X-ray diffraction analysis of three-dimensional residual stress fields reveals origins of thermal fatigue in uncoated and coated steel

2010 ◽  
Vol 62 (10) ◽  
pp. 774-777 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Kirchlechner ◽  
K.J. Martinschitz ◽  
R. Daniel ◽  
C. Mitterer ◽  
J. Donges ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Diffraction Analysis ◽  
Thermal Fatigue ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Stress Fields ◽  
Coated Steel ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray

X-Ray Diffraction Measurement of Residual Stresses in Thick, Multi-Pass Steel Weldments

1985 ◽  
Vol 107 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. O. Ruud ◽  
R. N. Pangborn ◽  
P. S. DiMascio ◽  
D. J. Snoha
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Measurement Accuracy ◽  
Stress Measurement ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Residual Stress Measurement ◽  
Stress Fields ◽  
Diffraction Measurement ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Removal Technique

A unique X-ray diffraction instrument for residual stress measurement has been developed that provides for speed, ease of measurement, accuracy, and economy of surface stress measurement. Application of this instrument with a material removal technique, e.g., electropolishing, has facilitated detailed, high resolution studies of three-dimensional stress fields. This paper describes the instrumentation and techniques applied to conduct the residual stress measurement and presents maps of the residual stress data obtained for the surfaces of a heavy 2 1/4 Cr 1 Mo steel plate weldment.

X-Ray Diffraction Analysis of Steel with Oxidised Surface Layer

2016 ◽  
Vol 368 ◽  
pp. 99-102
Author(s):  
Lukáš Zuzánek ◽  
Ondřej Řidký ◽  
Nikolaj Ganev ◽  
Kamil Kolařík
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Surface Layer ◽  
Residual Stresses ◽  
Diffraction Analysis ◽  
Oxide Surface ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Electrolytic Polishing ◽  
Small Depth

The basic principle of the X-ray diffraction analysis is based on the determination of components of residual stresses. They are determined on the basis of the change in the distance between atomic planes. The method is limited by a relatively small depth in which the X-ray beam penetrates into the analysed materials. For determination of residual stresses in the surface layer the X-ray diffraction and electrolytic polishing has to be combined. The article is deals with the determination of residual stress and real material structure of a laser-welded steel sample with an oxide surface layer. This surface layer is created during the rolling and it prevents the material from its corrosion. Before the X-ray diffraction analysis can be performed, this surface layer has to be removed. This surface layer cannot be removed with the help of electrolytic polishing and, therefore, it has to be removed mechanically. This mechanical procedure creates “technological” residual stress in the surface layer. This additional residual stress is removed by the electrolytic polishing in the depth between 20 and 80 μm. Finally, the real structure and residual stresses can be determined by using the X-ray diffraction techniques.

Combined Neutron and X-Ray Diffraction Analysis for the Characterization of a Case Hardened Disc

2010 ◽  
Vol 652 ◽  
pp. 37-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy Epp ◽  
Thomas Hirsch ◽  
Martin Hunkel ◽  
Robert C. Wimpory
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Neutron Diffraction ◽  
Diffraction Analysis ◽  
Force Balance ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Residual Stress State ◽  
Systematic Uncertainties ◽  
Combined Use ◽  
Stress States

The present work has been executed within the framework of the collaborative research center on Distortion Engineering (SFB 570) in order to evaluate the residual stress state of a disc after carburizing and quenching as well as to validate a simulation procedure. The combined use of X-ray and neutron diffraction analysis provided information about the residual stress states in the whole cross section. However, the stress free lattice spacing d0 for the neutron diffraction experiments is problematic and induces systematic uncertainties in the results and the application of a force balance condition to recalculate d0 might be a solution for improving the reliability of the results. Comparison of experimental results with simulation showed that an overall satisfying agreement is reached but discrepancies are still present.

X-Ray Diffraction Analysis Analyze the Error of Residual Stress by Using Mathematical Statistics

2010 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 687-690
Author(s):  
Ai Xin Feng ◽  
Chuan Chao Xu ◽  
Yu Peng Cao ◽  
Huai Yang Sun ◽  
Gui Fen Ni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Aluminum Alloy ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Diffraction Analysis ◽  
Hypothesis Testing ◽  
Normal Distribution ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
7050 Aluminum Alloy ◽  
Stress Error

X-ray diffraction analysis methods analyze the residual stress the same location for 50 times of 7050 aluminum alloy. And taking residual stress error for statistical analysis, through hypothesis testing and analysis of the residual stress error Square diagram, obtain X-ray diffraction the residual stress error of the 7050 aluminum alloy approximately obey normal distribution.

X-ray diffraction analysis of the residual stress state in PVD TiN/CrN multilayer coatings deposited on tool steel

2005 ◽  
Vol 200 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 165-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Mendibide ◽  
P. Steyer ◽  
C. Esnouf ◽  
P. Goudeau ◽  
D. Thiaudière ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Stress State ◽  
Diffraction Analysis ◽  
Tool Steel ◽  
Multilayer Coatings ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Residual Stress State

Three-dimensional X-ray diffraction analysis of 4,4?-dihydroxydiphenyl

1972 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 675-676 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. A. Akhmed ◽  
M. S. Farag ◽  
A. Amin
Keyword(s):  
Diffraction Analysis ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray

THE CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF K2TeBr6

1964 ◽  
Vol 42 (12) ◽  
pp. 2758-2767 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. D. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Diffraction Analysis ◽  
Least Squares ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Monoclinic Space Group ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Space Group ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Cubic Form ◽  
Efficient Packing

Crystals of K2TeBr6 are monoclinic, space group [Formula: see text] with a = 7.521, b = 7.574, and c = 10.730 Å; β = 89° 40′. Atomic positions have been found by three dimensional X-ray diffraction analysis (least squares R = 0.12). The crystals possess a K2PtCl6 structure which is distorted to allow a more efficient packing of the comparatively large anions than is possible with the undistorted cubic form. The stereochemistry of the octahedral TeBr6− ion (Te—Br = 2.71 Å) is discussed.

Waterjet Machining and Peening of Metals

1999 ◽  
Vol 122 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Ramulu ◽  
S. Kunaporn ◽  
D. Arola ◽  
M. Hashish ◽  
J. Hopkins
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Plastic Deformation ◽  
Surface Integrity ◽  
Stress Fields ◽  
Abrasive Waterjet ◽  
Material Surface ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Waterjet Machining ◽  
Measurement And Evaluation

An experimental study was conducted to determine the influence of high-pressure waterjet (WJ) peening and abrasive waterjet (AWJ) machining on the surface integrity and texture of metals. A combination of microstructure analysis, microhardness measurements, and profilometry were used in determining the depth of plastic deformation and surface texture that result from the material removal process. The measurement and evaluation of residual stress was conducted with X-ray diffraction. The residual stress fields resulting from treatment were analyzed to further distinguish the influence of material properties on the surface integrity. It was found that waterjet peening induces plastic deformation at the surface layer of metals as good as shot peening. The degree of plastic deformation and the state of material surface were found to be strongly dependent on the peening conditions applied. [S0094-9930(00)00801-5]

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