Palm oil mill effluent (POME) as raw material for biohydrogen and methane production via dark fermentation

2018 ◽  
Vol 92 ◽  
pp. 676-684 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro N. Garritano ◽  
Mariana de Oliveira Faber ◽  
Lívian R.V. De Sá ◽  
Viridiana S. Ferreira-Leitão
2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Negisa Darajeh ◽  
Azni Idris ◽  
Paul Truong ◽  
Astimar Abdul Aziz ◽  
Rosenani Abu Bakar ◽  
...  

Palm oil mill effluent (POME), a pollutant produced by the palm oil industry, was treated by the Vetiver system technology (VST). This technology was applied for the first time to treat POME in order to decrease biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and chemical oxygen demand (COD). In this study, two different concentrations of POME (low and high) were treated with Vetiver plants for 2 weeks. The results showed that Vetiver was able to reduce the BOD up to 90% in low concentration POME and 60% in high concentration POME, while control sets (without plant) only was able to reduce 15% of BOD. The COD reduction was 94% in low concentration POME and 39% in high concentration POME, while control just shows reduction of 12%. Morphologically, maximum root and shoot lengths were 70 cm, the number of tillers and leaves was 344 and 86, and biomass production was 4.1 kg m−2. These results showed that VST was effective in reducing BOD and COD in POME. The treatment in low concentration was superior to the high concentration. Furthermore, biomass of plant can be considered as a promising raw material for biofuel production while high amount of biomass was generated in low concentration of POME.


2016 ◽  
Vol 41 (37) ◽  
pp. 16373-16384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadia Farhana Azman ◽  
Peyman Abdeshahian ◽  
Najeeb Kaid Nasser Al-Shorgani ◽  
Aidil Abdul Hamid ◽  
Mohd Sahaid Kalil

Author(s):  
Anwar Ahmad ◽  
Rumana Ghufran ◽  
Zularisam Abd. Wahid

Palm oil Mill Effluent (POME) with concentrated butyrate was treated in a 4.5 l upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor (UASBR), run over a range of influent concentrations (16.5–46.0 g-COD l−1), chemical oxygen demand (COD) loading rates (1.5–11.5 g-CODl−1d−1) and 11–4 days hydraulic retention time (HRT) at 37 °C by maintaining pH between 6.5–7.5. The process consistently removed 97–99% of COD at loading rates up to 1.5–4.8 g-COD l−1d−1 by varying HRT (11–7.2 days). Butyrate is an important intermediate in the anaerobic degradation of organic matter. In sulphate-depleted environment, butyrate in POME (BOD/COD ratio of 0.5) is β-oxidised to acetate and hydrogen, by obligate proton reducers in syntrophic association with hydrogen utilizing methanogens. The conversion of acetate to methane appeared to be rate limiting step. Maximum biogas (20.17 ll−1d−1) and methane production (16.2 ll−1d−1) were obtained at COD loading rate of 4.80 gl−1d−1and HRT of 7.2 days. The biogas and methane production were higher in the presence of butyrate compared to control. The methane content of the biogas was in the range of 70–80% throughout the study while in control it was 60–65%. Finding of this study clearly indicates the successful treatment of POME with butyrate in UASBR. Santrauka Palmių aliejaus gamybinės nuotekos (POME) su koncentruotu butiratu buvo apdorotos 4,5 l talpos aukštyn tekančio aerobinio dumblo plokšteliniame reaktoriuje (UASBR). Nuotekos tekėjo įvairių koncentracijų (16,5–46,0 g – ChDS 1−1), cheminio deguonies suvartojimo (ChDS) normos (1,5–11,5 g – ChDS 1−1d.−1). Hidraulinio sulaikymo trukmė (HRT) nuo 11 iki 4 dienų, kai temperatūra 37 °C, pH palaikant 6,5–7,5. Vykstant procesui nuolat buvo pašalinama 97–99% ChD, kai tiekimo ir pakrovimo sparta 1,5–4,8 g – ChDS 1−1d.−1 kintant HRT(11–7,2 d.). Butiratas yra svarbus tarpininkas organinių medžiagų anaerobinio skilimo procese. Sulfatas iš aplinkos, butiratas iš POME (BDS/ChDS santykis 0,5) yra acetato ir vandenilio β oksidatoriai, priverčiantys protonų reducentus sintrofinės sąveikos su vandeniliu metu utilizuoti metanogenus. Acetato virtimas metanu pasirodė esąs greitį ribojantis veiksnys. Daugiausia biodujų (20,17 l 1−1 d.−1) ir metano (16,2 l 1−1 d.−1) susidarė tada, kai suvartojamo ChD tiekimo greitis buvo 4,80 g 1−1d.−1, o HRT – 7,2 dienos. Daugiau biodujų ir metano susidarė dalyvaujant butiratui, palyginti su kontroliniu pavyzdžiu. Biodujose metano kiekis tyrimo metu svyravo 70–80%, o kontroliniame buvo 60–65%. Šis tyrimas aiškiai parodė, kad POME su butiratu UASBreaktoriuje apdorojamas sėkmingai.


2020 ◽  
pp. 0958305X2092312
Author(s):  
Anwar Ahmad ◽  
Salam S AlDawey ◽  
SS Reddy

Experimental study of the anaerobic digestion of palm oil mill effluent (POME) was carried out in an anaerobic upflow sludge blanket reactor (UASBR) with bauxite residue. The production rate of methane 114 L/gCOD/d and CH4 concentration was 205 L gCOD/d at 8.5 g/L of bauxite residue in UASBR. The results showed that the highest methane yield was 37.5 L gCODadded/h; CO2 reduction 1.5 L gCODadded and chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal reached 98.3% at 8.5 g/L of bauxite residue, respectively. The results the best by the modified kinetic model and Umax was 100 mg/L. The kinetic of methane production was also studied. The methane yield coefficient, YM, was 0.69 L CH4/gCODremoved. Anaerobic digestion of acetate was the dominant soluble metabolites in development and specific methanogenic activity results showed that high observed between stoichiometric and experimental higher methane production.


2021 ◽  
Vol 317 ◽  
pp. 04031
Author(s):  
Tiyo Agung Pambudi ◽  
Hadiyanto ◽  
Sri Widodo Agung Suedy

POME or palm oil mill effluent is currently still a waste problem that has not been utilized optimally. POME waste has the potential for renewable energy in the form of biogas, but some research results have shown that production is not optimal, so the addition of cow dung needs to be done to increase biogas production because methanogen bacteria found in cow dung help to maximize the anaerobic fermentation process and methane production. This research was conducted to determine the potential for biogas production from a mixture of POME and cow dung for 25 days by conducting a study of the biogas production process. The results of this study indicate that the biogas pressure increases with the addition of the loading rate, which is 101.102 N/m2/day to 101.107 N/m2/day with a daily biogas production of 0, 24247 liters/day with a total accumulation of biogas production for 25 days of 6.1 liters.


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