Altered Heschl's gyrus duplication pattern in first-episode schizophrenia

2021 ◽  
Vol 237 ◽  
pp. 174-181
Author(s):  
Tsutomu Takahashi ◽  
Daiki Sasabayashi ◽  
Yoichiro Takayanagi ◽  
Atsushi Furuichi ◽  
Mikio Kido ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
First Episode ◽  
Heschl’S Gyrus ◽  
Heschl's Gyrus ◽  
First Episode Schizophrenia

scholarly journals Pitch and Duration Mismatch Negativity and Heschl’s Gyrus Volume in First-Episode Schizophrenia-Spectrum Individuals

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (6) ◽  
pp. 359-364 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dean F. Salisbury ◽  
Anna R. Shafer ◽  
Timothy K. Murphy ◽  
Sarah M. Haigh ◽  
Brian A. Coffman
Keyword(s):  
Auditory Cortex ◽  
Left Hemisphere ◽  
Gray Matter ◽  
Mismatch Negativity ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Disease Course ◽  
Heschl’S Gyrus ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum ◽  
Heschl's Gyrus ◽  
First Episode Schizophrenia

Background. The mismatch negativity (MMN) brainwave indexes novelty detection. MMN to infrequent pitch (pMMN) and duration (dMMN) deviants is reduced in long-term schizophrenia. Although not reduced at first psychosis, pMMN is inversely associated with left hemisphere Heschl’s gyrus (HG) gray matter volume within 1 year of first hospitalization for schizophrenia-spectrum psychosis, consistent with pathology of left primary auditory cortex early in disease course. We examined whether the relationship was present earlier, at first psychiatric contact for psychosis, and whether the same structural-functional association was apparent for dMMN. Method. Twenty-seven first-episode schizophrenia-spectrum (FESz) and 27 matched healthy comparison (HC) individuals were compared. EEG-derived pMMN and dMMN were measured by subtracting the standard tone waveform (80%) from the pitch- and duration-deviant waveforms (10% each). HG volumes were calculated from T1-weighted structural magnetic resonance imaging using Freesurfer. Results. In FESz, pMMN amplitudes at Fz were inversely associated with left HG (but not right) gray matter volumes, and dMMN amplitudes were associated significantly with left HG volumes and at trend-level with right HG. There were no structural-functional associations in HC. Conclusions. pMMN and dMMN index gray matter reduction in left hemisphere auditory cortex early in psychosis, with dMMN also marginally indexing right HG volumes. This suggest conjoint functional and structural pathology that affects the automatic detection of novelty with varying degrees of penetrance prior to psychosis. These brainwaves are sensitive biomarkers of pathology early in the psychotic disease course, and may serve as biomarkers of disease progression and as therapeutic outcome measures.

Mismatch negativity amplitude and heschl's gyrus volume in first-episode schizophrenia

2003 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 259 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.F. Salisbury ◽  
K. Kasai ◽  
M.E. Shenton ◽  
R.W. McCarley
Keyword(s):  
Mismatch Negativity ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Heschl’S Gyrus ◽  
Heschl's Gyrus ◽  
First Episode Schizophrenia

Unreality symptoms and volumetric measures of Heschl’s gyrus and planum temporal in first-episode psychosis

2005 ◽  
Vol 57 (8) ◽  
pp. 947-950 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex Sumich ◽  
Xavier A. Chitnis ◽  
Dominic G. Fannon ◽  
Séamus O’Ceallaigh ◽  
Victor C. Doku ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
First Episode Psychosis ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Heschl’S Gyrus ◽  
Episode Psychosis ◽  
Heschl's Gyrus ◽  
Volumetric Measures

scholarly journals Pitch and Duration Mismatch Negativity Are Associated with Distinct Auditory Cortex and Inferior Frontal Cortex Volumes in the First-Episode Schizophrenia Spectrum

