Chylothorax and necrotizing pneumonia as complications of vomiting and cough induced by placement of a gastric tube for enteral nutrition in a 8-year old boy with Crohn's disease

The increase in incidences of pediatric Crohn’s Disease (CD) worldwide has been strongly linked with dietary shifts towards a Westernized diet, ultimately leading to altered gut microbiota and disturbance in intestinal immunity and the metabolome. Multiple clinical studies in children with CD have demonstrated the high efficacy of nutritional therapy with exclusive enteral nutrition (EEN) to induce remission with an excellent safety profile. However, EEN is poorly tolerated, limiting its compliance and clinical application. This has spiked an interest in the development of alternative and better-tolerated nutritional therapy strategies. Several nutritional therapies have now been designed not only to treat the nutritional deficiencies seen in children with active CD but also to correct dysbiosis and reduce intestinal inflammation. In this review, we report the most recent insights regarding nutritional strategies in children with active CD: EEN, partial enteral nutrition (PEN), Crohn’s disease exclusion diet (CDED), and CD treatment-with-eating diet (CD-TREAT). We describe their setup, efficacy, safety, and (dis)advantages as well as some of their potential mechanisms of action and perspectives. A better understanding of different nutritional therapeutic options and their mechanisms will yield better and safer management strategies for children with CD and may address the barriers and limitations of current strategies in children.

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Perceived acceptability of partial enteral nutrition (PEN) using oral nutritional supplement drinks in adolescent and adult Crohn’s Disease outpatients: a feasibility study

Clinical Nutrition ESPEN ◽

10.1016/j.clnesp.2021.09.742 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Katie Keetarut ◽

Harumi Kikuchi ◽

Beth King ◽

Nadine Richards ◽

Miranda Lomer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Crohn’S Disease ◽

Crohn's Disease ◽

Enteral Nutrition ◽

Feasibility Study ◽

Nutritional Supplement ◽

Oral Nutritional Supplement

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How does enteral nutrition compare with corticosteroids for induction of remission in Crohn's disease?

Cochrane Clinical Answers ◽

10.1002/cca.2922 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Sera Tort ◽

Jane Burch

Keyword(s):

Crohn’S Disease ◽

Crohn's Disease ◽

Enteral Nutrition

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Enteral nutrition for pediatric Crohn’s disease: significance and basic principles

Voprosy detskoj dietologii ◽

10.20953/1727-5784-2021-3-70-82 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 19 (3) ◽

pp. 70-82

Author(s):

T.E.Borovik T.E.Borovik ◽

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A.S.Potapov A.S.Potapov ◽

E.A.Roslavtseva E.A.Roslavtseva ◽

A.I.Khavkin A.I.Khavkin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Crohn’S Disease ◽

Crohn's Disease ◽

Enteral Nutrition ◽

Nutritional Support ◽

Intestinal Inflammation ◽

Bone Mineralization ◽

Standard Diet ◽

Newly Diagnosed ◽

Basic Principles ◽

Inflammatory Bowel

The characteristics of the diet traditionally recommended for Crohn’s disease often reduce patients’ consumption of essential nutrients. Therefore, an important role belongs to nutritional support with specialized formulas, the effectiveness of which has been proven both for inducing remission and optimizing the parameters of physical development and puberty, bone mineralization. Nutritional support should be provided for patients with newly diagnosed Crohn’s disease in the form of full enteral nutrition, and subsequently in remission, exacerbation, in the pre- and postoperative periods as an addition to the standard diet. Of particular interest is the CDED ModuLife program, which is based on a combination of enteral nutrition with specially selected foods aimed at reducing the activity of intestinal inflammation in Crohn’s disease. Key words: inflammatory bowel disease, Crohn’s disease, full enteral nutrition, partial enteral nutrition, enteral nutrition formulas

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