Intraindividual variability in sleep among people with insomnia and its relationship with sleep, health and lifestyle factors: An exploratory study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Einar Bredeli ◽  
Cecilie L. Vestergaard ◽  
Børge Sivertsen ◽  
Håvard Kallestad ◽  
Simon Øverland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Lifestyle Factors ◽  
Intraindividual Variability ◽  
Sleep Health

scholarly journals DOP20 Can lifestyle and psychosocial factors predict flares of IBD; an exploratory study using telemedicine

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S059-S060
Author(s):  
R C A Lalisang ◽  
G Adriaans ◽  
M de Jong ◽  
A van der Meulen-de Jong ◽  
M Romberg-Camps ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Activity ◽  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Lifestyle Factors ◽  
Information Criteria ◽  
Mucosal Inflammation ◽  
Study Cohort ◽  
Telemedicine System ◽  
Targeted Interventions

Abstract Background Tight control of mucosal inflammation and prevention of disease flares are emerging treatment goals to prevent disease progression in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The state of the art clinical classification only marginally predict flare occurrence. Mounting evidence shows that psychosocial and lifestyle factors are associated with flares. Longitudinal monitoring of these factors has been made possible by implementing a web-based telemedicine tool, called myIBDcoach. This study is an exploration on the potential additive predictive value of data captured in a telemedicine system to predict flares. Methods Consecutive IBD patients (n = 393) were recruited from the prospective myIBDcoach telemedicine study cohort (ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02173002). During a one-year follow-up, every 1–3 months, participants reported information on all variables displayed in Figure 1 via myIBDcoach. Variables were subdivided into two main categories; Baseline and myIBDcoach. The myIBDcoach variables were once again subdivided (Figure 1). The outcome of interest, a flare during follow-up, was defined as having clinical symptoms of disease activity (using the Monitor IBD At Home questionnaire) combined with either a faecal calprotectin > 250g/g, disease activity on endoscopy, MRI or CT. Stepwise group-Lasso logistic regression (G-LASSO) was used to estimate associations between flares and individual variables, as well as between flares and the different variable categories (Figure 1). G-LASSO performs variable selection, resulting in models that contain only the most relevant explanatory variables. Results Seven G-LASSO regressions were estimated and evaluated using the Akaike information criteria (AIC), the area under the curve (AUC) and stepwise importance using 10-fold cross-validated penalty parameter. Figure 2 shows that the overall model performance increased when consecutively adding extra variable categories, the largest increase occurred for psychosocial and lifestyle factors. All telemedicine variable categories were found to be more important compared with the baseline variable category, as shown in Figure 3. Results shown in Figure 4 indicate that the information from myIBDcoach was found to be more important than the baseline variables. Conclusion In this exploratory study, psychosocial and lifestyle factors monitored via telemedicine are of superior value to predict flares in IBD patients compared with clinical stratification. Holistic monitoring, including psychosocial and lifestyle factors, and targeted interventions are of interest for future trials and are a promising strategy to prevent flares and improve the outcome of IBD.

scholarly journals Lifestyle Factors and Sleep Health across the Lifespan

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 6626
Author(s):  
Joseph M. Dzierzewski ◽  
Sahar M. Sabet ◽  
Sarah M. Ghose ◽  
Elliottnell Perez ◽  
Pablo Soto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Lifestyle Factors ◽  
Sleep Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Fast Food Consumption

Sleep health, operationalized as a multidimensional construct consisting of sleep regularity, satisfaction, alertness, timing, efficiency, and duration, is an emerging concept in the field of sleep medicine which warrants further investigation. The purpose of the present study was to: (1) compare sleep health across the lifespan, (2) determine lifestyle factors associated with sleep health, and (3) examine whether lifestyle factors associated with sleep health varied between and within age groups. Participants consisted of 3284 individuals (Mean age = 42.70; 45% male) who participated in a cross-sectional online survey of sleep and health. Sleep health was measured using the RU-SATED scale, while demographic and lifestyle factors (e.g., daily social media use, sedentary activity, fast food consumption, etc.) were all self-reported. Sleep health was the highest among older adults (M = 8.09) followed by middle-aged (M = 7.65) and younger adults (M = 7.16). Across age groups, fast-food consumption, daily regularity, and daily TV, social media, or internet use were all negatively correlated with sleep health (ps < 0.05). Few differences in the association between lifestyle factors and sleep health across age groups were found. Overall, these findings may help to inform sleep health promotion efforts by targeting the most pertinent lifestyle factors for promoting sleep health.

scholarly journals Association Between Post-concussion Intraindividual Variability In Sleep And Step Counts: An Exploratory Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 52 (7S) ◽  
pp. 787-787
Author(s):  
Nicole L. Hoffman ◽  
Catherine O. Feltner ◽  
Patrick J. O'Connor ◽  
Michael D. Schmidt ◽  
Robert C. Lynall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Intraindividual Variability ◽  
Step Counts

scholarly journals Overweight/obesity as the potentially most important lifestyle factor associated with signs of pneumonia in COVID-19

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. e0237799
Author(s):  
Vanessa Sacco ◽  
Barbara Rauch ◽  
Christina Gar ◽  
Stefanie Haschka ◽  
Anne L. Potzel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Medication Use ◽  
Lifestyle Factors ◽  
Lifestyle Factor ◽  
Demographic Information ◽  
Antibody Testing ◽  
Retrospective Diagnosis ◽  
Mild Disease ◽  
Multivariate Adjustment

