Vibration-based monitoring and prediction of surface profile change and pitting density in a spur gear wear process

In this paper, the effect of tooth wear on the vibration spectrum variation of a rotating spur gear pair is studied. In order to approximate the dynamic characteristics of an engaging spur gear pair, the load sharing alternation, position dependent mesh stiffness, damping factor and friction coefficient are considered in the mathematical model. The wear prediction model proposed by Flodin et al. is used to simulate the tooth profile wear process. The variation of the vibration spectra introduced from the interaction between the sliding wear and the dynamic load is simulated and analyzed. Numerical results indicate that the dynamic load histogram of an engaging spur gear pair may change greatly with the tooth wear. This finding implies that the variation of the gear vibration spectrum might be used to monitor the tooth wear of an engaging spur gear pair.

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CONSISTENCY ANALYSIS OF WORN SURFACE TOPOGRAPHY AND FRICTION FORCE BASED ON PHASE TRAJECTORY AND RECURRENCE ANALYSIS

Fractals ◽

10.1142/s0218348x19501305 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 27 (08) ◽

pp. 1950130

Author(s):

XUE ZUO ◽

MINGLONG PENG ◽

YUANKAI ZHOU

Keyword(s):

Fractal Dimension ◽

Surface Topography ◽

Friction Force ◽

Phase Trajectory ◽

Small Volume ◽

Surface Profile ◽

Recurrence Plots ◽

Recurrence Analysis ◽

Wear Process ◽

Worn Surface

The dynamic evolutions of friction force and worn surface profile were qualitatively analyzed by phase trajectory and recurrence plots and quantitatively characterized by fractal dimension and percent determinism. The results show that phase trajectories first shrink to a small volume, then stabilize at a minimum volume, finally expand to a large volume in the wear process. The white areas on the recurrence plots increase with the wear time. The fractal dimension first increases, then stabilizes at a high value, and finally decreases rapidly. The percent determinism first decreases, then fluctuates in a certain range, and finally increases. It demonstrates that friction force and worn surface topography derived from one tribology system evolve in a similar but not exactly the same way. They have the consistent evolution law in the wear process. Specially, friction force is much more sensitive to the variation of wear states than the worn surface.

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Investigation of Surface Topography at the End of Running-In Process

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.437.564 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 437 ◽

pp. 564-567

Author(s):

Geng Pei Zhang ◽

Xiao Jun Liu ◽

Wen Long Lu ◽

Xiang Qian Jiang

Keyword(s):

Surface Roughness ◽

Surface Topography ◽

Surface Profile ◽

Wear Process ◽

Equilibrium Surface ◽

Important Stage ◽

Before And After ◽

3D Information

Running-in process is an important stage of whole wear process. The irrelevance of surface roughness before and after running-in puzzled the running-in research. However, this conclusion was based on surface roughness derived from the 2D surface profile which does not contain 3D information, and was therefore not complete. In this paper, running-in experiments were conducted to investigate the issue. The results showed that there is no equilibrium surface topography similar with equilibrium roughness at the end of running-in process.

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STRESS ON SPUR GEAR AND SIMULATION FOR MICRO HYBRID SYSTEMS BY ANSYS WORKBENCH

Wahana Fisika ◽

10.17509/wafi.v4i1.15174 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 21

Author(s):

Anisul Islam ◽

Md. Mashrur Islam

Keyword(s):

Contact Stress ◽

Power Transmission ◽

Real Life ◽

Contact Fatigue ◽

Surface Profile ◽

Spur Gear ◽

Cyclic Stress ◽

Tooth Surface ◽

Spur Gears ◽

Ansys Workbench

Spur gears are the most well-known kind of gears used in hybrid vehicle’s power transmission. They have straight teeth, and are mounted on parallel shafts. In some cases, many spur gears are utilized without a moment's delay to make huge rigging decreases. In this paper how stress creates on a spur equip under various conditions and conditions and reenactments of a rigging system (two spur gears) is assessed by Ansys workbench. For this static structural and dynamic analysis modeling is utilized. A couple of spurs equip tooth in real life is by and large subjected to two sorts of cyclic stress: contact stress and twisting stress including bowing fatigue. The two stresses may not accomplish their greatest esteems at a similar purpose of contact fatigue. These sorts of failure can be limited by analysis of the issue amid the outline organize and making appropriate tooth surface profile with legitimate assembling strategies.

