Role of Inflammasome Activation in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Are Innate Immune Cells Activated?

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune rheumatic disease with varied presentation and a disease course characterized by remission and flares. Over the last 50 years the prognosis of SLE has improved considerably. The introductions of corticosteroids and later of cytotoxic drugs, dialysis, and renal transplantation were the major contributors to this improvement. Nevertheless, the treatment and general management of lupus continues to present a challenge. While lupus may, for some patients, represent a relatively mild set of problems, many others require large doses of immunosuppressive drugs, which carry long-term concerns about side effects. New immunotherapeutic drugs, with actions more closely targeted to the immune cells and molecules involved in the pathogenesis of SLE, are being introduced and the future looks promising. The role of early atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease as a cause of death in patients with SLE is increasingly recognized and will present further challenges in the future.

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Expression and Functional Role of HLA-G in Immune Cells from Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Journal of Clinical Immunology ◽

10.1007/s10875-010-9496-0 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 31 (3) ◽

pp. 369-378 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Adriana Elizabeth Monsiváis-Urenda ◽

Lourdes Baranda ◽

Crisol Alvarez-Quiroga ◽

Carlos Abud-Mendoza ◽

Roberto González-Amaro

Keyword(s):

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽

Immune Cells ◽

Lupus Erythematosus ◽

Functional Role ◽

Systemic Lupus

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The innate immune system in human systemic lupus erythematosus

Clinical Science ◽

10.1042/cs20160415 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 131 (8) ◽

pp. 625-634 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Marc Weidenbusch ◽

Onkar P. Kulkarni ◽

Hans-Joachim Anders

Keyword(s):

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽

Immune System ◽

Lupus Erythematosus ◽

Innate Immune System ◽

Innate Immune ◽

Type I ◽

Human Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽

Systemic Lupus ◽

Adaptive Immune

Although the role of adaptive immune mechanisms, e.g. autoantibody formation and abnormal T-cell activation, has been long noted in the pathogenesis of human systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), the role of innate immunity has been less well characterized. An intricate interplay between both innate and adaptive immune elements exists in protective anti-infective immunity as well as in detrimental autoimmunity. More recently, it has become clear that the innate immune system in this regard not only starts inflammation cascades in SLE leading to disease flares, but also continues to fuel adaptive immune responses throughout the course of the disease. This is why targeting the innate immune system offers an additional means of treating SLE. First trials assessing the efficacy of anti-type I interferon (IFN) therapy or modulators of pattern recognition receptor (PRR) signalling have been attempted. In this review, we summarize the available evidence on the role of several distinct innate immune elements, especially neutrophils and dendritic cells as well as the IFN system, as well as specific innate PRRs along with their signalling pathways. Finally, we highlight recent clinical trials in SLE addressing one or more of the aforementioned components of the innate immune system.

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Systemic lupus erythematosus—management

Oxford Textbook of Rheumatology ◽

10.1093/med/9780199642489.003.0118_update_005 ◽

2013 ◽

pp. 938-947

Author(s):

Ida Dzifa Dey ◽

David Isenberg

Keyword(s):

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽

Immune Cells ◽

Lupus Erythematosus ◽

Immunosuppressive Drugs ◽

Systemic Lupus ◽

General Management ◽

Autoimmune Rheumatic Disease ◽

The Future

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune rheumatic disease with varied presentation and a disease course characterized by remission and flares. Over the last 50 years the prognosis of SLE has improved considerably. The introductions of corticosteroids and later of cytotoxic drugs, dialysis, and renal transplantation were the major contributors to this improvement. Nevertheless, the treatment and general management of lupus continues to present a challenge. While lupus may, for some patients, represent a relatively mild set of problems, many others require large doses of immunosuppressive drugs, which carry long-term concerns about side effects. New immunotherapeutic drugs, with actions more closely targeted to the immune cells and molecules involved in the pathogenesis of SLE, are being introduced and the future looks promising. The role of early atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease as a cause of death in patients with SLE is increasingly recognized and will present further challenges in the future.

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Beyond Fat Mass: Exploring the Role of Adipokines in Rheumatic Diseases

The Scientific World JOURNAL ◽

10.1100/2011/290142 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 11 ◽

pp. 1932-1947 ◽

Cited By ~ 43

Author(s):

Morena Scotece ◽

Javier Conde ◽

Rodolfo Gómez ◽

Veronica López ◽

Francisca Lago ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽

Adipose Tissue ◽

Rheumatic Diseases ◽

White Adipose Tissue ◽

Immune Cells ◽

Lupus Erythematosus ◽

Systemic Lupus ◽

Novel Concept

The cloning of leptin in 1994 by Zhang et al. introduced a novel concept about white adipose tissue (WAT) as a very dynamic organ that releases a plethora of immune and inflammatory mediators, such as adipokines and cytokines, which are involved in multiple diseases. Actually, adipokines exert potent modulatory actions on target tissues involved in rheumatic diseases including cartilage, synovial, bone and immune cells. The goal of this paper is to elucidate the recent findings concerning the involvement of adipokines in rheumatic diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA), osteoarthritis (OA), and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).

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Intestinal macrophages in mucosal immunity and their role in systemic lupus erythematosus disease

Lupus ◽

10.1177/0961203318797417 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 27 (12) ◽

pp. 1898-1902 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

F Pan ◽

W Tang ◽

Z Zhou ◽

G Gilkeson ◽

R Lang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽

Immune Responses ◽

Lupus Erythematosus ◽

Inflammatory Responses ◽

Innate Immune ◽

Innate Immune Responses ◽

Systemic Lupus ◽

Innate Immune Signaling ◽

Immune Signaling Pathway

Monocytes play an important role in inducing host systemic immunity against invading pathogens and inflammatory responses. After activation, monocytes migrate to tissue sites, where they initiate both innate and adaptive immune responses, and become macrophages. Although mucosal macrophages produce inflammatory cytokines in response to pathogens, the perturbations in innate immune signaling pathway have been implicated in autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). In this review, we focus on the role of human macrophages in intestinal innate immune responses, homeostasis, and SLE disease. We further discuss sex differences in the intestinal macrophages and their role in the physiology and pathogenesis of SLE.

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