Behavior of engineered nanoparticles in aquatic environmental samples: Current status and challenges

2021 ◽  
pp. 148560
Author(s):  
Jejal Reddy Bathi ◽  
Faegheh Moazeni ◽  
Venkata K.K. Upadhyayula ◽  
Indranil Chowdhury ◽  
Soubantika Palchoudhury ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Samples ◽  
Engineered Nanoparticles ◽  
Current Status

scholarly journals Current status and future direction for examining engineered nanoparticles in natural systems

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel D. Montaño ◽  
Gregory V. Lowry ◽  
Frank von der Kammer ◽  
Julie Blue ◽  
James F. Ranville
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Samples ◽  
Accurate Determination ◽  
Engineered Nanoparticles ◽  
Engineered Nanomaterials ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Environmental Matrices ◽  
New Techniques ◽  
Unique Challenge ◽  
High Background ◽  
Naturally Occurring

Environmental context The detection and characterisation of engineered nanomaterials in the environment is essential for exposure and risk assessment for this emerging class of materials. However, the ubiquitous presence of naturally occurring nanomaterials presents a unique challenge for the accurate determination of engineered nanomaterials in environmental matrices. New techniques and methodologies are being developed to overcome some of these issues by taking advantage of subtle differences in the elemental and isotopic ratios within these nanomaterials. Abstract The increasing manufacture and implementation of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) will continue to lead to the release of these materials into the environment. Reliably assessing the environmental exposure risk of ENMs will depend highly on the ability to quantify and characterise these materials in environmental samples. However, performing these measurements is obstructed by the complexity of environmental sample matrices, physiochemical processes altering the state of the ENM and the high background of naturally occurring nanoparticles (NNPs), which may be similar in size, shape and composition to their engineered analogues. Current analytical techniques can be implemented to overcome some of these obstacles, but the ubiquity of NNPs presents a unique challenge requiring the exploitation of properties that discriminate engineered and natural nanomaterials. To this end, new techniques are being developed that take advantage of the nature of ENMs to discern them from naturally occurring analogues. This paper reviews the current techniques utilised in the detection and characterisation of ENMs in environmental samples as well as discusses promising new approaches to overcome the high backgrounds of NNPs. Despite their occurrence in the atmosphere and soil, this review will be limited to a discussion of aqueous-based samples containing ENMs, as this environment will serve as a principal medium for the environmental dispersion of ENMs.

Pretreatment Techniques for Drug Residues in the Environment before their Quantitation

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingyi Tang ◽  
Min Yang ◽  
Shun Yao
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Samples ◽  
Driving Force ◽  
Sample Pretreatment ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Chemical Substances ◽  
Related Information ◽  
Specific Manner ◽  
Drugs Analysis ◽  
Deep Exploration

Background: More and more chemical substances are being released to the environment. Therefore, environmental problems caused by different pollutants have attracted the long-term attention. Objective : Sample pretreatment have always been the bottleneck restricting the development of residual drugs analysis, so the latest development in various pretreatment technologies and current status for different residual drugs in environmental samples are reviewed. Method: For systematic and explicit description, all of the contents were elucidated and summarized in a series of independent parts. In each part, it started from the research background or a conceptual framework and then specific examples were introduced to illustrate the theme. Finally, the important conclusions were drawn and its future was out looked after the discussion about related key problems appearing in each mentioned research. Results: The whole review was composed of four parts, and 111 papers were cited in total. Six figures were used to depict progress in potential pretreatment technologies for residual drugs in environment, and nine tables were employed to summarize pretreatment and analysis results for various residual drugs in environment. Conclusion: This review placed emphasis on the development of pretreatment techniques of residual drugs in a specific manner, leading to meaningful and valuable related information to some related fields and thus promotes further research and application of related methods. The deep exploration for key scientific problems is the driving force to their effective detection and strict control.

Detection of engineered nanoparticles in aquatic environments: current status and challenges in enrichment, separation, and analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 709-735 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Zhang ◽  
Junhan Yang ◽  
Zhongxia Cai ◽  
Yudong Feng ◽  
Yafeng Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Engineered Nanoparticles ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Aquatic Environments

The development of enrichment–separation–analysis technologies is the cornerstone of accurately detecting, effectively monitoring, and controlling ENPs in aquatic environments.

Nanotechnology: Regulatory Outlook on Nanomaterials and Nanomedicines in United States, Europe and India

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 225-236
Author(s):  
Rashi Malik ◽  
Sharvil Patil
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Working Party ◽  
The United States ◽  
Engineered Nanoparticles ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Assessment Practices ◽  
The Us ◽  
Regulatory Bodies ◽  
Immense Potential ◽  
Treatment And Diagnosis

Background: The outlook on “Nano-materials, products, medicine and technology” lacks a consensus on the definition to be considered by regulatory bodies all over the world. Engineered nanoparticles, the formulated products containing nanomaterials, are not subject to any precise regulation pertaining to production, handling and labeling till now. Also, nano medicines holding an immense potential involved in treatment and diagnosis with emerging research, yet, lag behind with unnoticed concerns regarding their safety and toxicity. Therefore, a regulatory framework focused on specific guidelines for products with the application of nanotechnology is being designed for extending the immense benefits of nanomedicines to humanity. Regulatory bodies have taken the forefront in dealing with the risks associated with nanomedicines, including the United States Environment Protection Agency (EPA) and the US Food and Drug Administration (USFDA), and the Health and Consumer Protection Directorate of the European Commission (EC). Objective: The study aimed to depict the current status and suggest future perspectives of nanomedicine, by compiling the guidance of different regulatory bodies, thereby, eliminating the vagueness of nanotechnology in regulatory terms. Conclusion: Ambiguity continues to prevail considering the regulations and safety of nanomaterials. Therefore, it becomes vital to facilitate the harmonization of assessment practices for nanomaterials with a unanimous opinion. On global level, OECD and its Working Party are currently dealing with manufactured nanomaterials.

Current status of special planetary and lunar theories and ephemerides

1966 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 266-267
Author(s):  
R. L. Duncombe
Keyword(s):  
Observational Data ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Numerical Errors

An examination of some specialized lunar and planetary ephemerides has revealed inconsistencies in the adopted planetary masses, the presence of non-gravitational terms, and some outright numerical errors. They should be considered of temporary usefulness only, subject to subsequent amendment as required for the interpretation of observational data.

Pollutant Identification by Selected Area Electron Diffraction

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 532-533
Author(s):  
R. E. Ferrell ◽  
G. G. Paulson ◽  
C. W. Walker
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Treatment ◽  
Electron Diffraction ◽  
Sample Preparation ◽  
Crystal Structures ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Environmental Samples ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Selected Area Electron Diffraction ◽  
Multiple Component

Selected area electron diffraction (SAD) has been used successfully to determine crystal structures, identify traces of minerals in rocks, and characterize the phases formed during thermal treatment of micron-sized particles. There is an increased interest in the method because it has the potential capability of identifying micron-sized pollutants in air and water samples. This paper is a short review of the theory behind SAD and a discussion of the sample preparation employed for the analysis of multiple component environmental samples.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document