Long-term fertilization effects on active ammonia oxidizers in an acidic upland soil in China

Abstract. The function of ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) and bacteria (AOB) depends on the availability of ammonia substrate and the supply of oxygen. The interactions and evolutions of AOA and AOB communities along ecological gradients of substrate availability in complex environment have been much debated, but rarely tested. In this study, two ecosystems of maize and rice crops under different fertilization regimes were selected to investigate the community diversification of soil AOA and AOB in response to long-term field fertilization and flooding management in an acid soil. Real-time quantitative PCR of amoA genes demonstrated that the abundance of AOA was significantly stimulated after conversion of upland to paddy soils, while slight decline of AOB populations was observed. DGGE fingerprints of amoA genes further revealed remarkable changes in community compositions of AOA in paddy soil when compared to upland soil. Sequencing analysis revealed that upland soil was dominated by AOA within the soil group 1.1b lineage, while the marine group 1.1a lineage predominated AOA communities in paddy soils. Irrespective of upland and paddy soils, long-term field fertilizations led to higher abundance of amoA genes of AOA and AOB than control treatment that received no fertilization, whereas archaeal amoA gene abundances outnumbered their bacterial counterpart in all samples. Phylogenetic analyses of amoA genes showed that Nitrosospira cluster 3-like AOB dominated bacterial ammonia oxidizers in both paddy and upland soils, regardless of fertilization treatments. The results of this study suggest that the marine group 1.1a AOA could be better adapted to low-oxygen environment than AOA ecotypes of the soil group 1.1b lineage, and implicate that long-term flooding as the dominant selective force driving the community diversification of AOA populations in the acid soil tested.

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Long-Term Fertilization Effects on β-Glucosaminidase Activity in a Chinese Mollisol

Functions of Natural Organic Matter in Changing Environment ◽

10.1007/978-94-007-5634-2_82 ◽

2012 ◽

pp. 455-459

Author(s):

Wei Zhang ◽

Xudong Zhang ◽

Hongbo He

Keyword(s):

Fertilization Effects

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Fertilization of spruce monocultures in the territory of Training Forest Enterprise in Kostelec nad Černými lesy

Journal of Forest Science ◽

10.17221/10163-jfs ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 52 (Special Issue) ◽

pp. S73-S78 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

J. Remeš ◽

V.V. Podrázský

Keyword(s):

Soil Profile ◽

Soil Chemistry ◽

General Trend ◽

Soil Condition ◽

N Fertilization ◽

Nutrient Contents ◽

Site Fertility ◽

Humus Accumulation ◽

Fertilization Effects

Long-term fertilization effects were evaluated including NPK, Ca and N applications at the lower altitudes. The studied localities are in the territory of Training Forest Enterprise in Kostelec nad Černými lesy, at an altitude of 300–500 m a.s.l., sites of beech-oak-fir types. Fertilizers were used in 1965–1967, the evaluation of soil condition was done in 1967 (before fertilization) and 2002. After 25–35 years, only low effects of fertilization are detectable in the humus forms and complex soil profile – surface humus accumulation, soil chemistry, as well as nutrient contents. Complex fertilization was reflected in higher site fertility in general, N-fertilization only in the progress of acidification. During the period 1967–2002, a strong general trend of acidification is obvious caused by both acid deposition and Norway spruce monoculture-based forestry.

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