Differences in psychiatric symptoms and barriers to mental health care between volunteer and career firefighters

The objective of this study was to investigate barriers to appropriate mental health care in a sample of Bolivian migrants living in São Paulo and to examine the association between barriers of care and the presence of symptoms of non-psychotic psychiatric disorders in this population. Considering that treatment usually reduces symptoms, it could be hypothesized that individuals reporting more barriers to care also will report more symptoms. The sample comprised 104 individuals born in Bolivia, with Bolivian nationality and living in São Paulo for at least 30 days prior to enrolling in the study, between 18 and 80 years of age and able to read and write in Spanish or Portuguese. The symptoms of mental disorders were assessed using the Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20) and barriers to appropriate mental health care were evaluated using the Barriers to Assessing Care Evaluation (BACE). A multiple linear regression analysis was performed to determine the predictive effect of the BACE total score (independent variable) in the SRQ-20 score (dependent variable), including in the model, and the variables that were significantly correlated with the BACE total score or SRQ-20. Our results indicate that more than a half of the sample of Bolivian migrants living in Sao Paulo, Brazil, especially females, presented significant non-psychotic psychopathology. Individuals reporting more barriers to care, especially instrumental and attitudinal barriers, also have a higher risk of psychiatric symptoms, independently of sex, age and family income. Our results suggest that actions to increase availability of mental health services, especially culturally sensitive services, could reduce barriers to care and improve mental health among migrants.

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“Why Come for Treatment?” Clients’ and Therapists’ Accounts of the Presenting Problems When Seeking Mental Health Care

Qualitative Health Research ◽

10.1177/1049732318756302 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 28 (6) ◽

pp. 916-926 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Ora Nakash ◽

Michal Cohen ◽

Maayan Nagar

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Health Care ◽

Mental Health Care ◽

Psychiatric Symptoms ◽

Interpersonal Problems ◽

Initial Contact ◽

Physical Problems ◽

Raising Awareness ◽

Depth Interviews

Although identification of main problems is the foundation for treatment planning, limited research has examined reasons for seeking mental health care. We identified reasons for seeking mental health care as reported by clients and therapists upon initial contact with mental health services. We conducted in-depth interviews with clients and their therapists immediately following the intake. We analyzed 117 therapist and 112 client interviews using thematic analysis. Overall interrater reliability among three raters who coded the interviews was high (kappa = 0.72). Our findings suggest that, overall, clients and therapists report similar main area problems that bring clients to care. Emotional distress and other psychiatric symptoms as well as interpersonal problems were most prevalent. Therapists tended to ignore some problem areas that clients highlighted, including physical problems and socioeconomic strains. Raising awareness to potential gaps in perception of main problems that bring clients to care will promote a shared understanding and improve quality of care.

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Disability and Psychiatric Symptoms in Men Referred for Treatment with Work-Related Problems to Primary Mental Health Care

Healthcare ◽

10.3390/healthcare5020018 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 18 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

S. Bailey ◽

Christopher Mushquash ◽

John Haggarty

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Health Care ◽

Mental Health Care ◽

Psychiatric Symptoms ◽

Work Related ◽

Primary Mental Health Care

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香港社區精神健康照顧服務12個月的成效研究

The Hong Kong Journal of Social Work ◽

10.1142/s0219246211000076 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 45 (01n02) ◽

pp. 59-72 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

日嵐吳 ◽

可如尹 ◽

景強羅 ◽

翠然葉 ◽

學榮劉 ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Health Care ◽

Mental Illness ◽

Community Mental Health ◽

Mental Health Care ◽

Health Care Services ◽

Psychiatric Symptoms ◽

Community Mental Health Care ◽

Care Services ◽

People With Mental Illness

社區精神復康服務在西方國家發展悠久，不同的相關文獻與實証爲本研究 ( evidence-based research) 顯示，該服務形式對生活於社區的精神病康復者有顯著成效。自2005年開始，在政府和非政府機構推動下，社區精神健康照顧服務在香港不同的地方推行。然而，有關本港社區精神健康照顧服務的研究卻相當貧乏。是次研究運用單組前測後測設計 (one group pre-test and post-test design) 方式，評估一個在本港推行的社區精神健康照顧服務，對離院後重返社區生活的服務使用者的成效。是次研究邀請了120名精神病康復者參與研究，共有87名研究對象完成所有測試。當中測試範疇包括精神病徵狀、生活質素、自我效能、社區生活技巧。研究發現在開始接受服務後的6至12個月，社區精神健康照顧服務減少精神病徵狀 ( p <.001)、提高生活質素 ( p <.05)、增強自我效能 ( p <.001)和提升社區生活技巧 ( p <.001) 能夠爲康復者帶來非常正面的效果。 Community mental health care services have been developing in Western countries for decades and have been proved to be effective in facilitating the rehabilitation of people with mental illness into the community in many evidence-based research studies. In Hong Kong, with the support of the government and non-government organisations, community mental health care services have been set up in different districts since 2005. However, research on the services is limited. By using the one-group pre-test and post-test design method, this study examines the effects of one Community Mental Health Care Services on the rehabilitation of people with mental illness discharged from hospitals. A total number of 120 service users participated in the study and 87 subjects completed all the assessments in different areas, including psychiatric symptoms, quality of life, self-efficacy and community living skills, before the commencement of intervention, 6 months after the intervention and at 12 months immediately after the intervention. Results showed that the subjects had lessened psychiatric symptoms ( p <.001), better quality of life ( p <.05), enhanced self-efficacy ( p <.001) and increased community living skills ( p <.001), after the services. The study revealed significant positive effects of the community mental heath care services on people with mental illness in the community.

