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2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-42
Author(s):  
T. S. Bystritskaya ◽  
L. I. Merekina ◽  
T. E. Dyubanova ◽  
A. B. Maksimova ◽  
E. N. Zaritskaya ◽  
...  

Morbidity with malignant neoplasms offemale genital organs in Amur region makes up 38-45per 100000 women. Cervical and uterine carcinomae dominate through all malignant tumors. The authors point to the low rate оfcase detecting as to women with genital neoplasms. Late diagnostics lead to unfavourable prognosis. General cancer mortality decreased for the last three years but still remains high. To reduce the rate of oncological diseases a regional programme including tumor and pretumor screening is to be elaborated.


Author(s):  
А.Н. Варламов

Целью исследования является выявление исторических свойств устного народного творчества на примере типологии сюжетно-мотивного состава эпоса эвенков. Актуальная проблема фольклорного историзма рассматривается с позиции междисциплинарного подхода, в котором привлекаются материалы смежных научных дисциплин. Для достижения цели исследования используются методологические основы фольклорного историзма на материале эпоса восточных эвенков. Проблемы ранней истории тунгусо-маньчжурских народов исследуются на основе анализа популярного мотива путешествия эпического героя эвенков с привлечением материалов устного народного творчества и мировоззренческих традиций этносов дальневосточного региона. Мотив путешествия героя нимнгакана является наиболее распространенным в эпических традициях восточных эвенков, составляя композиционную и содержательную основу текста – основное содержание сказаний восточных эвенков описывает странствия и подвиги эвенкийского богатыря в далеких землях, расположенных к востоку от места его рождения. В своём странствии в страну восходящего солнца герой сражается с враждебными богатырями Нижнего мира, обретает взаимобрачные и родственные связи с аборигенами восточных земель. Характеристики и этнографические детали культурных традиций дружественных племен существенно отличаются. Кроме носителей скотоводческих и оленеводческих традиций, можно выделить две основные этно-племенные группы, с которыми контактирует герой эвенкийского эпоса: носители культуры рыболовства и морской охоты, а также «древние свиноводы». В результате исследования, выдвигается предположение о том, что мотив путешествия эпического героя эвенков представляет собой отражение исторических процессов, сопровождавших развитие этнографического комплекса эвенков и родственных народов тунгусо-маньчжурской группы в Приамурье, Маньчжурии и на побережье Охотского моря. В число групп, с которыми формировались прочные исторические связи тунгусов, следует отнести предков нивхов и этно-племенные формации Приамурья, объединяемые этнонимами сушень и мохэ. Работа представляет интерес для специалистов по фольклору, истории и этнографии, в круг научных интересов которых входят традиции устного народного творчества и история тунгусо-маньчжурских народов. The aim of the study was to identify the historical properties of oral folk art on the example of the typology of the plot-motif composition of the Evenki epic. The actual problem of folk historicism is considered from the position of an interdisciplinary approach, which draws on materials from related scholarly disciplines. To achieve the goal of the research, the methodological foundations of folklore historicism were used based on the material of the epic of Eastern Evenks. The problems of the early history of the Tungus-Manchu peoples were investigated on the basis of the analysis of the popular travel motif of the Evenki epic hero with the use of materials of oral folk art and ideological traditions of the ethnic groups of the Far Eastern region. The motif of the Nimngakan hero’s travel is the most widespread in the epic traditions of Eastern Evenks. The motif constitutes the compositional and substantive basis of the text – the main content of Eastern Evenks’ legends describes the travels and deeds of the Evenki hero in distant lands located to the east of the place of his birth. In his travel to the land of the rising sun, the hero fights against the hostile bogatyrs of the Under World, forms mutual and kinship ties with the natives of the eastern lands. The characteristics and ethnographic details of the cultural traditions of friendly tribes differ significantly. In addition to the carriers of cattle-breeding and reindeer-breeding traditions, the hero of the Evenki epic contacts with two main ethno-tribal groups: carriers of the fishing culture and sea hunting, as well as “ancient pig breeders”. As a result of the research, it is suggested that the motif of the Evenki epic hero’s travel is a reflection of the historical processes that accompanied the development of the ethnographic complex of Evenks and related peoples of the Tungus-Manchu group in the Amur region, Manchuria and on the coast of the Sea of Okhotsk. The Tungus formed strong historical ties with the groups, which should include the ancestors of the Nivkhs and the ethno-tribal formations of the Amur region, united by the ethnonyms Sushen’ and Mohe. This research is of interest to specialists in folklore, history and ethnography, whose scholarly interests include the traditions of folklore and the history of the Tungus-Manchu peoples.


