A systematic review of rubella vaccination strategies implemented in the Americas: impact on the incidence and seroprevalence rates of rubella and congenital rubella syndrome

Vaccine ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (17) ◽  
pp. 2145-2151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norma Mongua-Rodriguez ◽  
José Luis Díaz-Ortega ◽  
Lourdes García-García ◽  
Maricela Piña-Pozas ◽  
Elizabeth Ferreira-Guerrero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Congenital Rubella Syndrome ◽  
Vaccination Strategies ◽  
Congenital Rubella ◽  
Rubella Vaccination

Burden of Congenital Rubella Syndrome (CRS) in Bangladesh: Systematic Review of Existing Literature and Transmission Modelling of Seroprevalence Studies

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 284-290
Author(s):  
Jocelyn Chan ◽  
Yue Wu ◽  
James Wood ◽  
Mohammad Muhit ◽  
Mohammed K. Mahmood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Deterministic Model ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Controlled Vocabulary ◽  
Congenital Rubella Syndrome ◽  
Free Text ◽  
Childbearing Age ◽  
Vaccination Programs ◽  
Congenital Rubella ◽  
The Impact

Background and Objectives: Congenital Rubella Syndrome (CRS) is the leading cause of vaccine-preventable congenital anomalies. Comprehensive country-level data on the burden of CRS in low and middle-income countries, such as Bangladesh, are scarce. This information is essential for assessing the impact of rubella vaccination programs. We aim to systematically review the literature on the epidemiology of CRS and estimate the burden of CRS in Bangladesh. Methods: We conducted a systematic review of existing literature and transmission modelling of seroprevalence studies to estimate the pre-vaccine period burden of CRS in Bangladesh. OVID Medline (1948 – 23 November 2016) and OVID EMBASE (1974 – 23 November 2016) were searched using a combination of the database-specific controlled vocabulary and free text terms. We used an age-stratified deterministic model to estimate the pre-vaccination burden of CRS in Bangladesh. Findings: Ten articles were identified, published between 2000 and 2014, including seven crosssectional studies, two case series and one analytical case-control study. Rubella seropositivity ranged from 47.0% to 86.0% among all age population. Rubella sero–positivity increased with age. Rubella seropositivity among women of childbearing age was 81.0% overall. The estimated incidence of CRS was 0·99 per 1,000 live births, which corresponds to approximately 3,292 CRS cases annually in Bangladesh. Conclusion: The estimated burden of CRS in Bangladesh during the pre-vaccination period was high. This will provide important baseline information to assess the impact and cost-effectiveness of routine rubella immunisation, introduced in 2012 in Bangladesh.

scholarly journals Using Seroprevalence and Immunisation Coverage Data to Estimate the Global Burden of Congenital Rubella Syndrome, 1996-2010: A Systematic Review

PLoS ONE ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. e0149160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emilia Vynnycky ◽  
Elisabeth J. Adams ◽  
Felicity T. Cutts ◽  
Susan E. Reef ◽  
Ann Marie Navar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Congenital Rubella Syndrome ◽  
Global Burden ◽  
Immunisation Coverage ◽  
Congenital Rubella

scholarly journals Developing Rubella Vaccination Policy in Nepal—Results From Rubella Surveillance and Seroprevalence and Congenital Rubella Syndrome Studies

2011 ◽  
Vol 204 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. S433-S438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shyam Raj Upreti ◽  
Kusum Thapa ◽  
Yasho Vardan Pradhan ◽  
Geeta Shakya ◽  
Yuddha Dhoj Sapkota ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Rubella Syndrome ◽  
Vaccination Policy ◽  
Congenital Rubella ◽  
Rubella Vaccination

Rubella — what is the danger of this disease?

2021 ◽  
pp. 14-18
Author(s):  
Vladimir Anatolievich Klimov
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Immunization Coverage ◽  
Intrauterine Infection ◽  
Joint Inflammation ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Congenital Rubella Syndrome ◽  
Developmental Defects ◽  
Congenital Rubella ◽  
Rubella Vaccination ◽  
Torch Infections

Rubella, along with toxoplasmosis, cytomegalovirus and herpes, belongs to TORCH infections, diseases that can have a detrimental effect on the fetus if infected during pregnancy. The disease is caused by a virus, the only known source and carrier of which is human. Mostly children and young people are susceptible to the disease; they tolerate the disease quite easily. Of the clinical symptoms, it should be noted the appearance of a rash, a slight increase in temperature, regional lymphadenitis, and sometimes conjunctivitis. In adults, joint inflammation can also occur, which usually lasts 3–7 days. The rubella virus is most dangerous when a woman first becomes infected during pregnancy, especially in the first trimester. The probability of intrauterine infection of the fetus in this situation is 90 %, as a result of which it may die or develop congenital rubella syndrome (CRS). As a result, children with congenital rubella syndrome can suffer from developmental defects, hearing and visual impairments, diabetes mellitus and thyroid disorders. To prevent intrauterine infection of the fetus, vaccination against rubella is carried out, which leads to the development of stable immunity. Today rubella vaccination is carried out in 168 countries of the world, which allows immunization coverage of about 70 % of women. The countries of the African continent and Southeast Asia are the least affected by rubella vaccination, as a result of which there are about 4 cases of births of children in utero infected with the virus per 1000 births.

scholarly journals Congenital Rubella Syndrome among Hospitalised Infants in South India - A Long Way to Go

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 551-555
Author(s):  
Aslam Pala Kuzhiyil ◽  
Rajesh Thaliyil Veettil ◽  
Binci Charulatha ◽  
Geeta M. Govindaraj
Keyword(s):  
Ductus Arteriosus ◽  
Psychosocial Problems ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Congenital Rubella Syndrome ◽  
Psychosocial Burden ◽  
Surgical Interventions ◽  
Congenital Rubella ◽  
Run Up ◽  
Rubella Vaccination ◽  
Salt And Pepper

BACKGROUND The prevalence of rubella immunity in India is 55 % in pregnant women during the first 3 months of pregnancy and nearly 45 % of women are susceptible to congenital rubella syndrome. The exact epidemiology or actual burden of congenital rubella syndrome has not yet been assessed in the Indian population. In the run up to the target of controlling congenital rubella by 2020, there is added impetus to document congenital rubella syndrome cases, its clinical characteristics, interventions needed and psychosocial problems of infants and their parents, admitted with laboratory confirmed congenital rubella syndrome. METHODS A retrospective study based on hospital records was conducted between January 2016 and December 2017. Clinically confirmed cases not satisfying laboratory criteria for congenital rubella syndrome were excluded. In-depth interviews of mothers were conducted. RESULTS 16 infants with a positive IgM rubella antibody were included. Microcephaly was observed in 9 (56 %) babies. Ophthalmological manifestations were present in 12 (75 %) babies; of whom 9 (75 %) had cataract. Glaucoma occurred in 3 (18 %) babies and 2 (12.5 %) had salt and pepper retinopathy. Hearing impairment was detected in 8 (50 %) babies. Congenital heart disease was present in 15 (93.7 %) infants. Surgical interventions including cataract surgery, patent ductus arteriosus ligation and cochlear implantation were necessary in 14 babies. CONCLUSIONS Congenital rubella syndrome is still a significant problem and urgent measures are needed to increase immunisation coverage of the target population. Affected families endure a heavy physical and psychosocial burden, which should be addressed simultaneously. KEYWORDS Congenital Rubella Syndrome, Rubella Vaccination, Cataracts

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