Respiratory-phase identification using respiratory tracheal sound and movement during sleep

Image shifts in out-of-focus dark field images have been used in the past to determine, for example, epitaxial relationships in thin films. A recent extension of the use of dark field image shifts has been to out-of-focus images in conjunction with stereoviewing to produce an artificial stereo image effect. The technique, called through-focus dark field electron microscopy or 2-1/2D microscopy, basically involves obtaining two beam-tilted dark field images such that one is slightly over-focus and the other slightly under-focus, followed by examination of the two images through a conventional stereoviewer. The elevation differences so produced are usually unrelated to object positions in the thin foil and no specimen tilting is required.In order to produce this artificial stereo effect for the purpose of phase separation and identification, it is first necessary to select a region of the diffraction pattern containing more than just one discrete spot, with the objective aperture.

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Phase identification in SiC whisker reinforced Al2O3-R2O3-based composites

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100121168 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 50 (1) ◽

pp. 152-153

Author(s):

C.M. Sung ◽

K.J. Ostreicher ◽

M.L. Huckabee ◽

S.T. Buljan

Keyword(s):

Analytical Electron Microscopy ◽

Phase Identification ◽

Reinforced Composites ◽

Ion Milling ◽

X Ray ◽

Binary Oxides ◽

Analytical Electron ◽

The Matrix ◽

Second Phases ◽

Convergent Beam

A series of binary oxides and SiC whisker reinforced composites both having a matrix composed of an α-(Al, R)2O3 solid solution (R: rare earth) have been studied by analytical electron microscopy (AEM). The mechanical properties of the composites as well as crystal structure, composition, and defects of both second phases and the matrix were investigated. The formation of various second phases, e.g. garnet, β-Alumina, or perovskite structures in the binary Al2O3-R2O3 and the ternary Al2O3-R2O3-SiC(w) systems are discussed.Sections of the materials having thicknesses of 100 μm - 300 μm were first diamond core drilled. The discs were then polished and dimpled. The final step was ion milling with Ar+ until breakthrough occurred. Samples prepared in this manner were then analyzed using the Philips EM400T AEM. The low-Z energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDXS) data were obtained and correlated with convergent beam electron diffraction (CBED) patterns to identify phase compositions and structures. The following EDXS parameters were maintained in the analyzed areas: accelerating voltage of 120 keV, sample tilt of 12° and 20% dead time.

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Applications of SEM/EDXA in cement clinker investigation

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100177489 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 48 (4) ◽

pp. 870-871

Author(s):

Arezki Tagnit-Hamou ◽

Shondeep L. Sarkar

Keyword(s):

Mineralogical Composition ◽

Physicochemical Characteristics ◽

Cement Clinker ◽

Accurate Information ◽

Phase Identification ◽

History Of ◽

Bulk Chemical ◽

Resolution Imaging ◽

Proven Method ◽

Instantaneous Chemical

All the desired properties of cement primarily depend on the physicochemical characteristics of clinker from which the cement is produced. The mineralogical composition of the clinker forms the most important parameter influencing these properties.Optical microscopy provides reasonably accurate information pertaining to the thermal history of the clinker, while XRDA still remains the proven method of phase identification, and bulk chemical composition of the clinker can be readily obtained from XRFA. Nevertheless, all these microanalytical techniques are somewhat limited in their applications, and SEM/EDXA combination fills this gap uniquely by virtue of its high resolution imaging capability and possibility of instantaneous chemical analysis of individual phases.Inhomogeneities and impurities in the raw meal, influence of kiln conditions such as sintering and cooling rate being directly related to the microstructure can be effectively determined by SEM/EDXA. In addition, several physical characteristics of cement, such as rhcology, grindability and hydraulicity also depend on the clinker microstructure.

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Phase identification and fracture strength of plasma brazed joints of Ti-45Al-2Nb-2Mn-1B with Ti-Ni-Cu filler metals

Materials Letters ◽

10.1016/j.matlet.2020.129249 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 286 ◽

pp. 129249

Author(s):

Ahmad Reza Rastkar ◽

Mahmoud Heydarzadeh Sohi

Keyword(s):

Fracture Strength ◽

Phase Identification ◽

Brazed Joints ◽

Filler Metals

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Manifold‐based respiratory phase estimation enables motion and distortion correction of free‐breathing cardiac diffusion tensor MRI

Magnetic Resonance in Medicine ◽

10.1002/mrm.28972 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Jaume Coll‐Font ◽

Shi Chen ◽

Robert Eder ◽

Yiling Fang ◽

Qiao Joyce Han ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diffusion Tensor ◽

Free Breathing ◽

Distortion Correction ◽

Phase Estimation ◽

Diffusion Tensor Mri ◽

Respiratory Phase

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Detection of Movement Events of Long-Track Speed Skating Using Wearable Inertial Sensors

Sensors ◽

10.3390/s21113649 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (11) ◽

pp. 3649

Author(s):

Yosuke Tomita ◽

Tomoki Iizuka ◽

Koichi Irisawa ◽

Shigeyuki Imura

Keyword(s):

Gold Standard ◽

Detection Method ◽

Standard Measure ◽

Detection Methods ◽

Phase Identification ◽

Foot Pressure ◽

Pressure System ◽

Speed Skating ◽

Stance Time ◽

Integrated Detection

Inertial measurement units (IMUs) have been used increasingly to characterize long-track speed skating. We aimed to estimate the accuracy of IMUs for use in phase identification of long-track speed skating. Twelve healthy competitive athletes on a university long-track speed skating team participated in this study. Foot pressure, acceleration and knee joint angle were recorded during a 1000-m speed skating trial using the foot pressure system and IMUs. The foot contact and foot-off timing were identified using three methods (kinetic, acceleration and integrated detection) and the stance time was also calculated. Kinetic detection was used as the gold standard measure. Repeated analysis of variance, intra-class coefficients (ICCs) and Bland-Altman plots were used to estimate the extent of agreement between the detection methods. The stance time computed using the acceleration and integrated detection methods did not differ by more than 3.6% from the gold standard measure. The ICCs ranged between 0.657 and 0.927 for the acceleration detection method and 0.700 and 0.948 for the integrated detection method. The limits of agreement were between 90.1% and 96.1% for the average stance time. Phase identification using acceleration and integrated detection methods is valid for evaluating the kinematic characteristics during long-track speed skating.

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