Assessing the effect of catchment characteristics to enhanced coagulation in drinking water treatment: RSM models and sensitivity analysis

Since discovery of harmful disinfection by products (DBPs) like trihalomethanes (THMs) and haloacetic acids (HAAs) in chlorinated waters the removal of organic DBPs precursors gained priority in drinking water treatment. Historically, coagulation process was arranged to remove turbidity, typically related to pathogens occurrence, but nowadays it is usually optimized/enhanced for total organic carbon (TOC) reduction. This work dealt with the removal of TOC and turbidity by means of enhanced coagulation process using Al2(SO4)3⋅18 H2O and FeCl3⋅6H2O as coagulants for jar test without pH adjustment according to USEPA procedure. 15% of TOC removal required by USEPA D/DBPs rule (1998) was achieved using 30-50 mg l-1 of both coagulants. On the other hand, for compliance with more stringent MCL for total THMs in Italy (30 μg l-1) higher TOC removal (>30%) which needed of higher coagulants doses (80 mg l-1), was obviously required. Those high coagulant doses were also to be used for the compliance with the turbidity standard (<1NTU).

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Enhanced Coagulation of Low Turbid Water for Drinking Water Treatment: Dosing Approach on Floc Formation and Residuals Minimization

Environmental Engineering Science ◽

10.1089/ees.2018.0430 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 36 (6) ◽

pp. 732-738 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Jr-Lin Lin ◽

Aldeno Rachmad Ika

Keyword(s):

Drinking Water ◽

Water Treatment ◽

Drinking Water Treatment ◽

Turbid Water ◽

Enhanced Coagulation

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Predicting the oxidant demand in full-scale drinking water treatment using an artificial neural network: Uncertainty and sensitivity analysis

Process Safety and Environmental Protection ◽

10.1016/j.psep.2019.03.017 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 125 ◽

pp. 317-327 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Lluís Godo-Pla ◽

Pere Emiliano ◽

Fernando Valero ◽

Manel Poch ◽

Gürkan Sin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Neural Network ◽

Sensitivity Analysis ◽

Artificial Neural Network ◽

Drinking Water ◽

Water Treatment ◽

Drinking Water Treatment ◽

Full Scale ◽

Uncertainty And Sensitivity Analysis ◽

Artificial Neural

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Optimisation of conventional water treatment processes in Adelaide, South Australia

Water Science & Technology Water Supply ◽

10.2166/ws.2002.0164 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 2 (5-6) ◽

pp. 157-163 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

M. Holmes ◽

D. Oemcke

Keyword(s):

Drinking Water ◽

Water Treatment ◽

Distribution System ◽

South Australia ◽

Drinking Water Treatment ◽

Product Formation ◽

Enhanced Coagulation ◽

Pre Treatment ◽

High Concentrations ◽

Available Technology

Supplying drinking water in metropolitan Adelaide to meet contractual and Australian Drinking Water Guidelines is a challenge as source waters contain high concentrations of natural organic matter (NOM) that often exceed 10 mg/L dissolved organic carbon (DOC). The US EPA indicates that enhanced coagulation is the best available technology to control DOC in drinking water treatment plants. United Water has used enhanced coagulation at Metropolitan Adelaide WTPs since 1997 to improve water quality in the distribution system. NOM reduction has led to treated water with a lower chlorine demand allowing a greater residual penetration enabling improved bacteriological compliance. Disinfection by-product formation has also been controlled within the distribution system. Pathogen treatment barriers to remove Cryptosporidium and Giardia have been strengthened by adopting improved filter pre-treatment, enhanced coagulation and filter pre-chlorination to reduce particle breakthrough at all suitable WTPs.

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