Association between self-reported motivation to quit smoking with effectiveness of smoking cessation intervention among patients hospitalized for acute coronary syndromes in Switzerland

Introduction: Data from WHO showed that deaths caused by tobacco reaches approximately ± 6 million deaths annually. There are many information about the danger of smoking which spreading from various sources. The level of knowledge about the danger of smoking can be associated with motivation to stop smoking. Therefore, motivation toward smoking cessation arises if someone knows the benefits that can be taken, through an adequate knowledge.Aim: To determine the relationship between the level of knowledge on the health effects of smoking with motivation to stop smoking in ex-smokers of lung department patients at Siloam General Hospital, Lippo Village.Methodology: This is a cross-sectional study, analyzing 138 ex-smokers of Siloam General Hospital’s lung department patients using consecutive sampling techniques.Results: the results showed 73.2% of people have good knowledge about the danger of smoking and 26.8% are not. Then, 58% of people have high motivation to stop smoking and 42% have low motivation. The results of statistical test using Chi Square showed a significant relationship between the level of knowledge and the motivation to quit smoking (OR = 4.293 [95% CI: 1,921-9,594], P<.001). The results of the multivariate logistic regression test showed educational factors (P=0.014), and the frequency of smoking (P=0.007) also influence the motivation to stop smoking.Conclusion : There’s a significant relation between knowledge about the danger of smoking and the motivation to quit smoking.

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Retraining automatic action tendencies for smoking using mobile phone-based approach-avoidance bias training: Study protocol for a randomized controlled study

10.21203/rs.2.376/v2 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Alla Machulska ◽

Kristian Kleinke ◽

Tanja Joan Eiler ◽

Armin Grünewald ◽

Rainer Brück ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Smoking Cessation ◽

Mobile Phone ◽

Outcome Measures ◽

Smoking Cessation Intervention ◽

Control Group ◽

Quit Smoking ◽

Cessation Intervention ◽

Randomized Control ◽

Bias Modification

Abstract Background: Automatic tendencies to approach drug-related cues have been linked to the development and maintainance of harmful drug taking behavior. Recent studies have demonstrated that these automatic approach tendencies can be targeted directly by means of Cognitive Bias Modification (CBM) approaches. Moreover, changing those approach tendencies may enhance treatment outcomes. However, training and therapy effects tend to be rather small and adherence to the training might be impaired by time-consuming multiple lab-training sessions. Here, we present a protocol for a randomized control design to improve CBM training efficiency and facilitate access to the training by providing mobile phone-based training sessions at home to current smokers motivated to quit smoking. Methods: Participants (n = 100) are current smokers who smoke at least 6 cigarettes per day for at least 6 months and are willing to quit smoking. All participants attend a brief behavioral smoking cessation intervention (TAU) and are randomly assigned either to an experimental (TAU + training) or a control group. Participants in the experimental condition are given access to a training app aimed at retraining automatic approach biases for smoking cues. Participants are instructed to perform the app-training outside the laboratory context on a daily basis for 14 consecutive days. Participants in the control group do not receive the training. Primary outcome measures are changes in smoking-related approach biases and reductions in daily nicotine consumption as assessed at baseline, post-training and at a six-week follow-up. Secondary outcome measures include approach biases for alternative stimuli or smoking stimuli to which participants were not exposed during training, attentional and association biases, biochemical outcomes, and self-reported smoking behavior, also measured at three different time points (baseline, post-training, follow-up). After completion of the study, smokers in the control condition will receive access to the training app. Discussion: This RCT is the first to test the effectiveness of an app-based CBM intervention as an adjunct to a brief smoking cessation intervention in smokers motivated to quit smoking. The results of this study can inform future research in the optimisation and advancement of CBM treatment for addiction. Trial registration: Registered with Current Controlled Trials: study ID ISRCTN15690771. Registered on 20 November 2018; http://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN15690771 Key words: Approach Bias, Cogitive Bias Modification, cigarette smoking, nicotine addiction, Randomized Control Trial, smartphone apps

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Effectiveness of Combining Feedback about Lung Age or Exhaled Carbon Monoxide Levels with Very Brief Advice (VBA) and Support for Smoking Cessation in Primary Care Compared to Giving VBA and Support Alone – Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial withi

Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences ◽

10.3889/oamjms.2020.4519 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (E) ◽

pp. 28-36

Author(s):

