scholarly journals Differences in leaf functional traits and allelopathic effects on seed germination and growth of Lactuca sativa between red and green leaves of Rhus typhina

2017 ◽  
Vol 111 ◽  
pp. 17-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Wang ◽  
J. Zhou ◽  
K. Jiang ◽  
J. Liu
Weed Science ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 757-761 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nagi Reddy Achhireddy ◽  
Megh Singh

Allelopathic effects of lantana (Lantana camaraL. ♯3LANCA) residues (root, shoot), foliar leachates, and the soil (where lantana was grown) on milkweedvine (Morrenia odorataLindl. ♯3MONOD) seed germination and growth over a 30-day period were examined. Foliar leachates or the soil collected from the field where lantana had been growing had no effect on the final germination percentage or the seedling growth of milkweedvine. Incorporation of dried lantana shoot or root material into soil had no effect on the final percentage germination but caused significant reductions in milkweedvine growth over a 30-day test period. Roots were more inhibitory than shoots. Fifty percent of milkweedvine seedlings died within 15 days after germination at 1% (w/w) dried lantana root incorporation into the soil, and higher concentrations increased seedling death. Lantana roots incorporated into the soil produced foliar symptoms such as wilting and desiccation, whereas lantana shoots incorporated into the soil produced yellowing of the foliage of milkweedvine. Allelopathic activity of lantana residues was still strong even after decomposition of lantana residues for 4 weeks prior to the planting of milkweedvine seeds.


Author(s):  
Ykaro Richard Oliveira ◽  
Paulo Henrique da Silva ◽  
Maria Carolina de Abreu ◽  
Cledinaldo Borges Leal ◽  
Lauana Pereira de Oliveira

O objetivo deste artigo foi realizar uma pesquisa de caráter bibliográfico acerca dos estudos desenvolvidos com representantes da família Fabaceae e destacar quais efeitos alelopáticos tais espécies desempenharam sobre outras plantas. Foram listadas 24 espécies de Fabaceae, sendo o gênero Anadenanthera o mais representativo neste artigo, com três espécies estudadas. A partir da análise dos arquivos, foi evidenciado que os representantes da família Fabaceae investigados apresentam em sua composição química substâncias responsáveis por gerar um efeito alelopático sobre outras espécies, caracterizando, dessa forma, uma função ecológica desses vegetais para a constituição dos ecossistemas em que se incluem. Além disso, tal característica pode despontar uma provável utilização desses seres no controle de plantas daninhas, que representam um grande problema para os agricultores. Também foram percebidos com maior frequência estudos voltados ao uso de bioensaios laboratoriais com o uso da espécie Lactuca sativa, noticiando a carência de estudos mais complexos sobre a ação dos aleloquímicos, quando lançados em condições naturais no ambiente.   Palavras-chave: Aleloquímicos. Germinação de Sementes. Leguminosae.   Abstract The objective of this paper was to perform a bibliographic research about the studies carried out with representatives of the Fabaceae family and stress out what  allelopathic effects such species develop on other plants. Twenty-four Fabaceae species were listed, being the Anadenanthera genus the most representative in this article, with three species studied. It was noticed in the studies analysis that certain Fabaceae species contain  in their chemical composition, substances responsible for an allelopathic effect on other species, characterizing an ecological role of these plants for the  ecosystems establishment. This feature can suggest the use of these species in weed control, which represent a problem to farmers. It was seen more often studies focused on the use of laboratory bioassays with Lactuca sativa, reporting the lack of more complex studies on the action of allelochemicals when launched in natural conditions in the environment. Keywords: Allelochemicals. Seed Germination. Leguminosae.


