Biosynthesis and bioavailability of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

The aim: Of this research is to evaluate laboratory changes in the liver blood tests, carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in NAFLD patients with concomitant pre-diabetes, and to study the feasibility of their complex treatment with the inclusion of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and essential phospholipids. Materials and methods: We have examined 55 patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease on the background of pre-diabetes aged 40 to 75 years. Modification of lifestyle was recommended to all patients as a basic treatment. In addition, the patients were prescribed essential phospholipids in 2 capsules 3 times a day and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids 1000 mg per day for 28 patients (group 1) or rosuvastatin 10 mg per day for 27 persons (group 2). The effectiveness of the treatment was evaluated in 3 months, and the long-term outcomes were evaluated in 12 months. Results: Under the influence of the prescribed treatment, a hypolipidemic effect was observed in both groups, but a significant decline in the activity of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase occurred only under the influence of a combination of essential phospholipids and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. Conclusions: Thus, the described results allow to recommend this combination of medicines to patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and concomitant pre-diabetes.

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Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and its treatment with n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids

Clinical Nutrition ◽

10.1016/j.clnu.2017.01.006 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 37 (1) ◽

pp. 37-55 ◽

Cited By ~ 47

Author(s):

Gabriela S. de Castro ◽

Philip C. Calder

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Liver Disease ◽

Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽

Fatty Liver ◽

Fatty Liver Disease ◽

Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽

Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

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Biochemical screen correction possibilities in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease with diabetes mellitus

Regulatory Mechanisms in Biosystems ◽

10.15421/021857 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 384-390

Author(s):

S. V. Feisa ◽

M. V. Rostoka-Reznikova ◽

M. I. Tovt-Korshynska ◽

L. T. Siksai

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Fatty Acids ◽

Liver Disease ◽

Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽

Fatty Liver ◽

Lipoic Acid ◽

Fatty Liver Disease ◽

Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽

Essential Phospholipids ◽

Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

The rationale for this study is the controversial data regarding the efficacy of hepatoprotectors and antioxidants for lipid profile correction in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, the prevalence of which is increasing especially in association with diabetes mellitus. We examined 100 non-alcoholic fatty liver disease patients (40–75 years old) with concomitant type 2 diabetes mellitus (n = 73) or without it (n = 27), the groups were standardized by age and gender. In patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease with diabetes mellitus we revealed significantly higher rates of total cholesterol, triglycerides and atherogenic factor in association with a significantly lower high-density lipoproteins level versus the group of patients without concomitant diabetes. We recommended the modification of lifestyle as basic management of their condition to all patients, hypoglycemic therapy with metformin to persons with concomitant diabetes mellitus and rosuvastatin to patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease without diabetes. In addition, 25 patients received essential phospholipids (2 caps. 3 times a day) and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (1000 mg per day) for 3 months; 26 patients – α-lipoic acid (600 mg daily) for 3 months, 22 patients received rosuvastatin (10 mg daily), 27 patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease without diabetes mellitus received rosuvastatin (10 mg daily). We evaluated the treatment efficiency after 3 months treatment, and the remote consequences – 12 months after the start of combined treatment. After 3 months, the alanine-aminotransferase rate had decreased by 15.1% in the group taking combined essential phospholipids and ω3-polyunsaturated fatty acids and by 12.9% in the group taking alpha-lipoic acid, which was significantly larger than in the rosuvastatin group (7.5%); gamma-glutamate transpeptidase level decreased by 16.7%, 18.7% and 9.4% respectively indicating anticholestatic and hepatoprotective effect of both proposed treatment combinations. The same tendency of cytolysis and cholestasis processes inhibition was observed after 12 months as well. In conclusion, the combination of standard treatment with antioxidant and hepatoprotective agents (omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids with essential phospholipids or only alpha-lipoic acid) promotes both cytolysis and cholestasis syndromes inhibition in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease patients with concomitant type 2 diabetes mellitus.

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738 Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids: A pilot trial in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

Journal of Hepatology ◽

10.1016/s0168-8278(06)80718-x ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 44 ◽

pp. S264 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

L. Spadaro ◽

O. Magliocco ◽

D. Spampinato ◽

S. Piro ◽

C. Oliveri ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Liver Disease ◽

Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽

Fatty Liver ◽

Fatty Liver Disease ◽

Pilot Trial ◽

Omega 3 ◽

Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽

Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

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Targeting n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Current Medicinal Chemistry ◽

10.2174/0929867326666190410121716 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 27 (31) ◽

pp. 5250-5272 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Rodrigo Valenzuela ◽

Macarena Ortiz ◽

María Catalina Hernández-Rodas ◽

Francisca Echeverría ◽

Luis Alberto Videla

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Liver Disease ◽

Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽

Fatty Liver ◽

Fatty Liver Disease ◽

Liver Steatosis ◽

Related Factor ◽

Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽

Pubmed Database ◽

Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Background: Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) is characterized by abnormal hepatic accumulation of triacylglycerides in the absence of alcohol consumption, in association with Oxidative Stress (OS), a pro-inflammatory state and Insulin Resistance (IR), which are attenuated by n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (FAs) C20-C22 (LCPUFAs) supplementation. Main causes of NAFLD comprise high caloric intake and a sedentary lifestyle, with high intakes of saturated FAs. Methods: The review includes several searches considering the effects of n-3 LCPUFAs in NAFLD in vivo and in vitro models, using the PubMed database from the National Library of Medicine- National Institutes of Health. Results: The LCPUFAs eicosapentaenoic acid (C20:5 n-3, EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (C22:6 n- 3, DHA) have a positive effect in diminishing liver steatosis, OS, and the levels of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase and pro-inflammatory cytokines, with improvement of insulin sensitivity and adiponectin levels. The molecular pathways described for n-3 LCPUFAs in cellular and animal models and humans include peroxisome proliferator–activated receptor-α activation favouring FA oxidation, diminution of lipogenesis due to sterol responsive element binding protein-1c downregulation and inflammation resolution. Besides, nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor-2 activation is elicited by n-3 LCPUFA-derived oxidation products producing direct and indirect antioxidant responses, with concomitant anti-fibrogenic action. Conclusion: The discussed effects of n-3 LCPUFA supplementation support its use in NAFLD, although having a limited value in NASH, a contention that may involve n-3 LCPUFA oxygenated derivatives. Clinical trials establishing optimal dosages, intervention times, type of patients and possible synergies with other natural products are needed in future studies.

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