Modelling of sulfuric acid and ammonium sulfate aerosol formation in the aerrea2 reactor

1998 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. S87-S88
Author(s):  
Martin Wilck ◽  
Frank Stratmann ◽  
Lars Asbjørn Larsen ◽  
Rita Van Dingenen ◽  
Frank Raes
Keyword(s):  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Ammonium Sulfate ◽  
Sulfate Aerosol ◽  
Aerosol Formation

The Role of Binary and Ion Nucleation of Sulfuric Acid and Water Vapor in the Dynamics of Sulfate Aerosol Formation in the Atmosphere

2021 ◽  
pp. 53-60
Author(s):  
A. E. Aloyan ◽  
◽  
A. N. Yermakov ◽  
V. O. Arutyunyan ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Vapor ◽  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Ionization Rate ◽  
Sulfate Aerosol ◽  
Aerosol Formation ◽  
Three Dimensional Model ◽  
Aerosol Composition ◽  
Transport And Transformation

The results of one-dimensional calculations of the height profiles of nucleated sulfate aerosol particles for the northern mid-latitudes and tropics in winter are presented. Numerical calculations were performed using a three-dimensional model of the transport and transformation of multicompo- nent gas and aerosol substances in the atmosphere, incorporating photochemistry, nucleation involving neutral molecules and ions, as well as condensation/evaporation and coagulation. It is found that the resulting dynamics of the formation of aerosol particle nuclei is not a simple sum of ion and binary (water vapor/sulfuric acid) nucleation rates. This dynamics is determined by the ratio of critical radii of nucleated particles due to binary and ion nucleation of these substances (rcr_bin and rcr_ion) depending on temperature, relative humidity, and ionization rate. This should be taken into account in modeling the gas and aerosol composition of the atmosphere and comparing calculated and observed data.

Sulfuric Acid-Ammonium Sulfate Aerosol: Optical Detection in the St. Louis Region

Science ◽  
1974 ◽  
Vol 184 (4133) ◽  
pp. 156-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Charlson ◽  
A. H. Vanderpol ◽  
D. S. Covert ◽  
A. P. Waggoner ◽  
N. C. Ahlquist
Keyword(s):  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Ammonium Sulfate ◽  
Optical Detection ◽  
Sulfate Aerosol

The behaviour of lead dioxide electrodes in acidic sulfate electrolytes

1981 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 247 ◽  
Author(s):  
DB Matthews ◽  
MA Habib ◽  
SPS Badwal
Keyword(s):  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Ammonium Sulfate ◽  
Discharge Capacity ◽  
Lead Dioxide ◽  
Active Material ◽  
Cycle Number ◽  
Vehicle Propulsion ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Pbo2 Electrode ◽  
Acidic Sulfate

The variation of discharge capacity during charge-discharge cycling of a PbO2 electrode, prepared by pressing PbO2 powder onto a smooth lead disc, in sulfuric acid and acidic ammonium sulfate solutions of various concentrations was investigated by the potentiodynamic technique. The discharge capacity was found to increase with cycle number in 0.05-4.3 H2SO4; this was explained in terms of the increase in porosity of the electrode with cycling. The rate of increase was highest in a 1 mol dm-3 solution. The presence of ammonium sulfate decreased the discharge capacity at all concentrations of sulfuric acid except for the 1 mol dm-3 solution where it caused a small increase in capacity. The morphology of the electrode was studied by scanning electron microscopy and the results are correlated with the discharge capacity. These results indicated that a solution of composition 0.5 mol dm-3 ammonium sulfate and 1.0 mol dm-3 sulfuric acid will produce a greater utilization of positive plate active material (PbO2) during discharge. This result, taken together with the results of earlier studies on lead in acidic sulfate electrolytes, points to the possibility of a Pb/H2SO4,/PbO2 battery for electric-vehicle propulsion.

scholarly journals A semi-analytical method for calculating rates of new sulfate aerosol formation from the gas phase

2007 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 2169-2196 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Kazil ◽  
E. R. Lovejoy
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Gas Phase ◽  
Nucleation Rate ◽  
Atmospheric Modeling ◽  
Sulfate Aerosol ◽  
Nucleation Theory ◽  
Rate Coefficients ◽  
Classical Nucleation Theory ◽  
Aerosol Formation ◽  
Aerosol Model

Abstract. The formation of new sulfate aerosol from the gas phase is commonly represented in atmospheric modeling with parameterizations of the steady state nucleation rate. Such parameterizations are based on classical nucleation theory or on aerosol nucleation rate tables, calculated with a numerical aerosol model. These parameterizations reproduce aerosol nucleation rates calculated with a numerical aerosol model only imprecisely. Additional errors can arise when the nucleation rate is used as a surrogate for the production rate of particles of a given size. We discuss these errors and present a method which allows a more precise calculation of steady state sulfate aerosol formation rates. The method is based on the semi-analytical solution of an aerosol system in steady state and on parameterized rate coefficients for H2SO4 uptake and loss by sulfate aerosol particles, calculated from laboratory and theoretical thermodynamic data.

scholarly journals A chamber study of the influence of boreal BVOC emissions and sulfuric acid on nanoparticle formation rates at ambient concentrations

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 1955-1970 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Dal Maso ◽  
L. Liao ◽  
J. Wildt ◽  
A. Kiendler-Scharr ◽  
E. Kleist ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Cloud Condensation Nuclei ◽  
Formation Rate ◽  
Particle Growth ◽  
Oxidation Products ◽  
Aerosol Formation ◽  
Nanoparticle Formation ◽  
Aerosol Nanoparticles ◽  
Chamber Study ◽  
Ambient Concentrations

Abstract. Aerosol formation from biogenic and anthropogenic precursor trace gases in continental background areas affects climate via altering the amount of available cloud condensation nuclei. Significant uncertainty still exists regarding the agents controlling the formation of aerosol nanoparticles. We have performed experiments in the Jülich plant–atmosphere simulation chamber with instrumentation for the detection of sulfuric acid and nanoparticles, and present the first simultaneous chamber observations of nanoparticles, sulfuric acid, and realistic levels and mixtures of biogenic volatile compounds (BVOCs). We present direct laboratory observations of nanoparticle formation from sulfuric acid and realistic BVOC precursor vapour mixtures performed at atmospherically relevant concentration levels. We directly measured particle formation rates separately from particle growth rates. From this, we established that in our experiments, the formation rate was proportional to the product of sulfuric acid and biogenic VOC emission strength. The formation rates were consistent with a mechanism in which nucleating BVOC oxidation products are rapidly formed and activate with sulfuric acid. The growth rate of nanoparticles immediately after birth was best correlated with estimated products resulting from BVOC ozonolysis.

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