COMPARING THE PRIVACY VS DAYLIGHT COMPROMISE FOR DIFFERENT WINDOW COVERINGS

Cultural factors in Libya (and other Muslim countries) require female privacy to be maintained. Outside the home, females must wear clothing that reveals only the face and hands. When inside the home and located near windows, a similar degree of clothing cover, or, window screening, is required. This reduces exposure to natural daylight, with resultant reduction in health benefits of daylight. We are therefore investigating the degree to which window privacy devices offer sufficient privacy to permit relaxed clothing in the home, and whether this leads to an increased daylight exposure. Two window coverings were tested, horizontal blinds and frosted glass, varying the free area and degree of frosting respectively. The degree of privacy offered was operationalised by identification of the clothing level worn by a target behind the window screen, the aim being to reduce this to a chance level. For horizontal blinds, the free area must be reduced to 3% to maintain sufficient privacy, which is unlikely to permit sufficient daylight to offset the wearing of relaxed clothing. While a high degree of frosting is required for a similar level of privacy, this may permit more daylight.

SMOKE FREE AREA (SFA) DISTRICT REGULATION SUPPORT FOR ESTABLISHMENT OF A CHILD FRIENDLY SCHOOL (CFS) IN KULON PROGO DISTRICT

ABSTRACTFollowing the Child-Friendly School (CFS) Guidelines made by the Deputy for Child Development, Ministry of Women Empowerment and Child Protection (2015), one of the components that must be fulfilled is a commitment to make schools a Smoke-Free Area (SFA). Kulon Progo has District Regulation No. 5 of 2014 concerning SFA, thus it can be used as a commitment by a school guide, making it an SFA. The results of interviews with the District Social Service for Women's Empowerment and Child Protection Office stated that CFS currently remains at the initiation stage. Efforts should be made to create comfortable learning conditions for children with the support of the SFA District Regulation in the formation of CFS in Kulon Progo Regency. Analysis of the implementation monitoring checklist/compliance with District Regulation No. 5/2014 concerning SFA in 2020 which is carried out by the SFA supervision task force. Descriptive analysis method by looking at trends based on the proportion of the 10 variables used. The results of the data study show that 89.5% have been exposed to the socialization of District Regulations, 52.6% have a supervisory task force, 86.8% have installed SFA signs at the Entrance, 100% have a smoking ban warning installed, 23.7% has a place specifically for smoking, 10.5% found an ashtray in the building, 7.9% found cigarette butts, 2.6% found cigarette advertisements, 5.3% found cigarette sellers, 7.9% smoked people. From the data analysis, it is known that 81.58% have complied with SFA. However, this compliance is not optimal. This is indicated by the high percentage of availability of designated smoking areas in schools and ashtrays, cigarette butts, cigarette advertisements, cigarette sellers, and smoking people found. Schools should have a zero percentage in these variables; thus, they are not fully committed as a condition for the formation of CFS. It is necessary to optimize the application of District Regulations to create a smoke-free school environment as evidenced by not providing smoking places in schools, not allowing cigarette advertisements, smoking outside, and imposing sanctions for non-smoking violators in the school environment. Keywords: Support, Smoke-Free Area (SFA), Child Friendly Schools, Kulon Progo

Migration and Distribution Characteristics of Proppant at the Corner of Horizontal Fracture Network in Coal Seam