Author(s):  
А.А. Даценко

Виталий Ильич Кандыба (1943–2016) — первый и на протяжении десятилетий единственный искусствовед в Приморском крае, преподаватель истории искусств в Дальневосточном институте искусств, арт-критик, разносторонне и глубоко погруженный в художественный процесс современного ему регионального искусства. Он не только представлял художников Дальнего Востока на всероссийском и всесоюзном уровне в советскую эпоху, но и в какой-то мере указывал направление развития дальневосточного искусства. Виталий Кандыба — автор книг об истории возникновения и путях развития изобразительного искусства Приморья, Хабаровского края, Амурской области с 1860-х до 1930-х годов, об образовании и деятельности Приморской организации Союза художников России, до сих пор являющихся обязательным источником для искусствоведов, посвятивших себя изучению творчества художников региона. Тем не менее его жизнь и творчество до настоящего времени недостаточно изучены. В статье делается попытка представить очерк творческой биографии В.И. Кандыбы, дать оценку роли и значения его деятельности. Vitaly I. Kandyba (1943–2016) is the first and for decades the only art critic in Primorye, a teacher of art history at the Far Eastern Institute of Arts, versatile and deeply immersed in the artistic process of contemporary regional art. He not only represented artists of the Far East at the All-Russian and All-Union level during the Soviet period, but also to some extent indicated the direction of development of Far Eastern art. Vitaly Kandyba is the author of books about the history of the emergence and development of fine art of Primorye, Khabarovsk Krai, Amur Region from the 1860s to the 1930s, about the formation and activities of the Primorye Organization of the Union of Artists of Russia, which are still a mandatory source for art historians who have devoted themselves to studying the creativity of artists of the region. Nevertheless, his life and work have not been sufficiently studied to date. The article attempts to present an outline of the creative biography of V.I. Kandyba, to assess the role and significance of his activities.


2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 471-484
Author(s):  
V. I. Radomskaya ◽  
S. M. Radomskiy ◽  
A. S. Segrenev ◽  
S. Y. Kulik

The purpose of the introduced research is to study the environmental impact of placer gold mining. The object of the study is natural and natural-man-made geosystems of the Dzheltulak-1 river located in the Amur region. The content of the main cations and microelements in water samples was determined by atomic emission and mass spectral methods. The content of micro- and rock-forming elements in bottom sediments and soils was determined by X-ray fluorescence using XRF-1800 X-ray spectrometer (Shimadzu, Japan). The results of the conducted studies indicate that the contents of iron, manganese, copper, aluminum, vanadium, molybdenum, mercury and ammonium ions exceed commercial fishery standards in a significant part of the surface water samples. It is found out that settlement ponds negatively affect the water quality in the river Dzheltulak-1 downstream due to the dam drainage. The highest concentrations of dissolved forms of mercury were noted in the water of the settlement ponds. The gross content of arsenic in the samples of bottom sediments and soils exceeds sanitary and hygienic standards by 2.7–14.5 times. The distributions of mercury as the most dangerous pollutant among the biogenic components of geochemical landscape were worked out in detail. Mercury contamination of soils was classified according to the forms of mercury occurrence: free, physically sorbed, chemisorbed, sulfide and isomorphic. It has been shown that the free form is characteristic of fresh mercury contamination due to the use of prohibited technological schemes for gold-bearing sands separation by the amalgamation method.


2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (48) ◽  
pp. 27-27
Author(s):  
Dmitry Kolesnikov ◽  
◽  
Sergej Voyakin ◽  
Sergey Shchitov ◽  
Evgeniy Kuznetsov

Currently in the Amur region there is a gradual increase in the production of livestock products. The main limiting factor in this area is feed production. It should be noted that in the northern regions of the region, small-scale production is widely used in the framework of peasant farms. This is due to the fact that the fields in these areas suitable for sowing, as a rule, have small areas and the use of energy-rich equipment for the purpose of crop production is unprofitable. In this connection, it is advisable to engage in animal husbandry in these areas. An important component of effective production is the availability of raw materials of the required quality at the optimum cost in combination with the use of productive technologies and technical means for processing them into products with the maximum degree of compliance with the physiological needs of farm animals and poultry. Studies have shown that feed mixtures meet the requirements of the physiology of animals and poultry most fully, and, in particular, composite feed mixtures containing both high-protein components and vitamin-mineral complexes of natural origin. Thus, studies aimed at solving the problem of obtaining feed products based on raw material compositions using such a high-protein raw material available in the Amur Region as soybean seeds are important and relevant for the agricultural production of the region. The presented article presents the results of research on the production of feed products based on the use of soybean seeds. Keywords: FODDER PRODUCTION, SOYBEANS, FEEDING, YOUNG FARM ANIMALS, PREPARATION PROCESS, FEEDING AND DISPENSING DEVICE, EFFICIENCY


