Exposure to glyphosate and glyphosate-based herbicides during the perinatal period affect maternal behavior and maternal brain plasticity

2017 ◽  
Vol 280 ◽  
pp. S151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie Dechartres ◽  
Jodi L. Pawluski ◽  
Niece Nmezu ◽  
Charlène Renoult ◽  
Thierry D. Charlier
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Behavior ◽  
Brain Plasticity ◽  
Perinatal Period ◽  
Maternal Brain

scholarly journals Prolactin-Induced Mitogenesis in the Subventricular Zone of the Maternal Brain during Early Pregnancy Is Essential for Normal Postpartum Behavioral Responses in the Mother

Endocrinology ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 151 (8) ◽  
pp. 3805-3814 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline M. Larsen ◽  
David R. Grattan
Keyword(s):  
Early Pregnancy ◽  
Maternal Behavior ◽  
Subventricular Zone ◽  
Prolactin Secretion ◽  
Neural Progenitors ◽  
Postpartum Anxiety ◽  
Maternal Behaviors ◽  
Maternal Brain ◽  
Normal Expression ◽  
Normal Increase

High prolactin during pregnancy, which is essential for normal postpartum maternal behavior, increases neurogenesis in the subventricular zone of the lateral ventricle (SVZ) of the maternal brain. Because SVZ mitogenesis generates new olfactory neurons and may contribute to perception of novel odorants, we hypothesized that the prolactin-induced increase in SVZ mitogenesis during pregnancy might be important for normal maternal interactions with pups. To investigate this hypothesis, prolactin secretion was suppressed for 3 d early in pregnancy in mice, using a carefully timed dose of bromocriptine. The bromocriptine-induced reduction in prolactin prevented the normal increase in generation of neural progenitors in the SVZ of the maternal brain. Another group of bromocriptine-treated animals were allowed to continue their pregnancy until term, and then maternal behaviors were evaluated postpartum. Low prolactin during early pregnancy, and the consequent suppression of mitogenesis in the SVZ of the maternal brain, was subsequently followed by increased postpartum anxiety and markedly impaired maternal behavior. In another group of pregnant females, injections of the mitotic inhibitor methylazoxymethanol to specifically suppress neurogenesis in the mother during early pregnancy without affecting prolactin secretion also caused postpartum anxiety and impaired maternal behavior. These data demonstrate that prolactin-induced increase in generation of neural progenitors in the SVZ of the maternal brain during early pregnancy is required for normal expression of postpartum maternal behaviors.

scholarly journals Oxytocin and Maternal Brain Plasticity

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 (153) ◽  
pp. 59-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sohye Kim ◽  
Lane Strathearn
Keyword(s):  
Brain Plasticity ◽  
Maternal Brain

scholarly journals Glyphosate and glyphosate‐based herbicide exposure during the peripartum period affects maternal brain plasticity, maternal behaviour and microbiome

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie Dechartres ◽  
Jodi L. Pawluski ◽  
Marie‐Madeleine Gueguen ◽  
Amin Jablaoui ◽  
Emmanuelle Maguin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Plasticity ◽  
Maternal Behaviour ◽  
Maternal Brain ◽  
Peripartum Period ◽  
Herbicide Exposure

The influence of n-3 fatty acids on maternal behavior and brain monoamines in the perinatal period

2016 ◽  
Vol 107 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akiko Harauma ◽  
Takayuki Sagisaka ◽  
Taku Horii ◽  
Yoshitake Watanabe ◽  
Toru Moriguchi
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Maternal Behavior ◽  
Perinatal Period ◽  
Brain Monoamines

scholarly journals Prolactin action in the medial preoptic area is necessary for postpartum maternal nursing behavior

2017 ◽  
Vol 114 (40) ◽  
pp. 10779-10784 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosemary S. E. Brown ◽  
Mari Aoki ◽  
Sharon R. Ladyman ◽  
Hollian R. Phillipps ◽  
Amanda Wyatt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Behavior ◽  
Maternal Care ◽  
Preoptic Area ◽  
Neural Circuit ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Medial Preoptic Area ◽  
Prolactin Signaling ◽  
Maternal Brain ◽  
Normal Expression

Pregnancy hormones, such as prolactin, sensitize neural circuits controlling parental interactions to induce timely activation of maternal behaviors immediately after parturition. While the medial preoptic area (MPOA) is known to be critical for maternal behavior, the specific role of prolactin in this brain region has remained elusive. Here, we evaluated the role of prolactin action in the MPOA using complementary genetic strategies in mice. We characterized prolactin-responsive neurons within the MPOA at different hormonal stages and delineated their projections in the brain. We found that MPOA neurons expressing prolactin receptors (Prlr) form the nexus of a complex prolactin-responsive neural circuit, indicating that changing prolactin levels can act at multiple sites and thus, impinge on the overall activity of a distributed network of neurons. Conditional KO of Prlr from neuronal subpopulations expressing the neurotransmitters GABA or glutamate within this circuit markedly reduced the capacity for prolactin action both in the MPOA and throughout the network. Each of these manipulations, however, produced only subtle impacts on maternal care, suggesting that this distributed circuit is robust with respect to alterations in prolactin signaling. In contrast, acute deletion of Prlr in all MPOA neurons of adult female mice resulted in profound deficits in maternal care soon after birth. All mothers abandoned their pups, showing that prolactin action on MPOA neurons is necessary for the normal expression of postpartum maternal behavior in mice. Our data establish a critical role for prolactin-induced behavioral responses in the maternal brain, ensuring survival of mammalian offspring.

Influence of ω3 fatty acids on maternal behavior and brain oxytocin in the murine perinatal period

2022 ◽  
Vol 176 ◽  
pp. 102386
Author(s):  
Akiko Harauma ◽  
Shunichi Nakamura ◽  
Natsuko Wakinaka ◽  
Kazutaka Mogi ◽  
Toru Moriguchi
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Maternal Behavior ◽  
Perinatal Period ◽  
Ω3 Fatty Acids

The Parental Brain in Humans

2020 ◽  
pp. 229-278
Author(s):  
Michael Numan
Keyword(s):  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Maternal Behavior ◽  
Corticotropin Releasing Factor ◽  
Neural Systems ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Maternal Brain ◽  
Imaging Research ◽  
Cortical Regions ◽  
Maternal Cognitions ◽  
Parental Brain

Chapter 8 reviews the human parental brain. Most functional magnetic resonance imaging research has examined the maternal brain, with some research on the paternal brain. Although woman show allomaternal behavior, defensive neural circuits may depress maternal responsiveness under certain conditions. The subcortical circuits associated with human maternal behavior match those in nonhuman mammals and include medial preoptic area, mesolimbic dopamine, amygdala, and oxytocin neural systems. Interacting with these subcortical circuits are cortical regions, including dorsomedial prefrontal cortex and anterior insula, that are involved in maternal cognitions, empathy, emotions, and emotion regulation. The medial prefrontal cortex connects some of these cortical regions with the subcortical circuitry so that maternal cognitions and emotions can be translated into appropriate maternal behavior. The poor maternal behavior associated with postpartum depression may result from dysfunctions within these circuits, and alterations in corticotropin-releasing factor and OT may be involved.

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