For the first time, the fauna of carnivorous mammals (Carnivora) of the final Pleistocene and Holocene of the southern part of the Russian Far East was studied in detail. The well-preserved paleontological collections from the Bliznets Cave, located in South Sikhote Alin and representing a karst well, were examined. Fourteen species were identified, which are currently found in the region, with the exception of the steppe polecat (Mustela eversmanii) and a small cat similar to the Pallas cat (Otocolobus manul). Two stratigraphic complexes are distinguished. The first, judging by radiocarbon dating (11–12 thousand years), refers to the end of the Late Pleistocene. The remains of small mustelids, including Mustela eversmanii, are found almost exclusively here. The entrance to the cave was small or difficult to access for large mammals, and a bone cluster was formed as a result of the activity of birds of prey (probably owls). The second stratigraphic complex dates from the Holocene. There is no steppe polecat in it, but finds of Pallas cat are recorded. Judging by the composition of the remaining parts of the skeleton, the entrance to the cave increased and whole animals of large and medium size fell down into the cave well, which died there. Our analysis confirms that in the south of the Far East there was a shift of the ranges of the thermophilic species of carnivorous mammals to the south in the cold climatic phases and their movement to the north in warm epochs. In addition, species came from the arid territories of Central Asia (steppe polecat, Pallas cat), which dispersed there during the spread of steppe landscapes in the cold phases of the final Pleistocene and Early Holocene.
Представлены результаты изучения исходного материала столовой моркови и свеклы разного эколого-географического происхождения по устойчивости к патогенной флоре. Для условий Дальнего Востока созданы высокопродуктивные, устойчивые к патогенам сорта и гибриды столовых корнеплодов.The article presents the results of the study of the source material of table carrots and beets of different ecological and geographical origin for resistance to diseases. Geniuses for breeding of high-productive variety samples of root crops with rather high resistance to diseases in the conditions of the South of the Russian Far East are revealed.
An analysis of the mtCOI sequences in the species from the genus Ypsolopha Latreille, 1796 made it possible to confirm a new species for science, Y. occultatella sp. n., morphologically similar to the East Asian species Y. yasudai Moriuti, 1964. The genetic distance between the mtCOI sequences in Y. occultatella sp. n. and Y. yasudai is 0,066–0,069 (6,6–6,9 %). However, the minimal genetic distance, 0,038–0,042 (3,8–4,2 %), was determined between the mtCOI sequences of the new species and Y. blandella (Christoph, 1882), while these species differ well in the forewing pattern.
The present paper reviews the taxonomic studies of the mite suborder Oribatida in the Russian Far East South and Chinese North-East Territories. At present, 746 species of oribatid mites are registered in China, including 175 species in the soils of Northeast China. In the Russian Far East, there were 605 species of oribatids, including 344 species in the south of the Far East. The fauna of the oribatid mites of the Northeast of China and the south of the Russian Far East has 446 species and subspecies representing 190 genera and 80 families. 72 species of oribatid are common for both territories. The modern fauna of the oribatid mites of the Northeast of China and the south of the Far East was formed as a result of prolonged interaction between the boreal and palaearchaearctic faunas. The oribatid fauna of this region is distinguished by the presence of a large number of endemics, some of which are relics of the late Tertiary time and which can be considered as autochthonous. The checklist includes data from more than 100 locations of this enormous region. In addition, a short climatic and historical review of oribatid mites study is presented.
The participation of European entomologists from among the Austro- Hungarian army prisoners of World War I in the research of the Siberian and Amur entomofauna is considered. Despite the fact that they were doing this in conditions of lack of freedom, their mass collection yielded appreciable results. The biographical information about Karl Ferdinand Mandl (1891– 1989), Stepan Jurechek (1877–1940), Hermann Frib (1877–1947), Josef Michel (1890–1963) and Alfred Biener (1892(?)–1954), which are known from publications of entomologists processed their collections or materials, is given. Some little-known events from the activities in the South Ussuriysk branch of the Amur department of the Russian Geographical Society in Nikolsk-Ussuriysk, and in the life of Evgenia Nikolaevna Klobukova-Alisova (1889–1962) and Alexei Ivanovich Kurentsov (1896–1975) are described. The translation of memories on this time by A. Biener is included in the Appendix.
The late Pleistocene and Holocene history of Pinus koraiensis (Korean Pine) in the south of the Russian Far East based on palynological data