2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (48) ◽  
pp. 19-19
Author(s):  
Alexej Nemykin ◽  
Elena Zakharova ◽  
Evgeniya Tuaeva

Soybean cultivation is the basis of agriculture in the Amur region. The area of soybean sowing is more than 74%, which leads to repeated sowing of soybeans and does not allow to fully realize the potential of cultivated varieties. The choice of predecessors and terms of tillage will increase the efficiency of soybean production in the region. The article presents the results of field ex-periments in the production conditions of agricultural enterprises of the Amur region. Plowing of perennial grasses in the first decade of July provides the highest yield of soybeans sown after perennial grasses. 24% more than plow-ing in the first decade of August. The tillage after perennial grasses to a depth of 12-14 cm with the BDM-8 discator and to a depth of 14-16 cm with the Morris cultivator can increase soybean yields by 39 and 22%, respectively. The choice of wheat as a precursor will improve productivity indicators and achieve yields greater than when cultivated in repeated crops by 25% and by 15% for the steam predecessor. Non-moldboard loosening of the soil after wheat to a depth of 14-16 cm at the end of April contributes to an increase in the productivity of soybean plants by 17.3% more than non-moldboard loos-ening at the end of May. Keywords: SOYBEAN, PREDECESSOR, PERENNIAL GRASSES, TILLAGE, PLANT PRODUCTIVITY, YIELD


2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 431-441
Author(s):  
Stanislav Alkhasov ◽  
Sergey Ryazantsev

Amur Region (also named Amur Oblast) is a border region of Russia, characterized by socio-economic disadvantages (low standard of living, high prices) and unfavorable climatic conditions in part of the territory. Major projects in the field of construction, transportation, industrial production, fuel, and energy are being implemented in this region: the Vostochny Cosmodrome, the Amur Gas Processing Plant, etc. Territories of accelerated socioeconomic development (the Russian acronym is TOR) are being created. The regional government is making efforts to increase the investment attractiveness of the region, which is of interest to the business communities of neighboring countries. We formulate the portrait of a typical potential migrant worker who is ready to relocate to work in the Amur Region. According to the data of Internet recruitment, we show that the migration inflow prevails for the purpose of rotational basis (temporary) work. We identify the most significant donor regions, popular industries, and median salary expectations of potential migrant workers. We pay attention to the fact that the salaries of rotational basis workers are, on average, noticeably higher than the salaries of the local population: it becomes an additional factor of social tension. The incomes of rotational basis workers increase the values of regional average salaries, but in reality, this money does not remain inside Amur Region. Disproportions in the labour market are one more factor in the growth of inequality in the region, which additionally provokes the outflow of the local population from the region. Accordingly, the implementation of large-scale construction and fuel and energy projects in its current form is unable to overcome negative demographic trends, because it cannot individually solve the complex problems of socio-economic development of the Russian Amur river region. Social programs, such as «Zemsky Teacher» and «Zemsky Doctor», are not of a systematic nature. Ultimately, the social sector continues to degrade and does not receive a meaningful inflow of new highly qualified specialists (doctors, teachers, scientists, etc.) from outside.


2021 ◽  
Vol 937 (2) ◽  
pp. 022138
Author(s):  
I Kreshchenok ◽  
E Lesik (Aistova) ◽  
A Toushkin ◽  
A Toushkina

Abstract Currently, despite of the active development of agriculture and the cultivation of many species, the use of wild food plants is relevant. Ferns also belong to such plants. Eight species of edible ferns grow in the Amur Region, of which 6 species are widespread and form large thickets. The population of the Amur Region uses 4 species for food, the most common is Pteridium japonicum, rarely –Athyrium sinense, Athyrium monomachii, Dryopteris expansa. The literature data on bracken harvesting on the territory of the Amur Region from 1970 to 2019 are presented. It was revealed that the collection takes place spontaneously and unsystematically. Irrational harvesting of raw materials leads to a decrease in yield and quality of harvested products. To restore bracken thickets after collecting, a recovery period of 4-8 years is required. Schemes for the use of fern populations are proposed, taking into account the period of their recovery. For a reasonable recommendation for the use of Athyrium sinense, Athyrium monomachii, Dryopteris expansa, Onoclea interrupta, Diplazium sibiricum in food, it is necessary to conduct research on their chemical composition, nutritional value, methods of preparation and storage.


