scholarly journals Effect of salt preparations on some features of morphology and physiology of salt sensitive plant

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 48-58
Author(s):  
Dulguun Iderkhurts ◽  
Amarsanaa Badgaa ◽  
Altanzaya Tovuu ◽  
Enkhchimeg Vanjildorj
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Lactuca Sativa ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Stunted Growth ◽  
Urban Greenery ◽  
Green Areas ◽  
Low Toxicity ◽  
Winter Road ◽  
Germination And Growth

This is very important to use environmentally friendly and low-toxicity salt preparations for urban greenery to melt snow and ice. In this experiment, we selected lettuce (Lactuca sativa) that represents a salt-sensitive plant is grown in urban green areas. The effects of salt stress on the morphology and physiology of lettuce were determined by using of different compositions and concentrations of salt preparations for winter road snowmelt. NaCl-based salt preparations with concentrations ranging from 0 to 450 mM, NaCl: CaCl2 (50:50), NaCl: HCOONa (50:50), and NaCl: HCOONa: CaCl2 (50:25:25) were used. As a result, it is important for us to determine the type and concentration of road snowmelt salt preparations that have the least negative impact on urban greenery. According to the results of the study, salt preparation in the ratio of NaCl: CaCl2 (50:50) inhibited seed germination and growth, and the plants were the first to be exposed to stress. When using a salt preparation containing NaCl: HCOONa (50:50), stress-prone characters’ indicators of stress, such as growth retardation, stunted growth and withering, were relatively low. If salt preparations 1 and 3 are used for snowmelt, the concentration should not exceed 100-150 mM, and if preparation 2 is used, the concentration should not exceed 250 mM for having the adverse effects on salt-sensitive plants growing on urban greenery. Давсанд мэдрэг ургамлын морфологи, физиологийн зарим үзүүлэлтэд давсны бэлдмэлийн үзүүлэх нөлөө Байгаль орчинд ээлтэй, хотын ногоон байгууламжийн ургамалд хоруу чанар багатай бэлдмэлийг хот суурин газрын цас хайлуулах зорилгоор ашиглах зайлшгүй шаардлага тулгараад байна. Энэхүү туршилтад бид хотын ногоон байгууламжид тарьдаг давсанд мэдрэг ургамлын төлөөлөл болох нийлмэл цэцэгтний овгийн навчит байцаа (Lactuca sativa) –г сонгон авч өвөл замын цас хайлуулах зориулалтаар хийгдсэн ялгаатай найрлага болон концентраци бүхий давсны бэлдмэлүүдээр үйлчлэн давсны стресс ногоон байгууламжийн ургамлын морфологи, физиологит хэрхэн нөлөөлж байгааг тодорхойлов. Судалгаанд NaCl суурьтай ч 0-450 мМ хүртлэх концентрацитай, NaCl:CaCl2 (50:50), NaCl:HCOONa (50:50), болон NaCl:HCOONa:CaCl2 (50:25:25) найрлагын агууламжаар ялгаатай давсны уусмалуудыг ашиглав.Энэхүү судалгааны үр дүнд бид хотын ногоон байгууламжийн ургамалд сөрөг нөлөө багатай замын цас хайлуулах давсны төрөл, концентрацийг тогтоох ач холбогдолтой. Судалгааны үр дүнгээс харахад NaCl:CaCl2 (50:50) харьцаатай давс нь үрийн соёололт, өсөлтийг дарангуйлж ургамал стрессд хамгийн түрүүлж өртөж байсан бол ялангуяа,  NaCl:HCOONa (50:50) найрлагатай давсны уусмалаар үйлчлэхэд навчит байцааны морфологи (үндэсний урт, ишний урт, навчны хуурай жин) болон физиологийн (үрийн ус шингээх эрчим, үрийн соёололт, хлорофиллын агууламж) үзүүлэлтүүдэд стрессийн шинж тэмдгүүд болох өсөлт, хөгжилт удаашрах, гандах байдал харьцангуй бага илэрлээ. Хэрэв бэлдмэл 1 ба 3-ыг цас хайлуулахад ашиглах тохиолдолд концентрацийг 100-150 мМ-иос хэтрүүлэхгүй байх, бэлдмэл 2-ыг 250 мМ-иос хэтрүүлэхгүй байвал давсанд мэдрэг ургамалд үзүүлэх сөрөг нөлөө бага байж болно.  Түлхүүр үгс: Навчит байцаа , давсны стресс, морфологи болон физиологийн үзүүлэлт, хоруу чанар багатай давсны бэлдмэл

scholarly journals Inducing salt tolerance in sweet corn by magnetic priming

2017 ◽  
Vol 109 (1) ◽  
pp. 89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soheil Karimi ◽  
Saeid ESHGHI ◽  
Saeid KARIMI ◽  
Saman HASAN-NEZHADIAN
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Nacl Stress ◽  
Proline Accumulation ◽  
Membrane Thermostability ◽  
Germination And Growth ◽  
Magnetic Priming

