Chapter 39 Somatosensory input to dopamine neurones of the monkey midbrain: responses to pain pinch under anaesthesia and to active touch in behavioural context

1989 ◽  
pp. 473-478 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Romo ◽  
W. Schultz
Keyword(s):  
Active Touch ◽  
Somatosensory Input

scholarly journals Circuit organization of the excitatory sensorimotor loop through hand/forelimb S1 and M1

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naoki Yamawaki ◽  
Martinna G. Raineri Tapies ◽  
Austin M. Stults ◽  
Gregory A. Smith ◽  
Gordon M. G. Shepherd
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Active Touch ◽  
Projection Neurons ◽  
Cuneate Nucleus ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Wiring Diagram ◽  
Cortical Motor ◽  
Somatosensory Input ◽  
Ascending Pathways ◽  
Cell Type Specific

Sensory-guided limb control relies on communication across sensorimotor loops. For active touch with the hand, the longest loop is the transcortical continuation of ascending pathways, particularly the lemnisco-cortical and corticocortical pathways carrying tactile signals via the cuneate nucleus, ventral posterior lateral (VPL) thalamus, and primary somatosensory (S1) and motor (M1) cortices to reach corticospinal neurons and influence descending activity. We characterized excitatory connectivity along this pathway in the mouse. In the lemnisco-cortical leg, disynaptic cuneate→VPL→S1 connections excited mainly layer (L) 4 neurons. In the corticocortical leg, S1→M1 connections from L2/3 and L5A neurons mainly excited downstream L2/3 neurons, which excite corticospinal neurons. The findings provide a detailed new wiring diagram for the hand/forelimb-related transcortical circuit, delineating a basic but complex set of cell-type-specific feedforward excitatory connections that selectively and extensively engage diverse intratelencephalic projection neurons, thereby polysynaptically linking subcortical somatosensory input to cortical motor output to spinal cord.

scholarly journals Circuit organization of the excitatory sensorimotor loop through hand/forelimb S1 and M1

eLife ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naoki Yamawaki ◽  
Martinna G Raineri Tapies ◽  
Austin Stults ◽  
Gregory A Smith ◽  
Gordon MG Shepherd
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Active Touch ◽  
Projection Neurons ◽  
Cuneate Nucleus ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Wiring Diagram ◽  
Cortical Motor ◽  
Somatosensory Input ◽  
Ascending Pathways ◽  
Cell Type Specific

Sensory-guided limb control relies on communication across sensorimotor loops. For active touch with the hand, the longest loop is the transcortical continuation of ascending pathways, particularly the lemnisco-cortical and corticocortical pathways carrying tactile signals via the cuneate nucleus, ventral posterior lateral (VPL) thalamus, and primary somatosensory (S1) and motor (M1) cortices to reach corticospinal neurons and influence descending activity. We characterized excitatory connectivity along this pathway in the mouse. In the lemnisco-cortical leg, disynaptic cuneate→VPL→S1 connections excited mainly layer (L) 4 neurons. In the corticocortical leg, S1→M1 connections from L2/3 and L5A neurons mainly excited downstream L2/3 neurons, which excite corticospinal neurons. The findings provide a detailed new wiring diagram for the hand/forelimb-related transcortical circuit, delineating a basic but complex set of cell-type-specific feedforward excitatory connections that selectively and extensively engage diverse intratelencephalic projection neurons, thereby polysynaptically linking subcortical somatosensory input to cortical motor output to spinal cord.

The effects of motor skill level and somatosensory input on motor imagery: An fMRI study on basketball free shot

2017 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 307
Author(s):  
Lanlan ZHANG ◽  
Cheng SHEN ◽  
Hua ZHU ◽  
Xuepei LI ◽  
Wen DAI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motor Imagery ◽  
Motor Skill ◽  
Skill Level ◽  
Fmri Study ◽  
Somatosensory Input

Vestibular memory-contingent saccades involve somatosensory input from the body support

Neuroreport ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 1469-1473 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Mergner ◽  
Gregor Nasios ◽  
Dimitri Anastasopoulos
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
Somatosensory Input ◽  
Body Support

Improved postural control after computerized optokinetic therapy based on stochastic visual stimulation in patients with vestibular dysfunction

2008 ◽  
Vol 17 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 131-136
Author(s):  
Benjamin Loader ◽  
Wolfgang Gruther ◽  
Christian A. Mueller ◽  
Gerhard Neuwirth ◽  
Stefan Thurner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Postural Stability ◽  
Visual Stimulation ◽  
Vestibular Dysfunction ◽  
Composite Score ◽  
Sensory Organization Test ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Sensory Organization ◽  
Somatosensory Input ◽  
And Control ◽  
Vestibular Asymmetry

Balance is accomplished by the congruent integration of visual, vestibular and somatosensory input and the execution of adequate control movements. With increasing age, nonlinear dynamics of central control systems become more regular. In unilateral vestibular dysfunction, sensory input to central systems is similarly less complex, because of one sided reduction of information influx. This study aimed to increase postural stability in patients with vestibular asymmetry and resulting disequilibrium by implementing a computerized visual training method relying on the principles of stochastic resonance. 24 subjects (average age 64a, 31–78a, 15 women, 9 men), with minimum 3 months of persisting disequilibrium due to vestibular dysfunction, were either treated with computerized optokinetic therapy (COKT), or solely observed. Treated patients were requested to read texts, stochastically moving in a previously defined matrix, during 10 sessions over three weeks. The Sensory Organization Test (SOT) was used for comparative posturographic measurements. COKT patients showed significant improvement in conditions 4, 6 and composite score. A significant post-therapeutic difference was seen between therapy and control groups in conditions 1, 6 and composite score. The results show a clinical benefit and we conclude COKT to be an effective rehabilitation method in patients with chronic disequilibrium.

Effects of hypothermic anesthesia of the feet on vibration-induced body sway and adaptation

2003 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Stål ◽  
P.A. Fransson ◽  
M. Magnusson ◽  
M. Karlberg
Keyword(s):  
Postural Control ◽  
Sensory Loss ◽  
Body Sway ◽  
Cutaneous Mechanoreceptors ◽  
Supporting Surface ◽  
Eyes Closed ◽  
Somatosensory Input ◽  
Eyes Open ◽  
Sensor Information ◽  
Ice Water

The aim of this study was to investigate the significance of information from the plantar cutaneous mechanoreceptors in postural control and whether postural control could compensate for reduced cutaneous information by adaptation. Sixteen healthy subjects were tested with eyes open or eyes closed with hypothermic and normal feet temperature during posturography where body sway was induced by vibratory proprioceptive stimulation towards both calf muscles. The hypothermic anesthesia was obtained by cooling the subject's feet in ice water for 20 minutes. Body movements were evaluated by analyzing the anteroposterior and lateral torques induced towards the supporting surface by a force platform during the posturography tests. The reduction of cutaneous sensor information from the mechanoreceptors of the feet significantly increased the vibration-induced torque variance mainly in the anteroposterior direction. However, the effects of disturbed mechanoreceptors information was rapidly compensated for through postural adaptation and torque variance was in level with that without anesthesia within 50 to 100 seconds of stimulation, both when standing with eyes open and eyes closed. Our findings suggest that somatosensory input from mechanoreceptors in the foot soles contribute significantly in maintaining postural control, but the sensory loss could be compensated for.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document