Influence of geology and human activity on the genetic structure and demography of the Oriental fire-bellied toad (Bombina orientalis)

2016 ◽  
Vol 97 ◽  
pp. 69-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan J. Fong ◽  
Pi-Peng Li ◽  
Bao-Tian Yang ◽  
Zheng-Yan Zhou ◽  
Adam D. Leaché ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Human Activity ◽  
Bombina Orientalis

scholarly journals Dispersal and mating patterns determine the fate of naturally dispersed populations: evidence from Bombina orientalis

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Liqun Yu ◽  
Shuai Zhao ◽  
Fanbing Meng ◽  
Yanshuang Shi ◽  
Chunzhu Xu
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Northeast Asia ◽  
Stable State ◽  
Adaptive Strategies ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Dispersal Pattern ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Northern Population ◽  
Bombina Orientalis ◽  
Natural Dispersal

Abstract Background In contrast to the explosive increase of a population following biological invasion, natural dispersal, i.e., when a population disperses from its original range into a new range, is a passive process that is affected by resources, the environment, and other factors. Natural dispersal is also negatively impacted by genetic drift and the founder effect. Although the fates of naturally dispersed populations are unknown, they can adapt evolutionarily over time to the new environment. Can naturally dispersed populations evolve beneficial adaptive strategies to offset these negative effects to maintain their population in a stable state? Results The current study addressed this question by focusing on the toad Bombina orientalis, the population of which underwent natural dispersal following the Last Glacial Maximum in Northeast Asia. Population genetic approaches were used to determine the genetic structure, dispersal pattern, and mating system of the population of B. orientalis in northeast China (Northern population). The results showed that this northern population of B. orientalis is a typical naturally dispersed population, in which the stable genetic structure and high level of genetic diversity of the population have been maintained through the long-distance biased dispersal behavior of males and the pattern of promiscuity within the population. Conclusions Our findings suggest that naturally dispersed populations can evolve effective adaptive strategies to maintain a stable population. Different species may have different strategies. The relevance of these maintenance mechanisms for naturally dispersed populations provide a new perspective for further understanding the processes of speciation and evolution.

scholarly journals The incidence of abnormalities in the fire-bellied toad, Bombina orientalis, in relation to nearby human activity

2016 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Changku Kang ◽  
Yujin Shin ◽  
Ye Eun Kim ◽  
Jongyeol Moon ◽  
Jae Yeon Kang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Activity ◽  
Bombina Orientalis

Performance-based validation of the human activity profile

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luci Fuscaldi Teixeira-Salmela ◽  
Sandra J. Olney ◽  
Revathy Devaraj
Keyword(s):  
Human Activity ◽  
Activity Profile

Ice-free area expansion compounds the non-native species threat to Antarctic terrestrial biodiversity

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grant Duffy ◽  
Jasmine R Lee
Keyword(s):  
Human Activity ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Climate Scenario ◽  
Climatic Environment ◽  
Species Establishment ◽  
Suitable Habitats ◽  
Terrestrial Biodiversity ◽  
A Site ◽  
Area Expansion ◽  
Free Area

Warming across ice-covered regions will result in changes to both the physical and climatic environment, revealing new ice-free habitat and new climatically suitable habitats for non-native species establishment. Recent studies have independently quantified each of these aspects in Antarctica, where ice-free areas form crucial habitat for the majority of terrestrial biodiversity. Here we synthesise projections of Antarctic ice-free area expansion, recent spatial predictions of non-native species risk, and the frequency of human activities to quantify how these facets of anthropogenic change may interact now and in the future. Under a high-emissions future climate scenario, over a quarter of ice-free area and over 80 % of the ~14 thousand km2 of newly uncovered ice-free area could be vulnerable to invasion by one or more of the modelled non-native species by the end of the century. Ice-free areas identified as vulnerable to non-native species establishment were significantly closer to human activity than unsuitable areas were. Furthermore, almost half of the new vulnerable ice-free area is within 20 km of a site of current human activity. The Antarctic Peninsula, where human activity is heavily concentrated, will be at particular risk. The implications of this for conservation values of Antarctica and the management efforts required to mitigate against it are in need of urgent consideration.

Science Regained [1962]

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre Aubenque
Keyword(s):  
Human Activity ◽  
Human Cognition ◽  
Human Thought ◽  
Motion Time ◽  
First Philosophy

Pierre Aubenque’s “Science Regained” (1962; translated by Clayton Shoppa) was originally published as the concluding chapter of Le Problème de l’Être chez Aristote, one of the most important and original books on Aristotle’s Metaphysics. In this essay, Aubenque contends that the impasses which beset the project of first philosophy paradoxically become its greatest accomplishments. Although science stabilizes motion and thereby introduces necessity into human cognition, human thought always occurs amidst an inescapable movement of change and contingency. Aristotle’s ontology, as a discourse that strives to achieve being in its unity, succeeds by means of the failure of the structure of its own approach: the search of philosophy – dialectic – becomes the philosophy of the search. Aubenque traces this same structure of scission, mediation, and recovery across Aristotelian discussions of theology, motion, time, imitation, and human activity.

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