dan benar. Tatalaksana yang cepat, tepat dan benar dapat diberikan jika manajemen medis dilakukan dengan baik sebelum dan saat event berlangsung. Manajemen medis dalam tatalaksana henti jantung di lapangan permainan terdiri dari persiapan awal, rencana kegawatdaruratan, mempersiapkan peralatan, personel, pelatihan, komunikasi, transportasi dan persiapan akhir. Tatalaksana di lapangan permainan yang ideal mencakup elemen rantai keselamatan pada henti jantung. Kata kunci: henti jantung, lapangan permainan, manajemen medis, penanganan SCA

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Design and Implementation of an Emergency Action Plan for Sudden Cardiac Arrest in Sport

Journal of Cardiovascular Translational Research ◽

10.1007/s12265-020-09988-1 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (3) ◽

pp. 331-338 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Henry F. Pelto ◽

Jonathan A. Drezner

Keyword(s):

Cardiac Arrest ◽

Action Plan ◽

Sudden Cardiac Arrest ◽

Design And Implementation

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Exploring the volunteer first aider’s experience post-resuscitation

Australasian Journal of Paramedicine ◽

10.33151/ajp.4.3.380 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 4 (3) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Jamie Ranse ◽

Brandon Burke

Keyword(s):

Cardiac Arrest ◽

Focus Group ◽

Health Care Professionals ◽

Critical Incident ◽

Service Providers ◽

Action Plan ◽

Sudden Cardiac Arrest ◽

First Aid ◽

Critical Event ◽

Successful Resuscitation

Introduction This study aims to identify themes associated with St John volunteer first aiders’ post-resuscitation experience following an out-of-hospital sudden cardiac arrest, and to make suggestions for future practice in education and research. Methods This study was exploratory and descriptive in design, utilising a single focus group as a means of data collection. All five participants from a single resuscitation event participated in the focus group. The focus group was electronically recorded and transcribed verbatim. The results were then thematically analysed. Results The focus group participants described four themes associated with successful resuscitation of a casualty following sudden cardiac arrest. These themes were: postresuscitation casualty management; interactions with health care professionals; critical incident stress management and learning about the casualty’s outcome. Discussion Education of first aid service providers should include post-resuscitation casualty management, this could be achieved by including the chain of survival in its entirety rather than the DRABCD (danger, response, airway, breathing, circulation and defibrillation) resuscitation action plan only. Similarly, ambulance paramedics require an understanding of semi-automatic external defibrillators as used by first aid service providers. In particular, the limitations of semi-automatic external defibrillators should be included in education programs for ambulance paramedics and emergency department staff. Finally, first aid service providers should implement formal mechanisms to provide feedback to participants regarding casualty outcomes following a critical event.

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