Competency for shoot regeneration from Arabidopsis root explants is regulated by DNA methylation

Plant Science ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 238 ◽  
pp. 251-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Or Shemer ◽  
Udi Landau ◽  
Héctor Candela ◽  
Assaf Zemach ◽  
Leor Eshed Williams
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Shoot Regeneration ◽  
Root Explants ◽  
Arabidopsis Root

scholarly journals Dicer-like proteins influence Arabidopsis root microbiota independent of RNA-directed DNA methylation

Microbiome ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Richa Kaushal ◽  
Li Peng ◽  
Sunil K. Singh ◽  
Mengrui Zhang ◽  
Xinlian Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Cell Wall ◽  
Plant Defense ◽  
Root Exudates ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Epigenetic Factors ◽  
Callose Deposition ◽  
Arabidopsis Root ◽  
Triple Mutation ◽  
Root Microbiota

Abstract Background Plants are naturally associated with root microbiota, which are microbial communities influential to host fitness. Thus, it is important to understand how plants control root microbiota. Epigenetic factors regulate the readouts of genetic information and consequently many essential biological processes. However, it has been elusive whether RNA-directed DNA methylation (RdDM) affects root microbiota assembly. Results By applying 16S rRNA gene sequencing, we investigated root microbiota of Arabidopsis mutants defective in the canonical RdDM pathway, including dcl234 that harbors triple mutation in the Dicer-like proteins DCL3, DCL2, and DCL4, which produce small RNAs for RdDM. Alpha diversity analysis showed reductions in microbe richness from the soil to roots, reflecting the selectivity of plants on root-associated bacteria. The dcl234 triple mutation significantly decreases the levels of Aeromonadaceae and Pseudomonadaceae, while it increases the abundance of many other bacteria families in the root microbiota. However, mutants of the other examined key players in the canonical RdDM pathway showed similar microbiota as Col-0, indicating that the DCL proteins affect root microbiota in an RdDM-independent manner. Subsequently gene analysis by shotgun sequencing of root microbiome indicated a selective pressure on microbial resistance to plant defense in the dcl234 mutant. Consistent with the altered plant-microbe interactions, dcl234 displayed altered characters, including the mRNA and sRNA transcriptomes that jointly highlighted altered cell wall organization and up-regulated defense, the decreased cellulose and callose deposition in root xylem, and the restructured profile of root exudates that supported the alterations in gene expression and cell wall modifications. Conclusion Our findings demonstrate an important role of the DCL proteins in influencing root microbiota through integrated regulation of plant defense, cell wall compositions, and root exudates. Our results also demonstrate that the canonical RdDM is dispensable for Arabidopsis root microbiota. These findings not only establish a connection between root microbiota and plant epigenetic factors but also highlight the complexity of plant regulation of root microbiota.

scholarly journals DNA Methylation and Histone Modifications Regulate De Novo Shoot Regeneration in Arabidopsis by Modulating WUSCHEL Expression and Auxin Signaling

PLoS Genetics ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. e1002243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Li ◽  
Hui Liu ◽  
Zhi Juan Cheng ◽  
Ying Hua Su ◽  
Hua Nan Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Histone Modifications ◽  
Shoot Regeneration ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Auxin Signaling

Adventitious shoot regeneration from leaf, stem and root explants of commercial cultivars of Gentiana

1996 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. 578-581 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keizo Hosokawa ◽  
Masaru Nakano ◽  
Yayoi Oikawa ◽  
Saburo Yamamura
Keyword(s):  
Shoot Regeneration ◽  
Adventitious Shoot ◽  
Adventitious Shoot Regeneration ◽  
Root Explants ◽  
Commercial Cultivars

CUC2 as an early marker for regeneration competence in Arabidopsis root explants

2011 ◽  
Vol 168 (13) ◽  
pp. 1598-1601 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans Motte ◽  
Inge Verstraeten ◽  
Stefaan Werbrouck ◽  
Danny Geelen
Keyword(s):  
Root Explants ◽  
Arabidopsis Root ◽  
Early Marker

scholarly journals Indirect in vitro Regeneration of the Medicinal Plant, Aspilia africana, and Histological Assessment at Different Developmental Stages

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denis Okello ◽  
Sungyu Yang ◽  
Richard Komakech ◽  
Yuseong Chung ◽  
Endang Rahmat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Shoot Regeneration ◽  
Callus Induction ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Regeneration Capacity ◽  
Root Explants ◽  
Indirect Regeneration

