Annotation. Surgical interventions for diseases of the thoracic cavity are one of the most invasive surgical procedures, which are often accompanied by postoperative complications, which increase mortality, prolong hospital stays, require additional costs and correlate with poor long-term survival. However, respiratory complications remain the most common of non-surgical complications and their frequency varies from 13 to 38%. So far, several studies have shown that respiratory dysfunction is an independent risk factor for postoperative pneumonia. The aim – investigate whether it is possible to use spirometric lung age to predict the occurrence of postoperative pneumonia after thoracic surgeries. The study was performed on 192 patients with diseases of the thoracic cavity (esophagus, lungs, mediastinum), underwent surgery in the thoracoabdominal department of the Shalimov’s National Institute of Surgery and Transplantation. Statistical software EZR v.1.54 was used for statistical calculations (graphical user interface for statistical software R version 4.0.3, R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria). We found a very strong association between the risk of developing pulmonary complications and the age of the lungs, AUC=0.97 (95% confidence interval from 0.94 to 0.99). When choosing the optimal point for predicting the risk of pulmonary complications obtained: Lung age critical = 99.6 years. Thus, at Lung age >99.6 years, the development of postoperative pulmonary complications is predicted. At Lung age <99.6 years, the absence of postoperative pulmonary complications is predicted. When choosing this decision point, the sensitivity is 93.5% (82.1-98.6%), specificity – 95.9% (91.3-98.5%). Therefore, spirometric age of the lungs was associated with the incidence of postoperative pulmonary complications in patients undergoing surgery for thoracic disease. This parameter deserves attention as a predictor of the probability of developing postoperative pneumonia after thoracic surgeries and can help in assessing the state of respiratory function of patients.