2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 48-58
Author(s):  
Dulguun Iderkhurts ◽  
Amarsanaa Badgaa ◽  
Altanzaya Tovuu ◽  
Enkhchimeg Vanjildorj

This is very important to use environmentally friendly and low-toxicity salt preparations for urban greenery to melt snow and ice. In this experiment, we selected lettuce (Lactuca sativa) that represents a salt-sensitive plant is grown in urban green areas. The effects of salt stress on the morphology and physiology of lettuce were determined by using of different compositions and concentrations of salt preparations for winter road snowmelt. NaCl-based salt preparations with concentrations ranging from 0 to 450 mM, NaCl: CaCl2 (50:50), NaCl: HCOONa (50:50), and NaCl: HCOONa: CaCl2 (50:25:25) were used. As a result, it is important for us to determine the type and concentration of road snowmelt salt preparations that have the least negative impact on urban greenery. According to the results of the study, salt preparation in the ratio of NaCl: CaCl2 (50:50) inhibited seed germination and growth, and the plants were the first to be exposed to stress. When using a salt preparation containing NaCl: HCOONa (50:50), stress-prone characters’ indicators of stress, such as growth retardation, stunted growth and withering, were relatively low. If salt preparations 1 and 3 are used for snowmelt, the concentration should not exceed 100-150 mM, and if preparation 2 is used, the concentration should not exceed 250 mM for having the adverse effects on salt-sensitive plants growing on urban greenery. Давсанд мэдрэг ургамлын морфологи, физиологийн зарим үзүүлэлтэд давсны бэлдмэлийн үзүүлэх нөлөө Байгаль орчинд ээлтэй, хотын ногоон байгууламжийн ургамалд хоруу чанар багатай бэлдмэлийг хот суурин газрын цас хайлуулах зорилгоор ашиглах зайлшгүй шаардлага тулгараад байна. Энэхүү туршилтад бид хотын ногоон байгууламжид тарьдаг давсанд мэдрэг ургамлын төлөөлөл болох нийлмэл цэцэгтний овгийн навчит байцаа (Lactuca sativa) –г сонгон авч өвөл замын цас хайлуулах зориулалтаар хийгдсэн ялгаатай найрлага болон концентраци бүхий давсны бэлдмэлүүдээр үйлчлэн давсны стресс ногоон байгууламжийн ургамлын морфологи, физиологит хэрхэн нөлөөлж байгааг тодорхойлов. Судалгаанд NaCl суурьтай ч 0-450 мМ хүртлэх концентрацитай, NaCl:CaCl2 (50:50), NaCl:HCOONa (50:50), болон NaCl:HCOONa:CaCl2 (50:25:25) найрлагын агууламжаар ялгаатай давсны уусмалуудыг ашиглав.Энэхүү судалгааны үр дүнд бид хотын ногоон байгууламжийн ургамалд сөрөг нөлөө багатай замын цас хайлуулах давсны төрөл, концентрацийг тогтоох ач холбогдолтой. Судалгааны үр дүнгээс харахад NaCl:CaCl2 (50:50) харьцаатай давс нь үрийн соёололт, өсөлтийг дарангуйлж ургамал стрессд хамгийн түрүүлж өртөж байсан бол ялангуяа,  NaCl:HCOONa (50:50) найрлагатай давсны уусмалаар үйлчлэхэд навчит байцааны морфологи (үндэсний урт, ишний урт, навчны хуурай жин) болон физиологийн (үрийн ус шингээх эрчим, үрийн соёололт, хлорофиллын агууламж) үзүүлэлтүүдэд стрессийн шинж тэмдгүүд болох өсөлт, хөгжилт удаашрах, гандах байдал харьцангуй бага илэрлээ. Хэрэв бэлдмэл 1 ба 3-ыг цас хайлуулахад ашиглах тохиолдолд концентрацийг 100-150 мМ-иос хэтрүүлэхгүй байх, бэлдмэл 2-ыг 250 мМ-иос хэтрүүлэхгүй байвал давсанд мэдрэг ургамалд үзүүлэх сөрөг нөлөө бага байж болно.  Түлхүүр үгс: Навчит байцаа , давсны стресс, морфологи болон физиологийн үзүүлэлт, хоруу чанар багатай давсны бэлдмэл


2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 155-163
Author(s):  
Mei Wei ◽  
Shu Wang ◽  
Bing-de Wu ◽  
Kun Jiang ◽  
Jia-wei Zhou ◽  
...  

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