Impact of growth hormone on changes in height, bone mineral density, lean body mass, and body fat over 1–2 years in children with Hurler or Hunter syndrome

2013 ◽  
Vol 108 (2) ◽  
pp. S76
Author(s):  
Lynda Polgreen ◽  
Bradley S. Miller ◽  
William Thomas ◽  
Chester B. Whitley
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Lean Body Mass ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Hunter Syndrome ◽  
Mineral Density

Female boxers have high bone mineral density despite low body fat mass, high energy expenditure, and a high incidence of oligomenorrhea

2008 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 863-869 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Trutschnigg ◽  
Chin Chong ◽  
Lucia Habermayerova ◽  
Antony D. Karelis ◽  
Joanna Komorowski
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Lean Body Mass ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Body Fat Mass ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Menstrual Status

Low body fat mass and menstrual irregularities have been associated with low bone mineral density (BMD). The aim of this study was to compare the relation between BMD, lean body mass, fat mass, physical activity energy expenditure (PAEE), and menstrual status in female boxers and in physically active females with low (C1) or average (C2) fat mass. Boxers (n = 11) and controls (C1, n = 16; C2, n = 17), aged 18–38 years, were assessed for BMD and body composition with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Menstrual status and PAEE were determined from questionnaires. There was no difference in anthropometric measurements between boxers and C1 subjects, except that boxers had higher arm lean mass. However, both boxers and C1 subjects had a lower percentage of fat (p < 0.001) than C2 subjects (boxers, 14.6% ± 2.0; C1, 15.5% ± 4.2; C2, 25.8% ± 3.4%), and boxers had a higher (p = 0.002) lean body mass index (lean body mass/height2, where lean body mass is measured in kilograms and height is measured in metres) than C2 subjects. The PAEE of boxers was higher (p < 0.007) than that of controls (boxers, 5748 ± 2284 ; C1, 2966 ± 2258 ; C2, 2714 ± 1722 kcal·week–1). Oligomenorrhea was more common in boxers than in C1 and C2 subjects (boxers, 54.6%; C1, 18.8%; C2, 35.3%). Arm, leg, and spine BMD were higher (p < 0.008) in boxers than in C1 subjects, and arm BMD was higher in boxers than in C2 subjects. BMD Z scores were also higher (p < 0.05) in boxers (boxers, 1.1± 0.8, C1, 0.1 ± 0.7; C2: 0.3 ± 1.1). High BMD in boxers, despite low fat mass, high PAEE, and an increased incidence of oligomenorrhea suggest that boxing has a positive effect on BMD.

scholarly journals Lean Body Mass in the Prediction of Bone Mineral Density in Postmenopausal Women

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 150-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bolaji Lilian Ilesanmi-Oyelere ◽  
Jane Coad ◽  
Nicole Roy ◽  
Marlena Cathorina Kruger
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Lean Body Mass ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Mineral Density

scholarly journals High Levels of Physical Activity May Promote a Reduction in Bone Mineral Density in Peritoneal Dialysis

Medicina ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (9) ◽  
pp. 464
Author(s):  
Armando Raimundo ◽  
Zelinda Charrua ◽  
Nuno Batalha ◽  
Catarina Pereira ◽  
Jose Parraca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Lean Body Mass ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Vigorous Activity ◽  
Mineral Density

Background and objectives: Peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients are expected to present lower levels of physical activity, unhealthy changes at the body composition level, and low levels of strength. Firstly, this study aimed to report the sex differences in physical activity, body composition and muscle strength and the relations among these variables. Secondly, we analyze the relationship between physical activity and biochemical parameters. Materials and Methods: Thirty-four patients (13 women and 21 men) participated in this study. Body composition was assessed by bioimpedance and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), and maximum isokinetic unilateral strength, analytical parameters and physical activity levels were evaluated. Results: The men showed higher values for weight, height, lean body mass, bone mineral content, bone mineral density (BMD) and total body water, while women showed higher values for the percentage of fat mass and hydration of lean body mass (p < 0.05). No differences between the sexes were found in different levels of physical activity; however, males registered significantly higher values for isokinetic strength variables except for knee extensor strength. BMD was positively related to sedentary activity and negatively related to moderate and vigorous activity (r = 0.383 and r = −0.404, respectively). Light physical activity was negatively correlated with albumin (r = −0.393) and total protein (r = −0.410) levels, while moderate/vigorous activity was positively correlated with urea distribution volume (r = 0.446) and creatinine clearance (r = 0.359) and negatively correlated with the triglyceride level (r = −0.455). Conclusions: PD patients with higher levels of physical activity present better results in terms of body composition and biochemical parameters. Additional studies should be conducted to clarify the relation between physical activity level and BMD.

Lean Body Mass and Weight-Bearing Activity in the Prediction of Bone Mineral Density in Physically Active Men

2009 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 427-435 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Scott Rector ◽  
Robert Rogers ◽  
Meghan Ruebel ◽  
Matthew O Widzer ◽  
Pamela S Hinton
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Lean Body Mass ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Physically Active

scholarly journals The Effects of Growth Hormone Treatment on Bone Mineral Density and Body Composition in Girls with Turner Syndrome

2006 ◽  
Vol 91 (11) ◽  
pp. 4302-4305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mim Ari ◽  
Vladimir K. Bakalov ◽  
Suvimol Hill ◽  
Carolyn A. Bondy
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Turner Syndrome ◽  
Lean Body Mass ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Bone Age ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Gh Treatment

Abstract Background: Many girls with Turner syndrome (TS) are treated with GH to increase adult height. In addition to promoting longitudinal bone growth, GH has effects on bone and body composition. Objective: The objective was to determine how GH treatment affects bone mineral density (BMD) and body composition in girls with TS. Method: In a cross-sectional study, we compared measures of body composition and BMD by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry, and phalangeal cortical thickness by hand radiography in 28 girls with TS who had never received GH and 39 girls who were treated with GH for at least 1 yr. All girls were participants in a National Institutes of Health (NIH) Clinical Research Center (CRC) protocol between 2001 and 2006. Results: The two groups were similar in age (12.3 yr, sd 2.9), bone age (11.5 yr, sd 2.6), and weight (42.8 kg, sd 16.6); but the GH-treated group was taller (134 vs. 137 cm, P = 0.001). The average duration of GH treatment was 4.2 (sd 3.2) yr (range 1–14 yr). After adjustment for size and bone age, there were no significant differences in BMD at L1–L4, 1/3 radius or cortical bone thickness measured at the second metacarpal. However, lean body mass percent was higher (P &lt; 0.001), whereas body fat percent was lower (P &lt; 0.001) in the GH-treated group. These effects were independent of estrogen exposure and were still apparent in girls that had finished GH treatment at least 1 yr previously. Conclusions: Although GH treatment has little effect on cortical or trabecular BMD in girls with TS, it is associated with increased lean body mass and reduced adiposity.

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