2021 ◽  
Vol 937 (3) ◽  
pp. 032115
Author(s):  
E Volkova ◽  
K Churilova ◽  
N Timchenko

Abstract The Amur region has a significant potential for non-wood plant resources: food, medicine, feed, and technology. The northern regions have a territorial advantage in the potential of forest production, where there is a low and average level of agricultural production against the background of a fairly high level of unemployment among the working-age population. Taking into account the cluster policy of the region in the implementation of the designed portfolio of pilot cluster projects, a cluster-cooperative project for the development of an agricultural consumer cooperative for the production, processing and marketing of berries, aimed at the production and production of a wide range of products using wild plants, the formation of a competitive level of price and quality that meets the demand and requirements of customers of export (international) markets, was developed. Through cooperation and integration of personal subsidiary farms within the framework of the project, it is planned to create a single logistics center of the cluster for managing commodity flows of products, ensuring product quality, and organizing certification of products for export. The project is fully integrated into the structure of the organizational and functional mechanism of the agro-industrial cluster of the Amur region, providing support for the project at all stages from the initial stage of project formation to the release of products for export. It is assumed that the implementation of the developed cluster-cooperative project will form the basis for the rational use of non-wood forest resources in the region and will serve not only as a source of income for the local population, the consolidation of permanent personnel in forestry, the development of small and medium-sized businesses, and will also contribute to increasing the productivity of forest plantations.


2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 253-273
Author(s):  
A. Yu. Popova ◽  
V. S. Smirnov ◽  
E. B. Ezhlova ◽  
A. A. Melnikova ◽  
O. E. Trotsenko ◽  
...  

The aim: to study the structure and dynamics of population immunity to SARSCoV-2 of the population of the Southern Regions of the Far East (SRFE): Khabarovsk, Primorsky Krai and Amur Region during the COVID-19 epidemic in 2020.Materials and methods. The work was carried out according to the program for assessing population immunity to SARS -CoV-2 of the population of the Russian Federation according to the methodology developed by the Rospotrebnadzor with the  participation of the St.  Petersburg Pasteur Institute. The study was approved by  the  ethical committee of the St.  Petersburg Pasteur Institute. The selection of participants was carried out by a questionnaire method using cloud technologies. The  volunteers were randomized by age by stratification into 7  age groups: 1–17, 18–29, 30–39, 40–49, 50–59, 60–69, 70+ years old. Territorial randomization consisted in limiting the engaging of volunteers – no more than 30 people from one enterprise. After the initial cross-sectional study, a 3-stage seromonitoring was carried out, in which the same volunteers participated. Antibodies to the SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid were determined in peripheral blood serum by the enzyme immunoassay using an appropriate set of reagents produced by the State Scientific Center for Medical and Biological Sciences of the Rospotrebnadzor (Obolensk). Statistical analysis was performed using the Excel package. The confidence interval for the proportion was calculated using the A. Wald, J. Wolfowitz method with A. Agresti, B.A. Coull’s correction. The statistical significance of the differences was calculated online using a specialized calculator. The statistical significance of the differences was assessed with a probability of p˂ 0.05, unless otherwise indicated.Results. In a comparative analysis, the highest morbidity was observed in the Khabarovsk Territory, the lowest – in the Primorsky Territory. The level of seroprevalence among the population of the region was 19.6 % (95 % CI: 18.2–21.1) in  the  Khabarovsk Territory, 19.6  % (95  %  CI: 18.1–21.2) in the Primorsky Territory19,6 % and 45,5 % (95 % CI: 43.7–47.3) in the Amur region. The highest seroprevalence was noted among 1–17 years old children, mainly due to the subgroup of 14–17-years-olds. The smallest proportion of seropositive was found among 40–49-year-olds in the Khabarovsk Territory (14.7 %, 95 % CI: 11.2–18.6), 18–28-yearolds in the Primorsky Territory (13.3 %, 95 % CI: 10.0–17.1) and 30–39-year-olds in the Amur Region (36.3  %, 95%  CI:  31.7–41.6). No statistically significant dependence of  seroprevalence on territorial and occupational factors has been established, with the exception of an increase in the proportion of seropositive medical workers in Primorsky Territory. In the process of 3-stage seromonitoring, a regular increase in the proportion of seropositive people was revealed in all SRFE. The resulting tendency is correctly described by a second-order polynomial. A relationship was revealed between the number of convalescents and persons in contact with them, which made it possible to calculate the base reproductive number (R0) in the range from 1.4 (Primorsky Territory) to 2.4 (Amur Region). Analysis of seroprevalent volunteers showed that the number of asymptomatic individuals varied from 94.1 % (95 % CI: 92.8–95.3) to 98.3 % (95 % CI: 98.8–99.2). This indicates that most of the volunteers had COVID-19 asymptomatically.Conclusions. A comparative study showed the prevalence of seroprevalence in the Amur Region compared with the Khabarovsk and Primorsky Territories. The relationship between the number of convalescents and persons in contact with them was noted. The value of the base R0 is calculated. It has been shown that more than 90 % of seropositive individuals in the COVID-10 SRFE were asymptomatic.


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