The medicinal plant, Aspilia africana, has been traditionally used in several African countries to treat many diseases such as tuberculosis, cough, inflammation, malaria, osteoporosis, and diabetes. In this study, we developed a protocol for in vitro propagation of A. africana using indirect shoot organogenesis from leaf and root explants of in vitro-grown seedlings and assessed the tissues at different developmental stages. The highest callus induction (91.9 ± 2.96%) from leaf explants was in the Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium augmented with 1.0 mg/L 6-Benzylaminopurine (BAP) and 1.0 mg/L 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) while from root explants, the highest callus induction (92.6 ± 2.80%) was in the same plant tissue culture medium augmented with 0.5 mg/L BAP and 1.0 mg/L 2,4-D. The best shoot regeneration capacity from leaf-derived calli (i.e., 80.0 ± 6.23% regeneration percentage and 12.0 ± 6.23 shoots per callus) was obtained in medium augmented with 1.0 mg/L BAP and 0.05 mg/L α-Naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA); the best regeneration capacity for root-derived calli (i.e., 86.7 ± 6.24% shoot regeneration percentage and 14.7 ± 1.11 shoots per callus) was obtained in the MS medium augmented with 1.0 mg/L BAP, 0.05 mg/L NAA, and 0.1 mg/L Thidiazuron (TDZ). Regenerated plantlets developed a robust root system in 1/2 MS medium augmented with 0.1 mg/L NAA and had a survival rate of 93.6% at acclimatization. The in vitro regenerated stem tissue was fully differentiated, while the young leaf tissue consisted of largely unorganized and poorly differentiated cells with large intercellular airspaces typical of in vitro leaf tissues. Our study established a protocol for the indirect regeneration of A. africana and offers a basis for its domestication, large-scale multiplication, and germplasm preservation. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to develop an indirect regeneration protocol for A. africana and conduct anatomical assessment through the different stages of development from callus to a fully developed plantlet.

Adventitious shoot regeneration from leaf, stem and root explants of commercial cultivars of Gentiana

1996 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. 578-581 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keizo Hosokawa ◽  
Masaru Nakano ◽  
Yayoi Oikawa ◽  
Saburo Yamamura
Keyword(s):  
Shoot Regeneration ◽  
Adventitious Shoot ◽  
Adventitious Shoot Regeneration ◽  
Root Explants ◽  
Commercial Cultivars

scholarly journals High frequency plant regeneration of Chrysopogon zizanioides via organogenesis and somatic embryogenesis-an underutilized pharmaceutically valuable biofuel plant

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Merlin Monisha ◽  
M. Prakash ◽  
K.R. Saravanan ◽  
Anandan R
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Embryogenesis ◽  
Somatic Embryo ◽  
Shoot Regeneration ◽  
Adventitious Shoots ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Natural Habitats ◽  
Root Explants ◽  
Chrysopogon Zizanioides ◽  
Wide Range

Abstract Vetiver (Chrysopogon zizanioides) is an essential oil-producing plant that has tremendous application in cosmetics, perfumery, and herbal medicine. Natural sterility and indiscriminate harvests lead to the risk of extinction of plant species in natural habitats. Therefore, a protocol for regeneration systems via organogenesis and somatic embryogenesis using node, leaf, and root explants has been standardized. The highest shoot regeneration frequency (72.2%) through organogenesis was attained from node explants on MS (Murashige & Skoog) medium comprising 2.0 mg L-1 BAP (“6-benzylaminopurine”). Concurrently, leaf explants cultivated on MS medium augmented by 1.0 mg L-1, 2, 4-D (“2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid”) formed the optimal frequency (75.35%) of white friable compact (WFC) callus. However, the root explant was less responsive for WFC callus induction. Organogenic WFC callus cultivated on MS medium fortified by kinetin (1.0 mg L-1) as well as BAP (1.0 mg L-1) revealed the highest shoot regeneration efficiency (75.49%) with 48 shoots per callus. Adventitious shoots obtained from node and WFC callus of both leaf and root explants cultivated on MS medium increased by NAA (2.0 mg L-1 showed the optimal rooting of 76.97%. Concomitantly, an elevated frequency of somatic embryogenesis (52.50%) was recorded from leaf explants on MS medium using BAP (0.5 mg L-1) & 2, 4-D (1.0 mg L-1). Leaf explants were superior to node and root explants for somatic embryo initiation. The cotyledonary embryos were efficiently germinated into complete plantlets on a hormone-free MS medium. The plantlets gathered from organogenesis & somatic embryo genesis was effectively acclimatized into phenomenally similar plants. This technique may be applicable for wide-range propagation, genetic engineering, and the formation of bioactive compounds.

scholarly journals Effects of plant growth regulators on lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.) cultivars

2015 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fethi Ahmet Ozdemir ◽  
Musa Turker ◽  
Khalid Mahmood Khawar
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Genetic Transformation ◽  
Shoot Regeneration ◽  
Lens Culinaris ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Economic Importance ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Root Explants ◽  
Legume Crop ◽  
Internode Explants

Lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.) is an annual pulse legume crop of immense economic importance. This study reports use of 16 lentil cultivars' shoot tips, internode, hypocotyl, cotyledon and root explants cultured on MS medium containing 3 mg/l BAP-0.5 mg/l 2,4-D or 0.25 mg/l IBA for shoot regeneration. The results showed maximum shoot regeneration from cv. Yesil 21 on internode explants on 3mg/l BAP-0.5 mg/l 2,4-D. Best shoot regeneration on MS medium containing 0.25 mg/l IBA was noted on internode explants of cv. Seyran 96. In general shoot regeneration on 0.25 mg/l IBA was better compared to 3mg/l BAP and 0.5 mg/l 2,4-D. Well developed shoots from all cultivars regenerated on both types of culture media were rooted on MS medium containing 0.19 mg/l NAA. A system to regenerate lentil is established that will help in easy genetic transformation in future. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjb.v44i1.22727 Bangladesh J. Bot. 44(1): 79-84, 2015 (March

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document