Dragan Gjorgjievski ◽

Radmila Ristovska ◽

Katarina Stavrikj ◽

Amanda Farley ◽

Peymane Adab ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Primary Care ◽

Smoking Cessation ◽

Cost Effectiveness ◽

Republic Of Macedonia ◽

Quit Smoking ◽

Lung Age ◽

Motivation To Quit ◽

Exhaled Carbon Monoxide ◽

Brief Advice ◽

Motivation To Quit Smoking

INTRODUCTION: In 2015, smoking prevalence in Republic of Macedonia was 36% in men and 21% in women We aim to assess the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of two methods of motivating smokers to quit smoking compared with very brief advice (VBA) alone. Тo date, there are no studies investigating smoking cessation treatment in Republic of Macedonia. METHODS/DESIGN: RCT with process evaluation and cost-effectiveness analysis within 31 general practices in Republic of Macedonia recruiting smokers currently smoking >10 cigarettes per day, aged >35 years, attending primary care practices for any reason, regardless of motivation to quit smoking. Respondents will be randomized into one of three groups: (1) VBA and assessment and communication of lung age; (2) VBA and additional assessment and communication of exhaled carbon monoxide (CO) levels; or (3) control group – VBA. All participants who attempt to quit smoking will be offered behavioral support based on the UK standard program for smoking cessation. Primary outcome: Proportion of smokers who are quit at 4 weeks (7-day point prevalence, confirmed by salivary cotinine level). Secondary outcomes: Proportion who have attempted to quit smoking or have quit smoking, a proportion that has reduced the number of cigarettes and motivation to quit smoking; cost-effectiveness analysis calculating cost per quality-adjusted life year. We will evaluate the fidelity to the intervention and will explore patients’ and GPs’ experience and the acceptability of the study intervention by interview. DISCUSSION: The study will evaluate the effectiveness of combining feedback about lung age or exhaled CO levels with VBA and support for smoking cessation in primary care compared to giving VBA and support alone. It will explore how willing primary care physicians are to perform such interventions and the acceptability and effectiveness of such interventions to patients in Republic of Macedonia. TRIAL REGISTRATION: The study is registered on the ISRCTN registry (ISRCTN54228638).

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“After all – It doesn’t kill you to quit smoking”: An explorative analysis of the blog in a smoking cessation intervention

Scandinavian Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1177/1403494813489602 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 41 (7) ◽

pp. 655-661 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Caroline Lyng Brandt ◽

Peter Dalum ◽

Lise Skov-Ettrup ◽

Janne Schurmann Tolstrup

Keyword(s):

Smoking Cessation ◽

Smoking Cessation Intervention ◽

Quit Smoking ◽

Cessation Intervention

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Systematic Review of Clinician-Reported Barriers to Provision of Smoking Cessation Interventions in Hospital Inpatient Settings

The Journal of Smoking Cessation ◽

10.1017/jsc.2017.25 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 13 (4) ◽

pp. 233-243 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Tom Sharpe ◽

Ali Alsahlanee ◽

Ken D. Ward ◽

Frank Doyle

Keyword(s):

Smoking Cessation ◽

Healthcare Workers ◽

Perceived Barriers ◽

Inpatient Setting ◽

Hospital Inpatient ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Quit Smoking ◽

Motivation To Quit ◽

Inpatient Settings ◽

Motivation To Quit Smoking

Background: Although the hospital inpatient setting arguably provides an ideal opportunity to engage patients in smoking cessation interventions, this is done infrequently. We therefore aimed to systematically review the perceived barriers to the implementation of smoking cessation interventions in the hospital inpatient setting.Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted specific to hospital-based healthcare workers’ perceived barriers to implementing smoking cessation interventions. Reported barriers were categorised using the capability, opportunity and motivation (COM-B) framework.Results: Eighteen studies were selected for inclusion, which consisted of cross-sectional surveys and interviews. The most commonly identified barrier in capability was lack of knowledge (56% of studies); in Opportunity, it was a lack of time (78%); while in Motivation, a lack of perceived patient motivation to quit smoking (44%). Seventeen other barriers were also endorsed, but less frequently.Conclusion: Healthcare workers report a plethora of barriers to providing smoking cessation interventions in hospital settings, which cover all aspects of the COM-B framework. These impediments need to be addressed in a multidisciplinary approach, at clinical, educational, and administrative levels, to improve intervention provision.

