Mitophagy mediated by BNIP3 and BNIP3L/NIX in urothelial cells of the urinary bladder of cattle harbouring bovine papillomavirus infection

Impaired keratinocyte differentiation has recently been suggested as a key event in equine hoof canker development. Koilocytotic appearance of keratinocytes, one of the most characteristic morphological alterations in hoof canker tissue, is also a common marker for papillomavirus (PV) infection, and bovine PV-1 and/or -2 (BPV-1/2) has previously been detected in equine canker patients. Therefore, the present study aimed to correlate the frequency and severity of koilocytotic keratinocytes with BPV detection in hoof canker samples. Hoof tissue of 5/18 canker-affected horses and 2/6 control horses tested positive for BPV-1/2 DNA using polymerase chain reaction. Thus, no association between the presence of BPV-1/2 papillomaviral DNA and koilocytotic appearance was found. Proteins associated with but not specific for PV infection were also investigated. Using immunohistochemistry, specific adhesion molecules (E-cadherin and β-catenin) and intermediate filaments (keratins 6 and 14) important for intact epidermal barrier function and keratinocyte differentiation were documented in control samples ( n = 6) and in hoof canker tissue samples ( n = 19). Altered expression patterns of intermediate filaments and adhesion molecules were demonstrated in canker tissue, confirming the importance of incomplete keratinocyte differentiation, as well as the crucial role of keratinocyte differentiation in hoof canker.

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Cell cycle kinetics of regenerating urothelial cells of the rat urinary bladder after partial cystectomy

Virchows Archiv B Cell Pathology Including Molecular Pathology ◽

10.1007/bf02892807 ◽

1981 ◽

Vol 38 (1) ◽

pp. 117-125 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

E. Kunze ◽

H. -H. Wöltjen ◽

F. J. Nehm ◽

A. Schauer

Keyword(s):

Cell Cycle ◽

Urinary Bladder ◽

Partial Cystectomy ◽

Urothelial Cells ◽

Cell Cycle Kinetics ◽

Rat Urinary Bladder ◽

Kinetics Of

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Morphometric analysis of the translocation of lumenal membrane between cytoplasm and cell surface of transitional epithelial cells during the expansion-contraction cycles of mammalian urinary bladder

The Journal of Cell Biology ◽

10.1083/jcb.77.3.685 ◽

1978 ◽

Vol 77 (3) ◽

pp. 685-697 ◽

Cited By ~ 88

Author(s):

BD Minsky ◽

FJ Chlapowski

Keyword(s):

Urinary Bladder ◽

Surface Area ◽

Guinea Pigs ◽

Quantitative Data ◽

Membrane Surface ◽

Urothelial Cells ◽

Membrane Surface Area ◽

Authentic Relationship ◽

Discoidal Vesicles ◽

Contraction Cycle

The flow of membrane between the cytoplasm and the lumenal surface during the expansion-contraction cycle of urinary bladder was estimated by stereological examination of electron micrographs of urothelial cells from guinea pigs, gerbils, hamsters, rabbits, and rats. The quantitative data obtained allowed an approximation of the surface area, volume, and numbers of lumenal membranelike vesicles and infoldings per unit volume of cytoplasm. Depending upon the species, approximately 85 to approximately 94% of the membrane surface area translocated into and out of the cytoplasm was in the form of discoidal vesicles. The remainder was accounted for by infoldings of the lumenal plasma membrane. The density of vesicles involved in transfer of membrane was quite similar in all the species examined, except guinea pigs which yielded lower values. In contrast, the densities of the total cytoplasmic pools of discoidal vesicles potentially available for translocation varied greatly among the different species. In general, species of animals with a highly concentrated urine had a greater density of discoidal vesicles than species with a less concentrated urine. This correlation may indicate an authentic relationship between lumenal membranes and the tonicity of urine, such as increased membrane recycling or turnover with increasingly hypertonic urine; or it may signify the existence of some other, more obscure relationship.

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Epithelial-mesenchymal interactions in prostatic development. I. morphological observations of prostatic induction by urogenital sinus mesenchyme in epithelium of the adult rodent urinary bladder.

The Journal of Cell Biology ◽

10.1083/jcb.96.6.1662 ◽

1983 ◽

Vol 96 (6) ◽

pp. 1662-1670 ◽

Cited By ~ 174

Author(s):

G R Cunha ◽

H Fujii ◽

B L Neubauer ◽

J M Shannon ◽

L Sawyer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Urinary Bladder ◽

Secretory Granules ◽

Secretory Activity ◽

Structural Features ◽

Urogenital Sinus ◽

Nonspecific Esterase ◽

Urothelial Cells ◽

Adult Rats ◽

Bladder Urothelium

Tissue recombinants of embryonic urogenital sinus mesenchyme (UGM) and epithelium of the urinary bladder (urothelium, BLE) of adult rats and mice were grown for 3-30 d in male syngeneic hosts. Short-term in vivo growth indicated that prostatic morphogenesis is initiated as focal outgrowths from the basal aspect of the adult urothelium. The solid epithelial buds elongate, branch, and subsequently canalize, forming prostatic acini. After 30 d of growth in the male hosts, prostatic acini exhibit secretory activity. The marked changes in urothelial morphology induced by the UGM are accompanied by the expression of fine-structural features indicative of secretory function (rough endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, and secretory granules). During this process, urothelial cells express prostatic histochemical markers (alkaline phosphatase, nonspecific esterase, glycosaminoglycans) and prostate-specific antigens. The expression within BLE of prostatic characteristics is associated with the loss of urothelial characteristics. These data indicate that adult urothelial cells retain a responsiveness to embryonic mesenchymal inductors. Furthermore, mesenchyme-induced changes in urothelial cytodifferentiation appear to be coupled to changes in functional activity.

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Bovine Papillomavirus Type-2 (BPV-2) Infection and Expression of Uroplakin IIIb, a Novel Urothelial Cell Marker, in Urinary Bladder Tumors of Cows

Veterinary Pathology ◽

10.1354/vp.42-6-812 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 42 (6) ◽

pp. 812-818 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

S. Roperto ◽

V. Ambrosio ◽

G. Borzacchiello ◽

P. Galati ◽

O. Paciello ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Urinary Bladder ◽

Single Cells ◽

Urothelial Cell ◽

Biological Behavior ◽

Bovine Papillomavirus ◽

Immunohistochemical Markers ◽

Cell Layers ◽

Urothelial Tumors ◽

Differentiation Pattern

Several immunohistochemical markers have been used to define the differentiation pattern of urothelial cell tumors of the urinary bladder. We investigated the expression of the recently characterized uroplakin (UP) IIIb, an urothelium-specific and differentiation-dependent protein, in 39 urothelial tumors of the urinary bladder in cows that had suffered from chronic enzootic hematuria for several years. Bovine papillomavirus type 2 DNA was amplified and UP IIIb protein was detected in all these tumors. In papillomas and papillary carcinomas, UP IIIb expression was mostly seen as superficial staining; luminal and peripheral patterns were also observed. In nonpapillary carcinomas, UP IIIb appeared to define clearly the cell membrane lining intercellular and intracellular lumina as well as the cell borders in deeper cell layers. In benign and malignant lesions, an intracytoplasmic immunoreactivity was also detected. Coarse intracytoplasmic UP IIIb-positive material close to the nucleus occurred in some malignant cells. Focally strong membraneous immunostaining that marked single cells with complete ringlike peripheral pattern was seen. Although UP IIIb expression does not seem to correlate with the biological behavior of urothelial tumors, it appears to be a highly sensitive marker for bovine urothelial tumors.

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