Laser-induced plasma analysis of copper alloys based on Local Thermodynamic Equilibrium: An alternative approach to plasma temperature determination and archeometric applications

2012 ◽  
Vol 74-75 ◽  
pp. 38-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Gaudiuso ◽  
M. Dell'Aglio ◽  
O. De Pascale ◽  
A. Santagata ◽  
A. De Giacomo
Keyword(s):  
Thermodynamic Equilibrium ◽  
Local Thermodynamic Equilibrium ◽  
Copper Alloys ◽  
Plasma Temperature ◽  
Plasma Analysis ◽  
Laser Induced Plasma ◽  
Temperature Determination ◽  
Alternative Approach

Investigation of the State of Local Thermodynamic Equilibrium of a Laser-Produced Aluminum Plasma

2005 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 529-536 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olivier Barthélemy ◽  
Joëlle Margot ◽  
Stéphane Laville ◽  
François Vidal ◽  
Mohamed Chaker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Excited States ◽  
Thermodynamic Equilibrium ◽  
Local Thermodynamic Equilibrium ◽  
Short Pulse ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Laser Induced Plasma ◽  
Laser Systems ◽  
Aluminum Plasma ◽  
Long Pulse ◽  
Xecl Excimer Laser

In this work, the assumption of local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE) for a laser-induced plasma in ambient air is examined experimentally using two different laser systems, namely an infrared short-pulse Ti:Sapphire laser and an ultraviolet long-pulse XeCl excimer laser. The LTE assumption is investigated by examining the plasma produced at a laser fluence of 10 J/cm2 from aluminum targets containing iron and magnesium impurities. The excitation temperature is deduced from Boltzmann diagrams built from a large number of spatially integrated neutral iron lines distributed from 3.21 to 6.56 eV. It is shown that at any time after the end of the laser pulse, the neutral excited states are in excellent Boltzmann equilibrium. Detailed investigation of Boltzmann equilibrium further validates previous temperature measurements using less accurate diagrams. However, observations of ion lines provide some evidence that the ionized species do not obey Saha equilibrium, thereby indicating departure from LTE. This could be explained by the fact that the plasma cannot be considered as stationary for these species.

Spatially and temporally resolved evaluation for local thermodynamic equilibrium of laser-induced plasma diagnosed by optical emission spectroscopy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zelin Liu ◽  
Guomin Zhao ◽  
Chuan Guo ◽  
Lei Chen ◽  
Minsun Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Distribution Function ◽  
Energy Distribution ◽  
Thermodynamic Equilibrium ◽  
Analytical Method ◽  
Electron Energy Distribution Function ◽  
Emission Spectroscopy ◽  
Optical Emission Spectroscopy ◽  
Local Thermodynamic Equilibrium ◽  
Optical Emission ◽  
Laser Induced Plasma

An analytical method to validate local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE) in laser-induced plasmas is reported in this article. A more universal and general than Maxwellian electron energy distribution function (EEDF) is...

scholarly journals Local thermodynamic equilibrium in a laser-induced plasma channel formed by interaction of femtosecond laser radiation with argon

2021 ◽  
Vol 2131 (5) ◽  
pp. 052090
Author(s):  
D A Kochuev ◽  
A F Galkin ◽  
A S Chernikov ◽  
R V Chkalov ◽  
A A Voznesenskaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laser Radiation ◽  
Femtosecond Laser ◽  
Thermodynamic Equilibrium ◽  
Local Thermodynamic Equilibrium ◽  
Plasma Channel ◽  
Necessary Condition ◽  
Femtosecond Laser Radiation ◽  
Free Electrons ◽  
Saha Equation ◽  
Laser Induced Plasma

Abstract In this paper, we estimate the possibility of applying local thermodynamic equilibrium conditions for a laser-induced plasma channel formed by femtosecond laser radiation in an argon medium at different pressures. The presence of a local thermodynamic equilibrium was determined on the basis of the time of heat exchange of electrons with argon atoms. The Saha equation is used to estimate the concentration of free electrons, the temperature of the laser-induced plasma channel, and its conductivity. A necessary condition for using this ratio was the presence of a state of local thermodynamic equilibrium in the plasma under study.

Blackbody Radiation, Boltzmann Statistics, Temperature, and Thermodynamic Equilibrium

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly Chance ◽  
Randall V. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Thermodynamic Equilibrium ◽  
Local Thermodynamic Equilibrium ◽  
Photophysical Properties ◽  
Blackbody Radiation ◽  
Boltzmann Constant ◽  
Noise Sources ◽  
Atmospheric Molecules ◽  
Tightly Coupled ◽  
Boltzmann Statistics ◽  
Planck’S Law

Blackbody radiation, temperature, and thermodynamic equilibrium give a tightly coupled description of systems (atmospheres, volumes, surfaces) that obey Boltzmann statistics. They provide descriptions of systems when Boltzmann statistics apply, either approximately or nearly exactly. These apply most of the time in the Earth’s stratosphere and troposphere, and in other planetary atmospheres as long as the density is sufficient that collisions among atmospheric molecules, rather than photochemical and photophysical properties, determine the energy populations of the ensemble of molecules. Thermodynamic equilibrium and the approximation of local thermodynamic equilibrium are introduced. Boltzmann statistics, blackbody radiation, and Planck’s law are described. The chapter introduces the Rayleigh-Jeans limit, description of noise sources as temperatures, Kirchoff’s law, the Stefan-Boltzmann constant, and Wien’s law.

Diagnosing Fe Plasma In Non-Local Thermodynamic Equilibrium

2013 ◽  
Vol 82 (2) ◽  
pp. 024501
Author(s):  
Xiao-Ying Han ◽  
Fei-Lu Wang ◽  
Ze-Qing Wu ◽  
Jun Yan ◽  
Gang Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Thermodynamic Equilibrium ◽  
Local Thermodynamic Equilibrium ◽  
Non Local
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