Quantifying the relationship between visibility degradation and PM2.5 constituents at a suburban site in Hong Kong: Differentiating contributions from hydrophilic and hydrophobic organic compounds

This narrative review examines the complex relationship that exists between the presence of specific configurations of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in food and drink products and multisensory flavour perception. Advances in gas chromatography technology and mass spectrometry data analysis mean that it is easier than ever before to identify the unique chemical profile of a particular food or beverage item. Importantly, however, there is simply no one-to-one mapping between the presence of specific VOCs and the flavours that are perceived by the consumer. While the profile of VOCs in a particular product undoubtedly does tightly constrain the space of possible flavour experiences that a taster is likely to have, the gustatory and trigeminal components (i.e., sapid elements) in foods and beverages can also play a significant role in determining the actual flavour experience. Genetic differences add further variation to the range of multisensory flavour experiences that may be elicited by a given configuration of VOCs, while an individual’s prior tasting history has been shown to determine congruency relations (between olfaction and gustation) that, in turn, modulate the degree of oral referral, and ultimately flavour pleasantness, in the case of familiar foods and beverages.

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The Relationship of Promotion Focus, Need for Cognitive Closure, and Categorical Accessibility in American and Hong Kong Chinese University Students

The Journal of Creative Behavior ◽

10.1002/j.2162-6057.2006.tb01273.x ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 40 (3) ◽

pp. 201-215 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

GRACE WAI-MAN IP ◽

JING CHEN ◽

CHI-YUE CHIU

Keyword(s):

Hong Kong ◽

University Students ◽

Hong Kong Chinese ◽

Promotion Focus ◽

Cognitive Closure ◽

Need For Cognitive Closure ◽

Chinese University ◽

Chinese University Students ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship

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Foreign Media Exposure and Perceptions of Americans in Hong Kong, Shenzhen, and Singapore

Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly ◽

10.1177/107769909707400406 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 74 (4) ◽

pp. 738-756 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Lars Willnat ◽

Zhou He ◽

Hao Xiaoming

Keyword(s):

Hong Kong ◽

Cultural Context ◽

Media Exposure ◽

Media Impact ◽

Local Media ◽

The Media ◽

Foreign Media ◽

Media Channels ◽

The Impact ◽

The Relationship

This study examines the relationship between foreign media exposure and stereotypical perceptions of and feelings toward Americans in Hong Kong, Shenzhen (China), and Singapore. In line with previous studies, it finds that foreign TV consumption is related to negative stereotypical perceptions of and feelings toward Americans among all tested subjects. However, it also finds that different types of foreign media, such as newspaper, radio, video, and movies, exhibit very distinct and different relationships with perceptions of Americans by subjects from China and Singapore. It suggests that in studies of foreign media impact, attention should be given to specific foreign media channels, the actual content of the media, the impact of local media, the stages at which other cultures encounter the Western culture, and the cultural context of each society.

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