<p>This study evaluates seed germination and growth of sweet corn under NaCl stress (0, 50, and 100 mM), after exposing the seeds to weak (15 mT) or strong (150 mT) magnetic fields (MF) for different durations (0, 6, 12, and 24 hours). Salinity reduced seed germination and plant growth. MF treatments enhanced rate and percentage of germination and improved plant growth, regardless of salinity. Higher germination rate was obtained by the stronger MF, however, the seedling were more vigorous after priming with 15 mT MF. Proline accumulation was observed in parallel with the loss of plant water content under 100 mM NaCl stress. MF prevented proline accumulation by improving water absorption. Positive correlation between H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> accumulation and membrane thermostability (MTI) was found after MF treatments, which revealed that MF primed the plant for salinity by H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> signaling. However, over-accumulation of H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> after prolonged MF exposure adversely affected MTI under severe salt stress. In conclusion, magnetic priming for 6 hours was suggested for enhancing germination and growth of sweet corn under salt stress.</p>

scholarly journals Salinity types and level-based effects on the growth, physiology and nutrient contents of maize (Zea mays)

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 199-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haroon Shahzad ◽  
Sami Ullah ◽  
Muhammad Iqbal ◽  
Hafiz Muhammad Bilal ◽  
Ghulam Mustafa Shah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Sodium Salt ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Maize Plant ◽  
High Accumulation ◽  
Nutrient Contents ◽  
Growth Physiology ◽  
Climatic Regions

Salinity is a devastating problem of arid and semi-arid climatic regions with uneven salt accumulation which hinders growth and development of crops. The deleterious effects of salinity mainly depend on level and source of salinity. We hypothesized that types of sodium salt (NaCl and Na2SO4) might cause variable toxicity in maize (Zea mays L.) plants. The objective of the present study was to compare the effect of different types of sodium salt (NaCl and Na2SO4), each at EC 5 and 10 dS m–1 on growth, physiology and nutrient contents of maize plant grown in earthen pots under wire house conditions. Results revealed toxic effects of salt stress on seed germination, root and shoot growth and biomass. Maize physiology in terms of sub-stomatal CO2 index, chlorophyll and relative water contents, photosynthetic and transpiration rate also reduced under salt stress. Among the types of salt and levels of salinity, NaCl applied at the rate of 10 dS m–1 caused the highest reduction in seed germination, growth and physiology due to high accumulation of Na and Cl ions whereas low in K ion in maize plant tissues. Based on the findings, we do conclude that NaCl applied at the rate of 10 dS m–1 has more negative impact on maize growth and nutrient acquisition than Na2SO4 at same level of salinity.

scholarly journals Tolerance of crambe (Crambe abyssinica Hochst) to salinity and water stress during seed germination and initial seedling growth

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martha Freire da Silva ◽  
Eduardo Fontes Araújo ◽  
Laércio Junio da Silva ◽  
Hugo Tiago Ribeiro Amaro ◽  
Luiz Antônio dos Santos Dias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Arid Environments ◽  
Crambe Abyssinica ◽  
Root And Shoot Length ◽  
Early Seedling ◽  
Base Water Potential ◽  
Germination And Growth

ABSTRACT Crambe is an oilseed plant whose oil is suitable for various industrial purposes, such as production of biodiesel, plastics, rubbers, and cosmetics. There are reports of the rusticity of this species and its potential for growth in arid and semi-arid environments, where water scarcity and soil salinity are common. However, studies regarding the tolerance of its seeds to these stresses and the physiological responses triggered during germination and seedling establishment under these conditions are incipient. The objective of this study was to evaluate the tolerance of crambe seeds to water deficit and salt stress during germination and early seedling development, as well as to investigate the role of antioxidant enzymes on tolerance to these conditions. The seeds were exposed to water and salt stresses and their performance was analyzed. Seed water content, imbibition rate, percentage and speed of germination, and the base water potential for seed germination were evaluated. In the seedlings, the following measurements were made: root and shoot length, fresh and dry matter of roots and shoots, moisture content, and activity of the enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and peroxidase (POX). Water deficit and salt stress reduce the water uptake rate of the seeds, the germination and growth of seedlings. The crambe seeds had higher tolerance to salt stress than to water deficit. Absorption of salt and the action of the SOD and CAT antioxidant enzymes are part of the tolerance mechanisms of crambe seeds to salt stress.

