Soil prokaryotic community resilience, fungal colonisation and increased cross-domain co-occurrence in response to a plant-growth enhancing organic amendment

Fresh leaves of Calotropis procera, Wedelia chinensis, Lantana camara, Jatropha pandurifolia, Parthenium hysterophorus and Nerium indicum were evaluated for their hatching and mortality of Meloidogyne incognita. After that tested plants were used as an organic amendment for the management of M. incognita affecting Tomato. Four concentrations S, S/10, S/100 and S/1000 of leaf extracts of tested plants were prepared. All the plant extracts showed varied and significant results over control. The “S” concentration of leaf extracts of C. procera, P. hysterophorus, L. camara and W. chinensis exhibited 100% mortality over J. Pandurifolia, N. indicum after 48 h exposure period. Similarly, larval hatching was completely inhibited by “S” concentration of extracts of tested plants except for N. indicum after five days of the exposure period. Increased dilution showed a direct effect on hatching but a contrary effect on mortality. The juvenile mortality increased with increase in exposure period. In pot condition, soil amended with chopped leaves of tested plants 50 g and100 g alone and in combination with 50 g leaves plus carbofuran significantly enhanced the plant growth and decreased host infestation caused by M. incognita over control. Among treatments, C. procera leaves plus carbofuran were found to be the best in increasing plant growth and chlorophyll content.

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298 Biosolids and Soil Solarization Effects on Bell Pepper (Capsicum annuum) Production and Soil Fertility in a Sustainable Production System

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.35.3.443a ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 35 (3) ◽

pp. 443A-443 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Monica Ozores-Hampton ◽

Phillip A. Stansly ◽

Thomas A. Obreza

Keyword(s):

Plant Growth ◽

Soil Fertility ◽

Capsicum Annuum ◽

Methyl Bromide ◽

Organic Amendment ◽

Plant Biomass ◽

Bell Pepper ◽

Soil Solarization ◽

Fertilization Program ◽

Sustainable Solutions

Methyl bromide will be unavailable to conventional vegetable growers in the year 2005, and it cannot be used by organic growers. Chemical alternatives are more expensive and may also be subject to future restrictions. Non-chemical alternatives like solarization and organic amendments are as yet largely unproven but do offer promise of sustainable solutions free of government regulation. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of soil-incorporated biosolids and soil solarization on plant growth, yield, and soil fertility. Main plots were a biosolids soil amendment (37 Mg·ha-1 and a non-amended control. Treated main plots had received some type of organic amendment for the previous 6 years. Sub-plots were fumigated with methyl bromide as they had been for 6 years, or non-fumigated. Non-fumigated plots were further split into solarized and non-solarized plots. Bell pepper (Capsicum annuum `X 3R Aladdin') was grown for 8 months. Nitrogen fertilization was reduced to 50% of the recommended rate in the biosolids plots due to expected N mineralization from the biosolids amendment. Plant biomass was higher in the biosolids plots compared with the non-amended plots but there were no differences in marketable pepper yields between biosolids and non-biosolids plots. Plants grown in solarized soil produced lower plant biomass and yields than the methyl bromide and non-fumigated treatments. Soil pH and Mehlich 1-extractable P, K, Ca, Mg, Zn, Mn, Fe, and Cu were higher in biosolids plots than in non-amended control plots. Soil organic matter concentration was 3-fold higher where biosolids were applied compared with non-amended soil. The results suggest that regular organic amendment applications to a sandy Florida soil can increase plant growth and produce similar yields with less inorganic nutrients than are applied in a standard fertilization program. However, methyl bromide and non-fumigated treatments produced higher yields than soil solarization.

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Proximate composition of trash fishes and their utilization as organic amendment for plant growth

Journal of the Marine Biological Association of India ◽

10.6024/jmbai.2014.56.2.01780a-02 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 56 (2) ◽

pp. 11-15 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Ramalingam, V. ◽

Thirunavukkarasu, N. ◽

Nissy Chandy ◽

Rajaram R.

Keyword(s):

Plant Growth ◽

Proximate Composition ◽

Organic Amendment

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Role of antagonistic microorganisms and organic amendment in stimulating the defense system of okra against root rotting fungi

Polish Journal of Microbiology ◽

10.33073/pjm-2015-023 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 64 (2) ◽

pp. 157-162 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

HAFIZA ASMA SHAFIQUE ◽

VIQAR SULTANA ◽

JEHAN ARA ◽

SYED EHTESHAMUL-HAQUE ◽

MOHAMMAD ATHAR

Keyword(s):

Plant Growth ◽

Organic Amendment ◽

Positive Impact ◽

Crop Protection ◽

Macrophomina Phaseolina ◽

Promising Alternative ◽

Antagonistic Microorganisms ◽

Plant Growth Promoting ◽

Chemical Pesticides

Without application of chemical pesticides control of soilborne diseases is a great challenge. Stimulation of natural plant's defense is considered as one of the most promising alternative strategy for crop protection. Organic amendment of soil besides direct suppressing the pathogen, has been reported to have an influence on phytochemicals in plants. In the present study, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a plant growth promoting rhizobacterium and Paecilomyces lilacinus, an egg parasite of root knot and cysts nematodes were examined individually and in combination in soil amended with cotton cake for suppressing the root rotting fungi and stimulating the synthesis of polyphenols and improving the antioxidant status in okra. Application of P. aeruginosa and P. lilacinus in soil amended with cotton cake significantly (P < 0.05) suppressed Macrophomina phaseolina, Fusarium oxysporum, and Fusarium solani with complete reduction of Rhizoctonia solani. Combine use of biocontrol agents in cotton cake amended soil showed maximum positive impact on plant growth, polyphenol concentration and antioxidant activity in okra.