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Psychiatric emergencies in asylum seekers

Oxford Textbook of Migrant Psychiatry ◽

10.1093/med/9780198833741.003.0062 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 533-542

Author(s):

Georgios Schoretsanitis ◽

Dinesh Bhugra ◽

Aristomenis Exadaktylos

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Health Care ◽

Mental Health Care ◽

Asylum Seekers ◽

Health Care Services ◽

Psychiatric Symptoms ◽

Current Knowledge ◽

Epidemiological Data ◽

Psychiatric Emergencies ◽

Care Services

In this chapter, we review data on psychiatric emergencies and related symptoms in asylum seekers. In recent years, there has been an enormous increase in the migration of displaced people throughout the world, and mental health care for these highly vulnerable individuals is a major public health challenge for Western health systems. Current research often investigates asylum seekers and other immigrant or refugee groups on the basis of epidemiological data. Nevertheless, these people are exposed to different types of mental health risks and thus have to be assessed separately. This chapter will first consider available data on the prevalence of post-migratory stressors, psychiatric symptoms, and mental disorders that may underlie psychiatric emergencies for asylum seekers. How asylum seekers utilize mental health care services in the acute setting will be evaluated and current knowledge will be used to develop a decision-making algorithm for clinicians.

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Effect of community mental health care programs in Australia: a systematic review

Australian Journal of Primary Health ◽

10.1071/py20147 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 26 (6) ◽

pp. 443 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Renee O'Donnell ◽

Melissa Savaglio ◽

Dave Vicary ◽

Helen Skouteris

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Health Care ◽

Case Management ◽

Mental Health Care ◽

Psychiatric Symptoms ◽

Grey Literature ◽

Psychosocial Outcomes ◽

Community Based ◽

Individual Outcomes

Although numerous studies have examined the effects of community-based mental health care programs in Australia, no synthesis of this literature exists. This systematic review of peer-reviewed and grey literature described the types of community-based mental health care programs delivered and evaluated in Australia in the past 20 years, and evaluated their impact in improving outcomes for those with a serious mental illness (SMI). Articles were included if they evaluated the extent to which the programs delivered in Australia improved individual outcomes, including hospitalisations, psychiatric symptoms, substance misuse or psychosocial outcomes, for individuals with an SMI. Forty studies were included. Community-based mental health care programs were categorised into three types: case management (n=23), therapeutic (n=11) and lifestyle (n=6). Therapeutic programs were most effective in reducing psychiatric symptoms. Case management approaches yielded significant improvements in psychosocial outcomes. Lifestyle programs were inconclusive in improving individual outcomes. This review provides support for the implementation of community-based mental health care programs that are informed by both therapeutic and case management principles. A multidisciplinary team that can facilitate the provision of therapeutic and psychosocial support may be most beneficial for those with an SMI within the Australian community.

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A Tribute to the Late William J. Curran

The Journal of Law Medicine & Ethics ◽

10.1017/s1073110500004058 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 24 (3) ◽

pp. 274-275

Author(s):

O. Lawrence ◽

J.D. Gostin

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Health Care ◽

Mental Illness ◽

United Nations ◽

Mental Health Care ◽

Harvard University ◽

Legal Medicine ◽

General Assembly ◽

International Institute ◽

University Professor

In the summer of 1979, a group of experts on law, medicine, and ethics assembled in Siracusa, Sicily, under the auspices of the International Commission of Jurists and the International Institute of Higher Studies in Criminal Science, to draft guidelines on the rights of persons with mental illness. Sitting across the table from me was a quiet, proud man of distinctive intelligence, William J. Curran, Frances Glessner Lee Professor of Legal Medicine at Harvard University. Professor Curran was one of the principal drafters of those guidelines. Many years later in 1991, after several subsequent re-drafts by United Nations (U.N.) Rapporteur Erica-Irene Daes, the text was adopted by the U.N. General Assembly as the Principles for the Protection of Persons with Mental Illness and for the Improvement of Mental Health Care. This was the kind of remarkable achievement in the field of law and medicine that Professor Curran repeated throughout his distinguished career.

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