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Effects of Brief Smoking Cessation Education with Expiratory Carbon Monoxide Measurement on Level of Motivation to Quit Smoking

Korean Journal of Family Medicine ◽

10.4082/kjfm.2013.34.3.190 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 34 (3) ◽

pp. 190 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Won-Young Choi ◽

Cheol-Hwan Kim ◽

Ok-Gyu Lee

Keyword(s):

Carbon Monoxide ◽

Smoking Cessation ◽

Quit Smoking ◽

Motivation To Quit ◽

Level Of Motivation ◽

Motivation To Quit Smoking

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Mobile Phone–Based Smoking-Cessation Intervention for Patients Undergoing Elective Surgery: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)

10.2196/preprints.12511 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Marcus Bendtsen ◽

Catharina Linderoth ◽

Preben Bendtsen

Keyword(s):

Randomized Controlled Trial ◽

Smoking Cessation ◽

Mobile Phone ◽

Elective Surgery ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Smoking Cessation Intervention ◽

Care Clinic ◽

Randomized Controlled ◽

Quit Smoking ◽

Cessation Intervention

BACKGROUND Several large studies have shown that the risk of cardiovascular, respiratory, and wound-healing complications (including death) within 30 days of surgery is greater for smokers than for nonsmokers. However, there is evidence that even short-term perioperative smoking cessation may reduce postoperative morbidity. Over the past few years, it has become more evident that short message service (SMS)–based interventions can help individuals quit smoking. OBJECTIVE The overall aim of this project is to fill the knowledge gap on whether an SMS-based smoking-cessation intervention can be effective in helping patients stop smoking perioperatively. The aim of this trial is to evaluate the effectiveness of an SMS-based intervention on smoking behavior of patients undergoing elective surgery. METHODS A two-arm parallel-group randomized controlled trial will be conducted at 20 surgical departments in southeast Sweden. Smokers undergoing elective surgery who own a mobile phone will be included. Power calculations indicate that it will be necessary to randomize 434 participants. One group will be given access to a novel 12-week SMS program, which includes daily SMS messages with behavior change–enforcing text content and hyperlinks to interactive modules, while the other group will not be given access to the intervention. Both groups will have access to the surgical departments’ current routine for smoking cessation prior to surgery. Primary outcome measures, prolonged abstinence, and point prevalence of smoking cessation will be measured through questionnaires at 3, 6, and 12 months after randomization. Logistic regression models adjusted using baseline characteristics will be explored to identify potential effects of the intervention. RESULTS Recruitment started in late October 2018 and is expected to last for a maximum of 30 months. The first results are expected to be available approximately 3 months after the final date of recruitment. CONCLUSIONS Owing to the structural problems and scarcity of time and resources, patients at most Swedish surgical departments are simply instructed to quit smoking, and perhaps, referred to a primary health care clinic. An SMS-based smoking-cessation aid can be effective in helping individuals quit smoking and is a very simple and time-efficient tool for surgical departments to use. CLINICALTRIAL ISRCTN Registry ISRCTN33869008; http://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN33869008 INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPOR PRR1-10.2196/12511

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Effects of electronic cigarette e-liquid flavouring on cigarette craving

Tobacco Control ◽

10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2021-056769 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. tobaccocontrol-2021-056769

Author(s):

Maddy L Dyer ◽

Jasmine N Khouja ◽

Abigail R Jackson ◽

Michelle A Havill ◽

Martin J Dockrell ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Smoking Cessation ◽

Unintended Consequences ◽

Electronic Cigarette ◽

Cigarette Use ◽

Quit Smoking ◽

Motivation To Quit ◽

Cigarette Craving ◽

Secondary Outcomes ◽

Smoking Lapse ◽

Motivation To Quit Smoking

BackgroundE-liquid flavour restrictions may discourage electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) uptake among youth. However, possible unintended consequences may include reduced appeal and effectiveness of e-cigarettes for smoking cessation. Non-tobacco flavours appear to be important for smoking cessation, but how and why are currently unclear.MethodsWe conducted an experimental study in a UK sample of adult daily smokers using an independent groups design (N=84). Participants were randomised to use an e-cigarette with nicotine-containing fruit/sweet-flavoured e-liquid (blackcurrant, strawberry, vanilla, caramel) or unflavoured e-liquid for 1 week. The primary outcomes were average, peak and cue-elicited cigarette craving (the latter was assessed using a cue exposure task). The secondary outcomes were smoking lapse occurrence, enjoyment of the e-cigarette, ease of transitioning from smoking to using an e-cigarette, intentions to continue using an e-cigarette, intentions and motivation to quit smoking, return to smoking, and continuation of e-cigarette use.ResultsE-liquid flavouring did not appear to have an effect on average cigarette craving (b 0.18, 95% CI −0.44 to 0.79, p=0.57), peak cigarette craving (b −0.12, 95% CI −0.59 to 0.35, p=0.62) or cue-elicited cigarette craving (b −0.21, 95% CI −3.86 to 3.43, p=0.91). We did not find evidence of a difference in secondary outcomes.ConclusionsWe did not find evidence to suggest that nicotine-containing fruit/sweet-flavoured and unflavoured e-liquids have different effects on cigarette cravings after 1 week of use. Further research is needed to establish if differences emerge over longer periods of exposure and extend to smoking cessation outcomes.

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