A complex fracture network is composed of many similar structures. The migration law of proppant at each structure is the core and basic content of the migration law of proppant in complex fracture network, and there is little research. In this study, the EulerianEulerian method (TEM) is used to analyze the migration and distribution characteristics of solid–liquid two phases at the fracture corner according to different corner types of the fracture network. The results show that the migration characteristics of proppant in the corner area can be divided into the corner anomaly area, buffer area, and stability area; the influence of the turning angle on proppant migration is mainly concentrated at the corner and in the range of 4 times the fracture width after turning. The probability of sand plugging at the corner of the “Y → T” fracture is lower than that of “L → l”, higher than that of the “X → +” wing branch fracture, and lower than that of the main fracture. At the corner of the fracture network, after the solid flow turns, the proppant will form a high sand area on the side of the impact fracture surface, then rebound back to the fracture, form a sand-free area on the other side, and form a high-velocity core in the refraction interval. At the corner of the “L → l” fracture, there are one high sand area, one non-sand area, two low-velocity areas, and one high-velocity area; there are three low-velocity areas, two sand-free areas, and one high sand area at the corner of the “Y → T” fracture; at the corner of the “X → +” fracture, there is a high sand area and no sand-free area, and the flow velocity of the main fracture is much greater than that of the wing branch fracture.

Evaluation of Smoke Free Area Policy in Enrekang Regency

Public policy evaluation is a process of activities that are planned to assess the overall effectiveness of the program and it is deemed necessary to make changes to policies that have been carried out in order to achieve objectives. The objectives of this study are (i) How is the performance of the smoke-free area policy in Bone-bone village, Baraka sub-district, Enrekang district? (ii) What is the determinant factor in implementing the smoke-free area policy in Bone-bone village, Baraka sub-district, Enrekang district? This type of research is a descriptive study with a qualitative research design. Data collection techniques are carried out through observation, interviews and documentation. The data analysis technique used consists of data condensation, data presentation and drawing conclusions.The results of this study indicate that (i) the performance of the smoke-free area policy in Bone-bone village, Baraka sub- district, Enrekang district is quite effective, judged by the policy evaluation indicators by William N Dunn including effectiveness, efficiency, adequacy, leveling, responsiveness, and leveling. (ii) the determinant factors of the application of smoke-free areas, namely the existence of a leader or agent, a religious community, and the existence of sanctions.

Drying Machines with Combined Hydrodynamic Regimes

The article is devoted to the study of multistage dryers with vertical sectioning of the working space. The factors of influence of the design of the shelf contact and the consumption of the drying agent on the mode of movement of monodisperse and polydisperse material are analyzed. The achievement of the required hydrodynamic regime (at a constant consumption of the drying agent) was ensured by changing the length of the shelf contact, the angle of its inclination to the horizon, and the degree of perforation (free area of cross-section). The features of changing the mode of granular material movement at various stages of the gravitational shelf dryer are shown. A technique for the optimization calculation of a gravitational shelf dryer is proposed. As an objective function, the minimum residence time of the dispersed material in the dryer is taken, at which the required amount of moisture is removed. Variants of the designs of the stages of a gravitational shelf dryer are shown and the features of the movement of dispersed material on the steps are described. The results obtained can be used as the basis for the engineering design of gravitational shelf dryers.

Tingkat Persepsi Mahasiswa Terhadap Kota Jambi Sebagai Kawasan Tanpa Asap Rokok (Peraturan Daerah Nomor 3 Tahun 2017)

Non-Smoking Areas stipulates that non-smoking areas include public places, workplaces, places of worship, playgrounds, public transportation, teaching and learning process environments, health facilities and sports facilities, but in reality there are still many people who violate these provisions, including educated circles such as lecturers, teachers, students and so on. The purpose of this study was to obtain information about the level of educated people's perceptions of Jambi City as a smoke-free area and want to measure the participation of educated people in making Jambi City a smoke-free area. as the primary data source is the source of data obtained from interviews with selected samples and while the secondary data sources are books and journals and other research results, the approach used is the sociological aspect approach, namely to reveal social phenomena and phenomena that occur in the community. the field, while the data collection technique used is interview technique, the sampling technique is done by random sampling and purposive sampling, the data used is qualitative data, the results of the study show that the level of student knowledge Wa about Jambi City as a smoke-free area is quite good and optimistic about the implementation of Jambi City as a smoke-free area.

FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMENGARUHI KEPATUHAN PENERAPAN KAWASAN TANPA ROKOK PADA RESTORAN DI KABUPATEN TABANAN: ANALISA REGRESI LOGISTIK

ABSTRAK Kabupaten Tabanan memberlakukan peraturan kawasan tanpa rokok pada restoran, namun dalam penerapannya masih rendah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi kepatuhan penerapan KTR oleh pengelola dengan memerhatikan larangan merokok total pada restoran di Kabupaten Tabanan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analitik kuantitatif dengan rancangan crossectional. Sampel penelitian yaitu pengelola restoran yang berada di Kabupaten Tabanan. Besar sampel menggunakan total sampling dengan jumlah 110 restoran, dengan jumlah yang berpartisipasi 87 restoran (79% response rate). Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan regresi logistik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kepatuhan restoran dalam menerapkan larangan merokok total sebesar 26,44%. Faktor yang memengaruhi kepatuhan penerapan KTR yaitu umur pengelola (OR=3,45; 95% CI: 1,10-10,84), pengetahuan pengelola (OR=3,56; 95% CI: 0,96-13,16), sikap pengelola (OR=2,45; 95% CI: 0,72-8,30), serta persepsi dampak bisnis pengelola (OR=4,62; 95% CI: 1,12-19,07) berpeluang meningkatkan kepatuhan KTR. Kepatuhan pengelola restoran di Kabupaten Tabanan terhadap penerapan larangan merokok total relatif rendah. Masih banyak terdapat indikator yang belum terpenuhi dalam implementasi kepatuhan restoran. Perlu adanya dukungan berbagai sektor dalam meningkatkan kepatuhan seperti pengelola, pengunjung, maupun pemerintah sebagai pembuat kebijakan. Kata Kunci: rokok, kepatuhan, KTR, restoran. ABSTRACT Tabanan regency applied smoke-free by law (SFL) in restaurant but the implementation was still low. This study aimed to determine the factors that influence the compliance of the implementation of smoke-free area by restaurant owners through looking complete smoking ban restaurant in Tabanan Regency. This was a quantitative analytic study with a cross-sectional design. The study samples were restaurant owners/managers in Tabanan Regency. The number of sampling on this study was set by respondent’s rate respond (79% response rate). Data was analyzed using logistic regression. The results showed that the compliance of restaurant manager to total smoking ban was low (26.44%). The factors that influence compliance SFL such as the age of the manager (OR=3.45; 95% CI: 1.10-10.84), the manager's knowledge (OR=3.56; 95% CI: 0.96-13.16), the manager’s attitude (OR=2.45; 95% CI: 0.72-8.30), as well as the perception of the impact of the manager's business (OR=4.62; 95% CI:1.12-19.07) has significantly association with compliance. The compliance of restaurant managers in Tabanan Regency on the implementation of total smoking ban was relatively low. There are still many indicators that have not been fulfilled. There needs concrete support to improving the compliance such as managers, customers, and government as policy makers. Key Words: cigarrete, compliance, smoke-free area, restaurant.

The limnology and spectral behaviour of a freshwater lake at Harmony Point, Nelson Island, Antarctica

The present study investigates the effect of limnology on the spectral reflectance of a freshwater lake, located in an ice-free area in the Antarctic Peninsula. Field-collected samples generated limnological and spectral parameters. This fact indicates that the studied lake has an ultra-oligotrophic/oligotrophic nature based on chlorophyll a (chl a), which registered concentrations below 3 μg l-1 with no total suspended solids, almost neutral pH and transparency equalled by depth. The water spectral behaviour in each sampling station indicates that the benthic characteristics of the lake have a strong influence as the reflectance at the 705 nm wavelength being greater than that at 583 nm signals the presence of soil and/or vegetation at its bottom. Hence, it is believed that the orbital sensors with spectral bands focused on regions between the green and red edge, such as the MultiSpectral Instrument (MSI) sensor, may present better results for distinguishing the different bottom types found in the research area.