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark T Curtis ◽  
Brian A Coffman ◽  
Dean F Salisbury
Keyword(s):  
Auditory Cortex ◽  
Frontal Cortex ◽  
Gray Matter ◽  
Mismatch Negativity ◽  
First Episode ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Inferior Frontal Cortex ◽  
Heschl’S Gyrus ◽  
First Episode Schizophrenia ◽  
Gray Matter Volumes

Abstract Background Pitch and duration mismatch negativity (pMMN/dMMN) are related to left Heschl’s gyrus gray matter volumes in first-episode schizophrenia (FESz). Previous methods were unable to delineate functional subregions within and outside Heschl’s gyrus. The Human Connectome Project multimodal parcellation (HCP-MMP) atlas overcomes this limitation by parcellating these functional subregions. Further, MMN has generators in inferior frontal cortex, and therefore, may be associated with inferior frontal cortex pathology. With the novel use of the HCP-MMP to precisely parcellate auditory and inferior frontal cortex, we investigated relationships between gray matter and pMMN and dMMN in FESz. Methods pMMN and dMMN were measured at Fz from 27 FESz and 27 matched healthy controls. T1-weighted MRI scans were acquired. The HCP-MMP atlas was applied to individuals, and gray matter volumes were calculated for bilateral auditory and inferior frontal cortex parcels and correlated with MMN. FDR correction was used for multiple comparisons. Results In FESz only, pMMN was negatively correlated with left medial belt in auditory cortex and area 47L in inferior frontal cortex. Duration MMN negatively correlated with the following auditory parcels: left medial belt, lateral belt, parabelt, TA2, and right A5. Further, dMMN was associated with left area 47L, right area 44, and right area 47L in inferior frontal cortex. Conclusions The novel approach revealed overlapping and distinct gray matter associations for pMMN and dMMN in auditory and inferior frontal cortex in FESz. Thus, pMMN and dMMN may serve as biomarkers of underlying pathological deficits in both similar and slightly different cortical areas.

Eine Stellungnahme zur Debatte über die „atypischen“ Antipsychotika

2010 ◽  
Vol 07 (01) ◽  
pp. 11-17
Author(s):  
A. Schmied ◽  
W. Kissling ◽  
J. M. Davis ◽  
S. Leucht
Keyword(s):  
Antipsychotic Drugs ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Cost Utility ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Intervention Effectiveness ◽  
Second Generation Antipsychotics ◽  
First Episode Schizophrenia

ZusammenfassungSeit etwa zehn Jahren gibt es eine kontrovers geführte Debatte über die Antipsychotika der zweiten Generation („second generation antipsychotics“, SGA) in der Schizophreniebehandlung, die in der Publikation der sogenannten Effektivitätsstudien CATIE (Clinical Antipsychotic Trial of Intervention Effectiveness), CUtLASS (Cost Utility of the Latest Antipsychotic Drugs in Schizophrenia Study) und EUFEST (European First-Episode Schizophrenia Trial) gipfelte. In der vorliegenden Übersicht fassen wir die Ergebnisse dreier aktueller systematischer Reviews zusammen, in denen die Antipsychotika der zweiten Generation (SGAs) mit Placebo, mit konventionellen Antipsychotika oder direkt miteinander verglichen wurden. Wir stellen die Metaanalysen in den Kontext anderer systematischer Reviews und beleuchten sie vor dem Hintergrund von CATIE, CUtLASS und EUFEST. Unserer Meinung nach sind viele Ergebnisse konsistent, sie werden aber von verschiedenen Experten und Interessensvertretern unterschiedlich interpretiert. Die Daten zeigen, dass SGAs keine homogene Gruppe darstellen und dass diese eher verwirrende Einteilung aufgegeben werden sollte. Unserer Meinung nach stellen die SGAs nicht den Durchbruch dar, den die Industrie gerne sehen würde. Ihre unterschiedlichen Eigenschaften erlauben aber eine bessere Ausrichtung des Behandlungsplans an den Problemen des individuellen Patienten. Diese Medikamente haben die Behandlungspalette deutlich erweitert und die meisten Psychiater, ganz zu schweigen von den Patienten, würden wohl nur sehr ungerne auf diese Präparate verzichten wollen.

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