Objective The occurrence of pneumonia separates severe cases of COVID-19 from the majority of cases with mild disease. However, the factors determining whether or not pneumonia develops remain to be fully uncovered. We therefore explored the associations of several lifestyle factors with signs of pneumonia in COVID-19. Methods Between May and July 2020, we conducted an online survey of 201 adults in Germany who had recently gone through COVID-19, predominantly as outpatients. Of these, 165 had a PCR-based diagnosis and 36 had a retrospective diagnosis by antibody testing. The survey covered demographic information, eight lifestyle factors, comorbidities and medication use. We defined the main outcome as the presence vs. the absence of signs of pneumonia, represented by dyspnea, the requirement for oxygen therapy or intubation. Results Signs of pneumonia occurred in 39 of the 165 individuals with a PCR-based diagnosis of COVID-19 (23.6%). Among the lifestyle factors examined, only overweight/obesity was associated with signs of pneumonia (odds ratio 2.68 (1.29–5.59) p = 0.008). The observed association remained significant after multivariate adjustment, with BMI as a metric variable, and also after including the antibody-positive individuals into the analysis. Conclusions This exploratory study finds an association of overweight/obesity with signs of pneumonia in COVID-19. This finding suggests that a signal proportional to body fat mass, such as the hormone leptin, impairs the body’s ability to clear SARS-CoV-2 before pneumonia develops. This hypothesis concurs with previous work and should be investigated further to possibly reduce the proportion of severe cases of COVID-19.

scholarly journals Overweight/obesity as the potentially most important lifestyle factor associated with signs of pneumonia in COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanessa Sacco ◽  
Barbara Rauch ◽  
Christina Gar ◽  
Stefanie Haschka ◽  
Anne L Potzel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Medication Use ◽  
Lifestyle Factors ◽  
Lifestyle Factor ◽  
Demographic Information ◽  
Antibody Testing ◽  
Retrospective Diagnosis ◽  
Mild Disease ◽  
Multivariate Adjustment

Objective The occurrence of pneumonia separates severe cases of COVID-19 from the majority of cases with mild disease. However, the factors determining whether or not pneumonia develops remain to be fully uncovered. We therefore explored the associations of several lifestyle factors with signs of pneumonia in COVID-19. Methods Between May and July 2020, we conducted an online survey of 201 adults in Germany who had recently gone through COVID-19, predominantly as outpatients. Of these, 165 had a PCR-based diagnosis and 36 had a retrospective diagnosis by antibody testing. The survey covered demographic information, eight lifestyle factors, comorbidities and medication use. We defined the main outcome as the presence vs. the absence of signs of pneumonia, represented by dyspnea, the requirement for oxygen therapy or intubation. Results Signs of pneumonia occurred in 39 of the 165 individuals with a PCR-based diagnosis of COVID-19 (23.6%). Among the lifestyle factors examined, only overweight/obesity associated with signs of pneumonia (odds ratio 2.68 (1.29 - 5.59) p=0.008). The observed association remained significant after multivariate adjustment, with BMI as a metric variable, and also after including the antibody-positive individuals into the analysis. Conclusions This exploratory study finds an association of overweight/obesity with signs of pneumonia in COVID-19. This finding suggests that a signal proportional to body fat mass, such as the hormone leptin, impairs the body's ability to clear SARS-CoV-2 before pneumonia develops. This hypothesis concurs with previous work and should be investigated further to possibly reduce the proportion of severe cases of COVID-19.

Classifying Disfluencies in Preschool- and School-Age Spanish–English Bilinguals Who Do Not Stutter: An Exploratory Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-130
Author(s):  
Raúl Rojas ◽  
Farzan Irani
Keyword(s):  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Medium Effect ◽  
Bilingual Children ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Total Percentage ◽  
Narrative Production ◽  
Language Measures ◽  
Mean Length Of Utterance

Purpose This exploratory study examined the language skills and the type and frequency of disfluencies in the spoken narrative production of Spanish–English bilingual children who do not stutter. Method A cross-sectional sample of 29 bilingual students (16 boys and 13 girls) enrolled in grades prekindergarten through Grade 4 produced a total of 58 narrative retell language samples in English and Spanish. Key outcome measures in each language included the percentage of normal (%ND) and stuttering-like (%SLD) disfluencies, percentage of words in mazes (%MzWds), number of total words, number of different words, and mean length of utterance in words. Results Cross-linguistic, pairwise comparisons revealed significant differences with medium effect sizes for %ND and %MzWds (both lower for English) as well as for number of different words (lower for Spanish). On average, the total percentage of mazed words was higher than 10% in both languages, a pattern driven primarily by %ND; %SLDs were below 1% in both languages. Multiple linear regression models for %ND and %SLD in each language indicated that %MzWds was the primary predictor across languages beyond other language measures and demographic variables. Conclusions The findings extend the evidence base with regard to the frequency and type of disfluencies that can be expected in bilingual children who do not stutter in grades prekindergarten to Grade 4. The data indicate that %MzWds and %ND can similarly index the normal disfluencies of bilingual children during narrative production. The potential clinical implications of the findings from this study are discussed.

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