The determination of explosion limits from a unified thermal and chain theory

Seeing that hitherto our knowledge of the flame speeds involved in the “inflammation” and “detonation” of carbonic oxide-oxygen mixtures has been mainly confined to those of the theoretical 2CO+O 2 mixture, and that complete data over the whole “explosion range” are needed for the determination of questions relating to the combustion of carbonic oxide, we have lately carried out experiments with a view to suppyling the deficiency; and this paper embodies the results thereof. Experimental. A.-Flame Speeds in the Initial Phase of "Inflammation." It may be recalled that when a quiescent explosive mixture is ignited at the open end of a horizontal tube, the other end being closed, a slow and usually uniform flame movement is initially set up. Except in mixtures very near to one or other of the explosion limits, this initial phase is soon succeeded by an oscillatory movement during which the flame swings backwards and forwards, usually with increasing amplitude, until it is either extinguished, by swinging too far backwards into its own products of combustion, or gives rise to a must accelerated movement, may be ending up in "detonation" if sufficiently accelerated during a forward swing.

Experimental and Theoretical Methods of Lower Explosion Limit Determination in Gaseous and Liquid Fuels. A Review of the State of Knowledge

Problems of Mechatronics Armament Aviation Safety Engineering ◽

10.5604/01.3001.0009.5021 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 7 (4) ◽

pp. 85-114 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Marcin GRABARCZYK ◽

Wiesława CIESIŃSKA ◽

Rafał POROWSKI

Keyword(s):

Past Research ◽

Experimental Methods ◽

The State ◽

Liquid Fuels ◽

Theoretical Methods ◽

Explosion Limits ◽

Explosion Limit

This work is an in-depth discussion of the experimental methods of lower explosion limit (LEL) determination and estimation in gases and the vapours of liquids. The focus here includes the dependences and drawbacks of each method. The work also outlines past research and discoveries that relate to the determination of explosion limits.

Quasi-static dispersion of dusts for the determination of lower explosion limits of hybrid mixtures

Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries ◽

10.1016/j.jlp.2021.104640 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 104640

Author(s):

Zaheer Abbas ◽

Dieter Gabel ◽

Arne Krietsch ◽

Ulrich Krause

Keyword(s):

Explosion Limits ◽

Hybrid Mixtures

Determination of explosion limits – Criterion for ignition under non-atmospheric conditions

Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries ◽

10.1016/j.jlp.2015.01.012 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 36 ◽

pp. 562-568 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Rico Tschirschwitz ◽

Volkmar Schröder ◽

Elisabeth Brandes ◽

Ulrich Krause

Keyword(s):

Atmospheric Conditions ◽

Explosion Limits

Determination of explosion limits of gases and vapours

10.3403/30190315 ◽

2012 ◽

Keyword(s):

Explosion Limits

Determination of explosion limits of gases and vapours

10.3403/02967727 ◽

2004 ◽

Keyword(s):

Explosion Limits

Comparison between the System Cascading Collapse Based Hidden Failure and Fault Chain Theory in the Determination of Sensitive Transmission Lines

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.785.440 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 785 ◽

pp. 440-444

Author(s):

Nur Ashida Salim ◽

Muhammad Murtadha Othman ◽

Ismail Musirin ◽

Mohd Salleh Serwan

Keyword(s):

Power System ◽

Comparative Study ◽

Transmission Lines ◽

Critical Power ◽

Considerable Effect ◽

Accurate Calculation ◽

Hidden Failure ◽

Average Probability ◽

Chain Theory

This paper presents a computationally accurate technique used to determine the estimated average probability of a system cascading collapse in association with the effect of hidden failure on a protection system. This includes an accurate calculation of the probability of hidden failure as it will provide considerable effect on the results of the estimated average probability of system cascading collapse. The estimated average probability of a system cascading collapse is then used to determine the sensitive transmission contributing to a higher risk of a system cascading collapse. This information is important because it will assist the utility to determine the critical transmission lines before the occurrence of critical power system cascading collapse. Comparative study has been done with other techniques to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method used in the determination of sensitive transmission lines.