An Inactivated Vaccine Based on Artificial Non-pathogenic Fowl Adenovirus 4 Protects Chickens against Hepatitis-hydropericardium Syndrome

2021 ◽  
pp. 109285
Author(s):  
Yu Zhang ◽  
Aijing Liu ◽  
Hongyu Cui ◽  
Xiaole Qi ◽  
Changjun Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inactivated Vaccine ◽  
Hydropericardium Syndrome ◽  
Fowl Adenovirus

scholarly journals Identification of a novel immunological epitope on Hexon of fowl adenovirus serotype 4

AMB Express ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingyi Liu ◽  
Nan Mei ◽  
Yaling Wang ◽  
Xinjin Shi ◽  
Hongjun Chen
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid Sequence Analysis ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Protein Amino Acid ◽  
Adenovirus Serotype ◽  
Linear Peptide ◽  
Hydropericardium Syndrome ◽  
Hexon Protein ◽  
Fowl Adenovirus ◽  
Fowl Adenovirus Serotype 4

AbstractFowl adenovirus serotype 4 (FAdV-4), the causative agent of hepatitis-hydropericardium syndrome (HHS), distributed widely in the poultry farms in China. Hexon is one of the major capsid proteins associated with viral species or serotypes. However, the epitopes of Hexon protein remain largely unknown. In this study, a monoclonal antibody (mAb) specific to Hexon protein of FAdV-4, designated as 3G8, was generated. Subsequently, the linear peptide recognized by 3G8 was mapped and identified as 213AYGAYVK219 using a series of overlapping peptides generated from Hexon protein. Amino acid sequence analysis revealed that the epitope recognized by 3G8 was highly conserved across all the FAdVs. The epitope was immunogenic and could be recognized by FAdV-4 positive chicken serum samples. These findings will enrich our knowledge regarding the epitope on Hexon and provide valuable information for further characterization of the antigenicity of Hexon protein.

scholarly journals Development of a Novel Avian Vaccine Vector Derived From the Emerging Fowl Adenovirus 4

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qing Pan ◽  
Yu Zhang ◽  
Aijing Liu ◽  
Hongyu Cui ◽  
Yulong Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fluorescent Protein ◽  
Virus Genome ◽  
Open Reading Frames ◽  
Vaccine Vector ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Foreign Gene ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Hydropericardium Syndrome ◽  
Fowl Adenovirus ◽  
Green Fluorescent

Severe hepatitis-hydropericardium syndrome (HHS) associated with a novel viral genotype, fowl adenovirus 4 (FAdV-4), has emerged and widely spread in China since 2015, causing severe economic losses to the poultry industry. We previously reported that the hexon gene is responsible for pathogenicity and obtained a non-pathogenic hexon-replacement rHN20 strain; however, the lack of information about the non-essential regions for virus replication limits the development of a FAdV-4 vector. This study first established an enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP)-indicator virus based on the FAdV-4 reverse genetic technique, effective for batch operations in the virus genome. Based on this, 10 open reading frames (ORFs) at the left end and 13 ORFs at the right end of the novel FAdV-4 genome were deleted separately and identified as non-essential genes for viral replication, providing preliminary insertion sites for foreign genes. To further improve its feasibility as a vaccine vector, seven combinations of ORFs were successfully replaced with EGFP without affecting the immunogenicity of the vector backbone. Finally, a recombinant rHN20-vvIBDV-VP2 strain, expressing the VP2 protein of very virulent infectious bursa disease virus (vvIBDV), was rescued and showed complete protection against FAdV-4 and vvIBDV. Thus, the novel FAdV-4 vector could provide sufficient protection for HHS and efficient exogenous gene delivery. Overall, our findings systemically identified 23 non-essential ORFs for FAdV-4 replication and seven foreign gene insertion regions, providing valuable information for an in-depth understanding of the novel FAdV-4 pathogenesis and development of multivalent vaccines.

scholarly journals Fowl adenovirus Group I as a causal agent of inclusion body hepatitis/hydropericardium syndrome (IBH/HPS) outbreak in brazilian broiler flocks

