Temperament and character dimensions in male patients with substance use disorders: Differences relating to psychiatric comorbidity

ObjectiveWe investigated whether mental illness is associated with lower rates of carotid endarterectomy (CEA)/carotid artery stenting (CAS) after stroke due to carotid stenosis.MethodsIn this retrospective cross-sectional study, ischemic stroke cases due to carotid stenosis were identified in the 2007–2014 Nationwide (National) Inpatient Sample. Psychiatric conditions were identified by secondary ICD-9-CM diagnosis codes for schizophrenia/psychoses, bipolar disorder, depression, anxiety, or substance use disorders. Using logistic regression, we tested the association between psychiatric conditions and CEA/CAS, controlling for demographic, clinical, and hospital factors.ResultsAmong 37,474 included stroke cases, 6,922 (18.5%) had a psychiatric comorbidity. The presence of any psychiatric condition was associated with lower odds of CEA/CAS (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 0.84, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.78–0.90). Schizophrenia/psychoses (OR 0.72, 95% CI 0.55–0.93), depression (OR 0.83, 95% CI 0.75–0.91), and substance use disorders (OR 0.73, 95% CI 0.65–0.83) were each associated with lower odds of CEA/CAS. The association of mental illness and CEA/CAS was dose-dependent: compared to patients without mental illness, patients with multiple psychiatric comorbidities (OR 0.74, 95% CI 0.62–0.87) had lower odds of CEA/CAS than those with only one psychiatric comorbidity (OR 0.86, 95% CI 0.79–0.92; p value for trend <0.001).ConclusionThe odds of carotid revascularization after stroke is lower in patients with mental illness, particularly those with schizophrenia/psychoses, depression, substance use disorders, and multiple psychiatric diagnoses.

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Effects of age at first substance use and psychiatric comorbidity on the development of substance use disorders

Drug and Alcohol Dependence ◽

10.1016/s0376-8716(04)00093-6 ◽

2004 ◽

Author(s):

M SUNG

Keyword(s):

Substance Use ◽

Substance Use Disorders ◽

Psychiatric Comorbidity

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Comparative study of psychiatric comorbidity differences in patients with ADHD and cocaine substance use disorders and patients ADHD and cannabis use disorders

European Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.01.557 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 41 (S1) ◽

pp. S477-S477

Author(s):

N. Martínez-Luna ◽

L. Rodriguez-Cintas ◽

C. Daigre ◽

L. Grau-Lopez ◽

R.F. Palma-Alvarez ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Substance Use ◽

Substance Use Disorders ◽

Drug Users ◽

Psychiatric Comorbidity ◽

Psychotic Disorders ◽

Neuronal Damage ◽

Total Sample ◽

Cocaine Users ◽

The Difference ◽

Competing Interest

Substance Use Disorders (SUD) and Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder (ADHD) are frequent conditions in out drug treatment centers. There are evidences about the high prevalence of ADHD in SUD patients (20%) compared with just ADHD in general population (1–7.3%). Both disorders and psychiatric comorbidity are important in the diagnosis proceeding. The objective of this study is search the difference in psychiatric comorbidity conditions between patients with ADHD and Cocaine SUD and ADHD and Cannabis SUD. ADHD was present in 158 patients of a total sample in which 46,8% used cocaine, 17.1% cannabis and 36.1% used both. Mood disorders were 26.8% in cocaine users, 21.7% in cannabis and 18.9% in both. Anxiety disorders were 20.3% in cocaine users, 37.5 in cannabis and 13% in both users. Primary psychotic disorders were 2.9% in cocaine users, none in cannabis and 11,1% in both drug users. Personality disorders by cluster were, Cluster A: 11.3% in cocaine group, 36% in cannabis group and 24.5 in cannabis and cocaine group. Cluster B: 33.8% in cocaine group, 44% in cannabis group and 51.9% in cannabis and cocaine group. Cluster C: 9.9% in cocaine group, 28% in cannabis group and 19.2% in cannabis and cocaine group. There could be common pathways of neuronal damage related to psychiatric comorbidity depending of used drug, the differences in comorbidity found in this study could explain a little part of it. It is important to manage SUD-ADHD and other psychiatric comorbidity in order to improve the outcomes of these patients.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

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Psychiatric Comorbidity Among Adolescents With Substance Use Disorders: Findings From the MECA Study

Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry ◽

10.1097/00004583-199906000-00016 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 38 (6) ◽

pp. 693-699 ◽

Cited By ~ 146

Author(s):

DENISE B. KANDEL ◽

JEFFREY G. JOHNSON ◽

HECTOR R. BIRD ◽

MYRNA M. WEISSMAN ◽

SHERRYL H. GOODMAN ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Substance Use ◽

Substance Use Disorders ◽

Psychiatric Comorbidity

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Psychiatric Comorbidity in Droup Out from Educational Attainment Attending Tertiary Care Hospital

TAJ Journal of Teachers Association ◽

10.3329/taj.v26i0.37584 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 26 ◽

pp. 38-42

Author(s):

MS Islam ◽

SMAA Mamun ◽

AA Mamun Hossain

Keyword(s):

Substance Use ◽

Secondary Education ◽

Mental Disorders ◽

Substance Use Disorders ◽

Primary Education ◽

Impulse Control ◽

Psychiatric Comorbidity ◽

Tertiary Education ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Higher Secondary Education

Background: Studies of the impact of mental disorders on educational attainment are rare. Mental disorders, those beginning in childhood or adolescence may increase the risk of early droup out from education. The latter has been shown to have adverse life-course consequences on individuals such as greater demand on social welfare entitlements.Objective: To find out socio-demographic status and psychiatric comorbidity profile of patients with education droup out.Design: Descriptive cross sectional study.Setting: All cases were selected from patients attending at Comilla Medical College hospital and Tertiary Care hospitals in Comilla City from August 2014 to April 2015.Methods: A total of 50 droup out patients aged 10 to 30 years who fullfiled the enrolment criteria included in the study. A semi structural questionnaire, DSM-5 and ICD-10 have been used as research instruments. The Frequency tables, summary tables and appropriate graphs were prepared to describe the population characteristics and study finding.Result: Total 62 participants were approach for interview. Considering inclusion and exclusion criteria finally 50 patients were selected for the study. In this study, anxiety disorders was 8%, behaviour/ impulse control disorders was 8%, mood disorders was 16%, substance use disorders was 24%, schizophrenia spectrum disorders was 12% and composite psychiatric disorders was 32%. Among droup out patient’s non- completion of primary education was 14%, non- completion of secondary education was 20%, non- completion of higher secondary education was 24%, not entry to tertiary education was 12% and non- completion of tertiary education was 30%. Among behaviour/impulse control disorders non- completion of primary education was 6%, substance use disorders non- completion of higher secondary education was 10%, mood disorder both non- completion of higher secondary education and non- completion of tertiary education were 6%. Among composite psychiatric disorders non- completion of secondary education, non- completion of higher secondary education and non- completion of tertiary education were 8%, 6% and 12% respectively. Socioeconomic status represented the homogenous result in this study. Most of the psychiatric morbidity was male (62%) and age group of 18-24 years (54%).Conclusion: Onset of mental disorder and subsequent droup out from education that was found in this study. Further multi-centered prospective and population-based studies should be desined to fint out the exact situation.TAJ 2013; 26: 38-42

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Epidemiology and Phenomenology of Compulsive Buying Disorder

10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195389715.013.0072 ◽

2012 ◽

Author(s):

Donald W. Black

Keyword(s):

Substance Use ◽

Substance Use Disorders ◽

Impulse Control ◽

Psychiatric Comorbidity ◽

Clinical Symptoms ◽

Compulsive Buying ◽

Buying Behavior ◽

Axis Ii ◽

Women Subjects ◽

Compulsive Buying Disorder

Compulsive buying disorder (CBD) is defined as excessive shopping cognitions and buying behavior that leads to distress or impairment. This chapter presents an overview of its definition and recognition, clinical symptoms, epidemiology, natural history, and both cultural and family factors. Compulsive buying disorder is found worldwide and has a lifetime prevalence of 5.8% in the U.S. general population. The disorder has a female preponderance, has an onset in the late teen years or early 20s, appears to be chronic or recurrent, and occurs mainly in women. Subjects with CBD report a preoccupation with shopping, prepurchase tension or anxiety, and a sense of relief following a purchase. Compulsive buying disorder is associated with significant psychiatric comorbidity, particularly mood and anxiety disorders, substance use disorders, eating disorders, other disorders of impulse control, and Axis II disorders, although there is no special “shopping” personality. The disorder tends to run in families, and these families are filled with mood and substance use disorders.

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