Characterization of the venom and external morphology of a natural hybrid between Crotalus atrox and Crotalus mictlantecuhtli

Denticles are small, tooth-like protrusions that are commonly found on the palate of early tetrapods. Despite their widespread taxonomic occurrence and similar external morphology to marginal teeth, it has not been rigorously tested whether denticles are structurally homologous to true teeth with features such as a pulp cavity, dentine, and enamel, or if they are bony, tooth-like protrusions. Additionally, the denticles are known to occur not only on the palatal bones but also on a mosaic of small palatal plates that is thought to have covered the interpterygoid vacuities of temnospondyls through implantation in a soft tissue covering; however, these plates have never been examined beyond a simple description of their position and external morphology. Accordingly, we performed a histological analysis of these denticulate palatal plates in a dissorophoid temnospondyl in order to characterize their microanatomy and histology. The dentition on these palatal plates has been found to be homologous with true teeth on the basis of both external morphology and histological data through the identification of features such as enamel and a pulp cavity surrounded by dentine. In addition, patterns of tooth replacement and ankylosis support the hypothesis of structural homology between these tiny teeth on the palatal plates and the much larger marginal dentition. We also provide the first histological characterization of the palatal plates, including documentation of abundant Sharpey’s fibres that provide a direct line of evidence to support the hypothesis of soft tissue implantation. Finally, we conducted a survey of the literature to determine the taxonomic distribution of these plates within Temnospondyli, providing a broader context for the presence of palatal plates and illustrating the importance of maintaining consistency in nomenclature.

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Morphological and anatomical characterization of a new natural hybrid between Cohniella ascendens and C. brachyphylla (Oncidiinae: Orchidaceae)

Phytotaxa ◽

10.11646/phytotaxa.144.2.2 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 144 (2) ◽

pp. 45 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

WILLIAM CETZAL-IX ◽

GERMAN CARNEVALI ◽

ELIANA NOGUERA-SAVELLI ◽

DAMELIS JAUREGUI

Keyword(s):

Costa Rica ◽

The Other ◽

Natural Hybrid ◽

Lateral Extension ◽

Diagnostic Characters ◽

Central Lobe ◽

Cylindrical Column ◽

Anatomical Characters ◽

Column Base

A putative natural hybrid between Cohniella ascendens and C. brachyphylla (Orchidaceae, Oncidiinae) from western Costa Rica, C. ×francoi, is herein newly described, illustrated and characterized based upon both morphological and anatomical characters. This taxon hybrid is most similar to C. ascendens but the flowers show intermediate characters between the putative parents. Cohniella ×francoi is similar to C. ascendens in its semipendulous inflorescences, callus shape, cylindrical column base with linear oblong wings, and obovate stigmatic cavity plus several anatomical characters. On the other hand, it is similar to C. brachyphylla in the oblong to subquadrate lateral lobes of the labellum that are in the same plane as the central lobe, and the rectangular disc of the labellum with a lateral extension of the callus in the margins. A table of diagnostic characters for the new hybrid and its putative parents, a comparative figure, and a map showing their geographical distributions are also provided. Cohniella ×francoi, un híbrido natural entre Cohniella ascendens y C. brachyphylla (Orchidaceae, Oncidiinae) del oeste de Costa Rica es aquí descrito, ilustrado y caracterizado por caracteres morfológicos y anatómicos. El nuevo híbrido es más similar a C. ascendens pero las flores presentan caracteres intermedios entre sus padres putativos. Cohniella ×francoi se parece a C. ascendens en la inflorescencia semipéndula, la forma del callo, la columna cilíndrica con las alas linear oblongas y la cavidad estigmática obovada, además de varios caracteres anatómicos. Por otro lado, es similar a C. brachyphylla por los lóbulos laterales del labelo oblongos a subcuadrados y extendidos en el mismo plano que el lóbulo central y el disco rectangular con extensiones laterales del callo en los márgenes. Adicionalmente, proporcionamos una tabla de caracteres diagnósticos para el nuevo híbrido y sus padres putativos, una figura comparativa y un mapa detallando las distribuciones geográficas de los tres taxones.

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Isolation and characterization of reptilian insulin: Partial amino acid sequence of rattlesnake (Crotalus atrox) insulin

General and Comparative Endocrinology ◽

10.1016/0016-6480(76)90184-2 ◽

1976 ◽

Vol 28 (3) ◽

pp. 320-333 ◽

Cited By ~ 25

Author(s):

Joe R. Kimmel ◽

Michael J. Maher ◽

H.Gail Pollock ◽

William H. Vensel

Keyword(s):

Amino Acid ◽

Amino Acid Sequence ◽

Partial Amino Acid Sequence ◽

Crotalus Atrox ◽

Isolation And Characterization

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Mechanical Characterization of Baslat Based Natural Hybrid Composites for Aerospace Applications

IOP Conference Series Materials Science and Engineering ◽

10.1088/1757-899x/197/1/012008 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 197 ◽

pp. 012008 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

J. Alexander ◽

S.J Elphej Churchill

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Characterization ◽

Hybrid Composites ◽

Natural Hybrid ◽

Aerospace Applications

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Complete amino acid sequences and characterization of the serine protease variants from Deinagkistrodon acutus and Crotalus atrox venoms

Biochemical Society Transactions ◽

10.1042/bst028a323 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 28 (5) ◽

pp. A323-A323

Author(s):

Inn-Ho Tsai ◽

Ying-Ming Wang ◽

Suei-Rong Wang ◽

Anthony T. Tu

Keyword(s):

Amino Acid ◽

Serine Protease ◽

Amino Acid Sequences ◽

Crotalus Atrox ◽

Deinagkistrodon Acutus

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ON THE NATURAL HYBRID POPULATION OF HEMEROCALLIS

Canadian Journal of Botany ◽

10.1139/b61-054 ◽

1961 ◽

Vol 39 (3) ◽

pp. 667-681 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Shoichi Kawano

Keyword(s):

Comparative Study ◽

Parental Species ◽

Ecological Condition ◽

External Morphology ◽

Hybrid Population ◽

Cytological Analysis ◽

Natural Hybrid ◽

Hybrid Swarm

A large natural hybrid population between Hemerocallis middendorffii and Hemerocallis yezoensis occurs at Otanoshike and its neighborhood in the eastern part of Hokkaido, Japan. This report is the result of a comparative study on external morphology and cytological analysis of the hybrid swarm at Otanoshike and of the parental species from various localities in Hokkaido. The hybrid population at Otanoshike represents morphologically an "introgressive status", and this fact is well understood in connection with the ecological condition of the habitat. Among the hybrid swarm intermediate types are dominant. Cytologically, all the material examined was diploid, i.e., it had 2n = 22.

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