2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (8) ◽  
pp. 733-737 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Mettifogo ◽  
Luis F.N. Nuñez ◽  
Silvana H. Santander Parra ◽  
Claudete S. Astolfi-Ferreira ◽  
Antonio J. Piantino Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Inclusion Body ◽  
Causal Agent ◽  
Hexon Gene ◽  
Hydropericardium Syndrome ◽  
Fowl Adenovirus ◽  
Group I ◽  
Inclusion Body Hepatitis ◽  
Commercial Broiler ◽  
Gross Lesions ◽  
Poor Weight Gain

Commercial broiler flocks from a farm located in the State of São Paulo, Brazil, presented diarrhea, depression, increased mortality and poor weight gain. Upon post-mortem examination, classical signs of Inclusion Body Hepatitis/Hydropericardium Syndrome (IBH/HPS) were observed, including enlarged pale yellow-colored livers and straw-colored liquid in the pericardial sac. In addition, gross lesions were also observed in the kidneys, pancreas, thymus, intestines and gallbladder. Samples of these organs were analyzed by PCR for the detection of the hexon gene of the Fowl Adenovirus (FAdVs) Group I. The results were positive for both flocks (A and B) assayed by PCR. The macroscopic lesions associated with the detection of FAdV Group I by PCR in several of these affected organs allowed for the identification of IBH/HPS. In fact, this is the first report in Brazil of IBH/HPS in broilers, which identifies FAdVs group I as a causal agent of the disease. These findings may contribute to the worldwide epidemiology of the adenovirus-mediated hepatitis/hydropericardium syndrome.

scholarly journals Airborne Transmission of a Serotype 4 Fowl Adenovirus in Chickens

Viruses ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gang Li ◽  
Guanliu Yu ◽  
Yujuan Niu ◽  
Yumei Cai ◽  
Sidang Liu
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Infected Group ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Airborne Transmission ◽  
Hydropericardium Syndrome ◽  
Fowl Adenovirus ◽  
Viral Aerosol ◽  
Subclinical Symptoms ◽  
And Control

Serotype 4 fowl adenovirus (FAdV-4) is the main pathogen for hydropericardium syndrome (HPS) in chickens. It has caused major economic losses in the global poultry industry. Currently, FAdV-4′s transmission routes in chickens remain unclear. Here we investigate the airborne transmission routes of FAdV-4 in chickens. A total of 45 ten-day-old chickens were equally divided into three groups (infected group/isolator A, airborne group/isolator B, and control group/isolator C). Of note, isolators A and B were connected by a leak-free pipe. The results showed that the virus could form a viral aerosol, detected in isolators two days post infection (dpi). The viral aerosol reached a peak at 4 dpi in the infected group. Healthy chickens in the airborne group were infected by the virus at 8 dpi. The chickens of the airborne group demonstrated subclinical symptoms capable of shedding the virus for some time. This finding suggests that FAdV-4 can be efficiently transmitted among chickens by aerosol transmission. These findings have significant implications for developing strategies to control this infectious disease epidemic.

scholarly journals Pathogenesis of Hypervirulent Fowl Adenovirus Serotype 4: The Contributions of Viral and Host Factors

Viruses ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 741 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeng Wang ◽  
Jun Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Host Defense ◽  
Host Factors ◽  
Present Review ◽  
Defense System ◽  
Adenovirus Serotype ◽  
Vaccine Candidates ◽  
Hydropericardium Syndrome ◽  
Fowl Adenovirus ◽  
Host Defense System ◽  
Fowl Adenovirus Serotype 4

Since 2015, severe outbreaks of hepatitis-hydropericardium syndrome (HHS), caused by hypervirulent fowl adenovirus serotype 4 (FAdV-4), have emerged in several provinces in China, posing a great threat to poultry industry. So far, factors contributing to the pathogenesis of hypervirulent FAdV-4 have not been fully uncovered. Elucidation of the pathogenesis of FAdV-4 will facilitate the development of effective FAdV-4 vaccine candidates for the control of HHS and vaccine vector. The interaction between pathogen and host defense system determines the pathogenicity of the pathogen. Therefore, the present review highlights the knowledge of both viral and host factors contributing to the pathogenesis of hypervirulent FAdV-4 strains to facilitate the related further studies.

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