scholarly journals Bioherbicidal Actions of Common Purslane on Seed Germination and Growth of Some Crop and Weed Species

2021 ◽  
Vol 910 (1) ◽  
pp. 012107
Author(s):  
Saber W. Hamad
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Root Extracts ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Common Purslane ◽  
Germination And Growth

Abstract This study was conducted to examine allelopathic actions of Common Purslane Portulaca oleracea L. aqueous shoot and root extracts on germination of seeds and some growth parameters of wheat (Triticum aestivum) and rapeseed (Brassica napus). The experiment was performed in sterilized Petri dishes for one week at 22 °C. The experiment was arranged for completely randomized design. The concentrations were chosen for this study as (0%, 3%, 6% and 9%). The results indicated that the higher concentrations (6% and 9%) of both shoot and root extracts of common purslane caused significant reduction in seed germination whereas the lowest concentration caused the least negative impact on seed germination. Other growth polarimeters such as shoot and root length and shoot and root oven dry weight were significantly inhibited by the application of both Common Purslane aqueous shoot and root extracts at concentrations (6% and 9%) in wheat T. aestivum and rapeseed B. napus. However, dicot B. napus turned out to be more effected than monocot T. aestivum. The findings of this study suggest that common purslane aqueous shoot and root extracts can be recommended to utilize as bio-herbicide to supress seed germination and growth of weeds.

scholarly journals EFFECTS OF 24-EPIBRASSINOLIDE ON GERMINATION AND GROWTH OF TOMATO SEEDLINGS UNDER SALT STRESS

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. e4842
Author(s):  
Sebastião De Oliveira Maia Júnior ◽  
Jailma Ribeiro de Andrade ◽  
Robson Felipe de Lima ◽  
Rafaela Félix Basílio Guimarães ◽  
Allesson Ramos de Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Tomato Cultivar ◽  
Tomato Seedlings ◽  
Tomato Seeds ◽  
Seedling Length ◽  
Germination Speed ◽  
Germination And Growth

Salinity is one of the environmental stresses that most affects plants' vital processes, especially germination. Brassinosteroids, including 24-epibrassinolide (EBL), have multiple actions in essential processes in plants. Thus, this research's objective was to evaluate the effects of EBL on tomato seeds' physiological conditioning on germination, growth, and production of dry seedling mass under salinity conditions. The experiment was carried out in a 2x5 factorial scheme, as follows: two concentrations of EBL (0 and 10-6 M) and five levels of salinity (0.5 control; 1.5; 3.0; 4.5 and 6.0 dS m-1), consisting of ten treatments, with four replications of 50 seeds. In isolation, the salt stress reduced the percentage of germination and germination speed index from four to 14 days, besides all the plants' growth traits. In turn, the EBL increased the percentage of germination, germination speed index, seedling length, and radicle dry matter. The application of 10-6 M of EBL in seed immersion no effect on the seed germination of IPA 6 tomato cultivar under salt stress but increases the root length and the dry matter of the seedlings.

Salinity Tolerance of Black Gram Cultivars During Germination and Early Seedling Growth

2018 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 51-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.K. Hasan ◽  
M.S. Islam ◽  
M.R. Islam ◽  
H.N. Ismaan ◽  
A. El Sabagh
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Salinity Tolerance ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Sand Culture ◽  
Black Gram

Abstract A laboratory experiment regarding germination and seedling growth test was conducted with three black gram genotypes tested under three salinity levels (0, 75 and 150 mM), for 10 days, in sand culture within small plastic pot, to investigate the germination and seedling growth characteristics. Different germination traits of all black gram genotypes, like germination percentage (GP), germination rate (GR), coefficient of velocity of germination (CVG) greatly reduced, as well as mean germination time (MGT) increased with increasing salt stress. At high salt stress, BARI Mash-3 provided the highest GP reduction (28.58%), while the lowest was recorded (15.79% to control) in BARI Mash-1. Salinity have the negative impact on shoot and root lengths, fresh and dry weights. The highest (50.32% to control) and lowest reduction (36.39%) of shoot length were recorded in BARI Mash-2 and BARI Mash-1, respectively, under 150 mM NaCl saline conditions. There were significant reduction of root lengths, root fresh and dry weight, shoot length, shoot fresh and dry weight in all genotypes under saline condition. The genotypes were arranged as BARI Mash-1 > BARI Mash-3 > BARI Mash-2, with respect to salinity tolerance.

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