Causes of toxicity to Hyalella azteca in a stormwater management facility receiving highway runoff and snowmelt. Part I: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and metals

2012 ◽  
Vol 414 ◽  
pp. 227-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.J. Bartlett ◽  
Q. Rochfort ◽  
L.R. Brown ◽  
J. Marsalek
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Stormwater Management ◽  
Hyalella Azteca ◽  
Highway Runoff ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic

scholarly journals Toxic Effects of Heavy Metals and Organic Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Sediment Porewater on the Amphipod Hyalella azteca and Zebrafish Brachydanio rerio Embryos from Different Rivers in Taiwan

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (17) ◽  
pp. 8021
Author(s):  
Shao-Yang Hu ◽  
Chi-Ying Hsieh ◽  
Hans-Uwe Dahms ◽  
Yu-Hsien Tseng ◽  
Jesse Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Detection Rate ◽  
Hyalella Azteca ◽  
Toxic Effects ◽  
Brachydanio Rerio ◽  
Aquatic Life ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Pahs Concentration ◽  
Highly Correlated

The amphipod (Hyalella azteca) and zebrafish (Brachydanio rerio) embryos were used for toxicological sediment porewater testing. Porewaters from 35 sampling stations of eight streams in southern Taiwan were screened for toxic effects and their relationship with 6 metal and 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Concentration analysis results showed that the following PAHs, naphththalene, benzo(b)fluoranthene, dibenz(a,h)anthracene, acenaphthalene, and the heavy metal cadmium were not detected in 35 sampling stations. The highest detection rate of 94.1% was caused by the PAHs fluoranthene and pyrene. The highest detection rate of the metal zinc was 88.6% of 35 analyzed samples. The majority of samples (88%) were classified as level tier 1 according to USEPA national sediment inventory. This indicates the probability of adverse effects on aquatic life or human health. The results of a zebrafish embryo test showed that heart rate and survival were significantly reduced with all porewater samples. Therefore, fish exposed to contaminated river conditions may be affected in their cardiovascular functions. Looking at correlations between toxic effects of metals and PAHs, we found that phenanthrene, anthracene, pyrene, benzo(a)anthracene, chrysene, benzo(b)fluoranthene, and benzo(a)pyrene were low, while fluorene was highly correlated with toxic effects of metals.

scholarly journals Relationship between Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Sediments and Invertebrates of Natural and Artificial Stormwater Retention Ponds

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana A. Stephansen ◽  
Carlos A. Arias ◽  
Hans Brix ◽  
Morten L. Fejerskov ◽  
Asbjørn H. Nielsen
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Shallow Lakes ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Land Uses ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Highway Runoff ◽  
Retention Ponds ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Stormwater Retention

Sediments and invertebrates were sampled from 9 stormwater retention ponds (SWRPs) and 11 natural, shallow lakes in Denmark. Samples were analyzed for 13 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The SWRPs received urban and highway runoff from various types of drainage areas and the lakes were located in areas of various land uses. Comparing PAHs in the sediments of the SWRPs and the lakes, it was found that levels of total PAH were similar in the two aquatic systems, with median values of 0.94 and 0.63 mg·(kg·DM)−1 in sediments of SWRPs and lakes, respectively. However, the SWRP sediments tended to have higher concentrations of high-molecular-weight PAHs than the lakes. A similar pattern was seen for PAHs accumulated in invertebrates where the median of total PAH was 2.8 and 2.1 mg·(kg·DM)−1 for SWRPs and lakes, respectively. Principal component analysis on the PAH distribution in the sediments and invertebrates showed that ponds receiving highway runoff clustered with lakes in forests and farmland. The same was the case for some of the ponds receiving runoff from residential areas. Overall, results showed that sediment PAH levels in all SWRPs receiving runoff from highways were similar to the levels found in some of the investigated natural, shallow lakes, as were the sediment PAH levels from some of the residential SWRPs. Furthermore, there was no systematic trend that one type of water body exceeded environmental quality standards (EQS) values more often than others. Together this indicates that at least some SWRPs can sustain an invertebrate ecosystem without the organisms experiencing higher bioaccumulation of PAHs then what is the case in shallow lakes of the same region.

Cytotoxic and genotoxic activities of waters and sediments from highway and parking lot runoffs

2016 ◽  
Vol 73 (11) ◽  
pp. 2772-2780 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tadele Measho Haile ◽  
Miroslav Mišík ◽  
Tamara Grummt ◽  
Al-Serori Halh ◽  
Clemens Pichler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Comet Assay ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Ros Generation ◽  
Stormwater Treatment ◽  
Genotoxic Effects ◽  
Highway Runoff ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic

The genotoxicity of water and sediment samples from stormwater treatment systems and water from urban highway runoff was tested in the Salmonella/microsome assays with Salmonella typhimurium, micronucleus assay (Trad-MN) with plants and with human-derived liver cells (HepG2), or comet assay with HepG2. Cytotoxicity of water samples was studied using either reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, cell proliferation or dye exclusion assay in HepG2. Concentrations of several contaminants in the tested samples were also measured. Results suggested that urban highway runoff exposed to severe vehicle traffic emissions caused genotoxic effects in comet assay and in Trad-MN assays. Sediments induced either mutagenic effects in strain YG1024 or genotoxic effects in Trad-MN assay. These effects could be due to the presence of nitro-polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (NPAHs) which possess carcinogenic and mutagenic properties. Influent and effluents of stormwater treatment systems did not induce genotoxic activity or effects on HepG2 cell viability; however, the influents were able to induce ROS generation and cell proliferation in HepG2 cells. As the methods require a sterile filtration of the water samples, this could have also removed particulate-associated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and resulted in a less pronounced induction of genotoxicity, as would be expected by PAH contamination.

Characterization of heavy metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in urban highway runoff

2000 ◽  
Vol 42 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 201-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Shinya ◽  
T. Tsuchinaga ◽  
M. Kitano ◽  
Y. Yamada ◽  
M. Ishikawa
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Initial Phase ◽  
Runoff Water ◽  
Highway Runoff ◽  
Total Load ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Mutagenic Response ◽  
History Of

Urban highway runoff samples collected from four rainfall drains were analyzed for heavy metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The concentrations of constituents varied widely during the history of each storm and appeared to be highest in the first runoff water. Results showed that iron and aluminum were the principal constituents of particulates. Cadmium, chromium, copper, manganese, lead and zinc were mainly particulate-bound while nickel was mainly in dissolved form. The higher molecular weight PAHs were more associated with suspended solids in the runoff. Predominant PAHs-phenanthrene, fluoranthene and pyrene-comprised about 50% of fifteen quantified PAHs constituents in each sample. In the events where peak flush occurred during the initial phase, more than half the total load flowed out during the initial phase of runoff flow. In this case, initial runoff water treatment was believed to be effective. In results from Ames assay, mutagenicity was appreciably associated with PAHs in the particulate fraction of runoff water. The dissolved fraction also showed positive mutagenic response by unknown soluble aromatic compounds.

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