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Electric Field Induced Surface Profile Change of Liquid Film on a Periodically Aligned Electrode Array

Nihon Reoroji Gakkaishi ◽

10.1678/rheology.38.81 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 38 (2) ◽

pp. 81-86 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Yu Mizuochi ◽

Takashi Taniguchi ◽

Masataka Sugimoto ◽

Kiyohito Koyama

Keyword(s):

Electric Field ◽

Liquid Film ◽

Surface Profile ◽

Electrode Array ◽

Profile Change

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Simulation and Experimental Investigation on Micro Electrochemical Milling of Micro Pattern Structures with High-Speed Helix Electrode

Recent Patents on Mechanical Engineering ◽

10.2174/2212797612666190225164706 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 146-157

Author(s):

Huanghai Kong ◽

Yong Liu ◽

Kan Wang ◽

Yong Jiang ◽

Xiangming Zhu

Keyword(s):

Flow Field ◽

High Speed ◽

High Efficiency ◽

Surface Profile ◽

Machining Efficiency ◽

Rotating Speed ◽

Pattern Structures ◽

Micro Pattern ◽

Electrochemical Milling ◽

Profile Change

Background: It is always difficult to fabricate micro parts in complicated machines. As one of the most promising micro machining methods, micro electrochemical milling based on the principle of anode electrochemical dissolution is useful for the fabrication of micro structures in hard metal material with advantages irrespective of the material hardness and strength along with no residual stress or heat treatment being observed on the surface of the workpiece. Objective: The purpose of this paper is to propose a method of micro pattern structures machining by using high-speed helix electrode in micro electrochemical milling, and reveal the relationship of rotating speed of helix electrode and machining efficiency. Methods: This paper presents a micro electrochemical milling technique for fabricating micro pattern structures with high efficiency. Firstly, a mathematical model of gap electric field under the condition of ultra short pulse power supply is established, and the surface profile change of workpiece in micro electrochemical milling is simulated by COMSOL Multiphysics. Secondly, the gap flow field of the machining under the conditions of different rotating speed of helix electrode is analyzed by simulation. Finally, a set of experiments are carried out to discuss the influence of the rotating speed on maximum feed rate. Results: The surface profile change of workpiece in micro electrochemical milling is predicted by simulation. The graphs of gas-liquid distribution and velocity vector of the flow field in the machining are obtained. A series of micro pattern structures with a groove width of 150μm are machined successfully. Conclusion: By using high-speed helix electrode, the electrolyte circulation can be promoted and machining efficiency of micro electrochemical milling can be improved obviously. The experiment results demonstrate that the micro electrochemical milling with high-speed helix electrode is an efficient method to fabricate micro pattern structures. In this article, various patents have been discussed.

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Abrasive Wear of Rolling Bearings by Lubricant Borne Particles

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part J Journal of Engineering Tribology ◽

10.1243/13506501j00205 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 220 (5) ◽

pp. 429-439 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

R Nilsson ◽

R. S. Dwyer-Joyce ◽

U Olofsson

Keyword(s):

Abrasive Wear ◽

Surface Profile ◽

Surface Damage ◽

Rolling Bearings ◽

Wear Process ◽

Operational Life ◽

Rolling Elements ◽

Machine Elements ◽

Profile Changes ◽

Series Of Experiments

Damage caused by lubricant borne particles in rolling/sliding contacts can severely reduce the operational life of machine elements such as cam mechanisms, roller bearings, gears, and pumps. Lubricant supplies frequently contain such contaminating particles, either generated from within the machinery itself or entrained from the surroundings. The particle can be entrained into a lubricated contact and damage the bearing surfaces. Many such individual abrasive actions can lead to significant change in the surface profile of the rolling elements. In this work, a series of experiments has been carried out to investigate the mechanism of this surface damage and abrasion process when the contaminating particles are small and hard. The tests show, how particles are entrained into the contacts, the form of the scratches they produce, and the resulting surface profile changes. On the basis of these observations, a model of the abrasive wear process has been developed. The prediction of abrasive wear compares qualitatively well with observed form change on the bearing surface.

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