scholarly journals Effectiveness of a drinking-motive-tailored emergency-room intervention among adolescents admitted to hospital due to acute alcohol intoxication — A randomized controlled trial

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 83-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mara Wurdak ◽  
Jörg Wolstein ◽  
Emmanuel Kuntsche
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Emergency Room ◽  
Alcohol Intoxication ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Acute Alcohol Intoxication ◽  
Randomized Controlled

scholarly journals P122: Emergency department length of stay for alcohol intoxicated patients presenting with head injury

CJEM ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (S1) ◽  
pp. S119
Author(s):  
C. Varner ◽  
S.L. McLeod ◽  
C. Thompson ◽  
B. Borgundvaag
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Head Injury ◽  
Length Of Stay ◽  
Alcohol Intoxication ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Ed Visits ◽  
Study Inclusion

Introduction: Excessive consumption of alcohol is associated with harm and responsible for up to 30% of emergency department (ED) visits. ED visits and length of stay (LOS) related to alcohol intoxication have increased over the last decade. The objective of this study was to compare the ED LOS of alcohol intoxicated and non-alcohol intoxicated patients presenting to the ED with acute head injury. Methods: This was a nested cohort analysis of patients screened for enrollment in a randomized controlled trial assessing minor traumatic brain injury (MTBI) discharge instructions in the ED of an academic tertiary care hospital (annual census 65,000). Patients aged 18 to 64 years presenting to the ED with a Canadian Emergency Department Information System (CEDIS) chief complaint of a head injury or suspected concussion occurring within 24 hours were eligible for study inclusion. Patients were identified as acutely intoxicated by their treating clinical providers. ED LOS for patients acutely intoxicated and those not intoxicated was compared using a Mann-Whitney U test using the Hodges-Lehmann method. Proportional differences were assessed using chi-square statistics. Results: A total of 164 patients were included in the analysis, 46 (28.0%) intoxicated and 118 (72.0%) not intoxicated. Median (IQR) ED LOS was 2.9 (1.5, 6.6) hours for intoxicated and 1.8 (1.3, 2.9) hours for non-intoxicated patients (Δ1.1 hours; 95% CI: 0.4, 1.8). Arrival by ambulance was higher in the intoxicated (73.9%) compared to the non-intoxicated (29.7%) group (Δ44.3%; 95% CI: 27.6, 57.1). Patients were more likely to have experienced assault in the intoxicated (34.8%) compared to the non-intoxicated (6.8%) group (Δ28.0%; 95% CI: 14.5, 42.8). There no difference in the proportion of patients who arrived after daytime hours, had a brain computed tomography, received analgesia in the ED, had another traumatic injury or had a history of psychiatric illness. Conclusion: One third of patients screened for a randomized controlled trial for MTBI were deemed ineligible for study inclusion due to acute alcohol intoxication. Alcohol intoxication was associated with prolonged ED LOS. Future studies specifically aimed at identifying factors that impact care on this frequent ED patient population are needed.

scholarly journals Efficacy of Tamsulosin plus Tadalafil versus Tamsulosin as Medical Expulsive Therapy for Lower Ureteric Stones: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Diwas Gnyawali ◽  
Manish Man Pradhan ◽  
Prem Raj Sigdel ◽  
Purushottam Parajuli ◽  
Sampanna Chudal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Emergency Room ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
Emergency Room Visits ◽  
Medical Expulsive Therapy ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Introduction. Urolithiasis is one of the common disorder with which about 1/5th is found in the ureter, of which 2/3rd is seen in the lower ureter. Medical expulsive therapy is one of the routine modalities of treatment which uses various drugs acting on the ureter smooth muscle by different mechanism. We aim to compare the efficacy of combination vs. single drug. Methods. This randomized controlled trial was done in 176 consecutive patients over a period of six months (March 2019 to August 2019) in Department of Urology and Kidney Transplant Surgery, Tribhuvan University Teaching. Participants were divided into two groups (Group A, tamsulosin plus tadalafil, and Group B, tamsulosin) from computer-generated random numbers. Therapy was continued for a maximum of 3 weeks. Stone expulsion rate, time to stone expulsion, analgesic use, number of colic and emergency room visits for pain, early intervention, and adverse effects of drugs were recorded. Results. Among 176 patients who were enrolled in study, 7 were lost to follow-up, and 5 people required immediate intervention. There was a significant higher stone passage rate in group A than group B (64 vs. 50; P=0.025) and shorter expulsion time (1.66 vs. 2.32 weeks P=0.001) and less number of emergency room visits and colic episodes. No significant side effects were noted during study. Conclusion. Tamsulosin plus Tadalafil is more effective than tamsulosin with early passage of stone and decreased number of colic episodes and emergency visits without significant side effects for lower ureteric calculi of 5 mm to 10 mm.

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