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Influence of Fertilization Treatment using Organic Amendment based on Soil Testing on Plant Growth and Nutrient use Efficiency in Cabbage

Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture ◽

10.5338/kjea.2020.39.2.13 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 39 (2) ◽

pp. 95-105

Author(s):

Jin-Soo Lim ◽

Bang-Hyun Lee ◽

Seung-Hee Kang ◽

Tae-Guen Lee

Keyword(s):

Plant Growth ◽

Organic Amendment ◽

Nutrient Use Efficiency ◽

Soil Testing ◽

Nutrient Use ◽

Use Efficiency

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Suitability of a municipal solid waste as organic amendment for agricultural and metal(loid)-contaminated soils: effects on soil properties, plant growth and metal(loid) allocation in Zea mays L.

Journal of Soils and Sediments ◽

10.1007/s11368-017-1699-z ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 17 (10) ◽

pp. 2469-2480 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Isabel Párraga-Aguado ◽

Pedro Alcoba-Gómez ◽

Héctor M. Conesa

Keyword(s):

Zea Mays ◽

Plant Growth ◽

Municipal Solid Waste ◽

Soil Properties ◽

Solid Waste ◽

Contaminated Soils ◽

Zea Mays L ◽

Organic Amendment

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Phosphorus availability as affected by the application of organic amendments in Ultisols

Sains Tanah - Journal of Soil Science and Agroclimatology ◽

10.20961/stjssa.v17i1.41284 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

pp. 16

Author(s):

Zainal Muktamar ◽

Lifia Lifia ◽

Teguh Adiprasetyo

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Plant Growth ◽

Organic Amendment ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Cattle Manure ◽

Chicken Manure ◽

P Availability ◽

Continuous Increase ◽

Total Soil ◽

Exchangeable Al

The adequacy and availability of phosphorous (P) in the soil during the organic matter decomposition are important for plant growth, especially in the early stages since most organic matter slowly release plant nutrients. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the availability of P during organic amendments in Ultisols. The incubation experiment used a completely Randomized Design (CRD) for 7 treatments which consisted of vermicompost, chicken, and cattle manure at the rate of 15 and 30 Mg ha-1. Soil and organic amendments were incorporated into a 5 kg polybag and the mixture was incubated for 7 weeks. The soil was sampled at the 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 weeks, and analyzed for P availability and pH. Also, the Total Soil Organic Carbon (TSOC), Total Soil Nitrogen (TSN), exchangeable Al, and Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC) were analyzed from the soil sampled either at week 4 or 7. The result showed that P increased slowly in the first 3 weeks of incubation, followed by a drastic continuous increase in week 4. The experiment also confirmed that chicken manure released the highest and fastest amount of P to the soil as compared to vermicompost, and cattle manure. On average, the increment of P was 2.28, 1.71, and 1.97 mg kg-1 week-1 for chicken manure, vermicompost, and cattle manure respectively. Furthermore, the improvement of soil chemical properties was achieved using amendment as indicated by the increase in TSN, soil pH, and a decrease in exchangeable Al. The result was significant for P organic fertilization to ensure its availability for plant growth, leading to improved productivity, especially in organic farming systems.

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Mechanisms of ethylene biosynthesis and response in plants

Essays in Biochemistry ◽

10.1042/bse0580061 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 58 ◽

pp. 61-70 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Paul B. Larsen

Keyword(s):

Plant Growth ◽

Growth And Development ◽

Ethylene Biosynthesis ◽

Unsaturated Hydrocarbon ◽

Flower Senescence ◽

Detailed Knowledge ◽

Plant Growth And Development ◽

Step Process ◽

Ethylene Response ◽

Ethylene Signalling

Ethylene is the simplest unsaturated hydrocarbon, yet it has profound effects on plant growth and development, including many agriculturally important phenomena. Analysis of the mechanisms underlying ethylene biosynthesis and signalling have resulted in the elucidation of multistep mechanisms which at first glance appear simple, but in fact represent several levels of control to tightly regulate the level of production and response. Ethylene biosynthesis represents a two-step process that is regulated at both the transcriptional and post-translational levels, thus enabling plants to control the amount of ethylene produced with regard to promotion of responses such as climacteric flower senescence and fruit ripening. Ethylene production subsequently results in activation of the ethylene response, as ethylene accumulation will trigger the ethylene signalling pathway to activate ethylene-dependent transcription for promotion of the response and for resetting the pathway. A more detailed knowledge of the mechanisms underlying biosynthesis and the ethylene response will ultimately enable new approaches to be developed for control of the initiation and progression of ethylene-dependent developmental processes, many of which are of horticultural significance.

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