The relationship of REM sleep with learning and memory in mice

The present study examines the relationship of depression and the neuropsychologicalfunction of attention, planning and auditory verbal learning and memory among individualswith HIV/AIDS. 200 subjects who were HIV/AIDS positive (100 males and 100 females) andwere within age range of 20 to 50 years and minimum education level of 8th standard weretaken. The result indicates that Depression slows down the performance of attention; alsodepression most likely decreases the function of auditory verbal learning and memory

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The Relationship of Fear-Potentiated Startle and Polysomnography-Measured Sleep in Trauma-Exposed Men and Women with and without PTSD: Testing REM Sleep Effects and Exploring the Roles of an Integrative Measure of Sleep, PTSD Symptoms, and Biological Sex

SLEEP ◽

10.1093/sleep/zsab271 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Anne Richards ◽

Sabra S Inslicht ◽

Leslie M Yack ◽

Thomas J Metzler ◽

J Russell Huie ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Visual Stimulus ◽

Rem Sleep ◽

Stress Condition ◽

Ptsd Symptoms ◽

Air Blast ◽

Sex Effects ◽

Biological Sex ◽

Fear Potentiated Startle ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship

Abstract Study Objectives Published research indicates that sleep is involved in emotional information processing. Using a fear-potentiated startle (FPS) and nap sleep protocol, we examined the relationship of emotional learning with REM sleep (REMS) in trauma-exposed participants. We also explored the roles of PTSD symptoms, biological sex, and an integrative measure of polysomnography-measured (PSG) sleep in the learning-sleep relationship. Methods After an adaptation nap, participants (N=46) completed 2 more visits (counterbalanced): a stress-condition visit, which included FPS conditioning procedures prior to a nap and assessment of learning retention and fear extinction training after the nap, and a control visit, which included a nap opportunity without stressful procedures. FPS conditioning included a “fear” visual stimulus paired with an air blast to the neck and a “safety” visual stimulus never paired with an air blast. Retention and extinction involved presentation of the visual stimuli without the air blast. Primary analyses examined the relationship between FPS responses pre- and post- sleep with stress-condition REMS duration, controlling for control-nap REMS duration. Results Higher safety learning predicted increased REMS and increased REMS predicted more rapid extinction learning. Similar relationships were observed with an integrative PSG sleep measure. They also showed unexpected effects of PTSD symptoms on learning and showed biological sex effects on learning-sleep relationships. Conclusions Findings support evidence of a relationship between adaptive emotional learning and REMS. They underscore the importance of examining sex effects in sleep-learning relationships. They introduce an integrative PSG sleep measure with potential relevance to studies of sleep and subjective and biological outcomes.

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Does Apolipoprotein E Influence Learning and Memory in the Nondemented Oldest Old?

International Psychogeriatrics ◽

10.1017/s1041610201007864 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 13 (4) ◽

pp. 451-459 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Anne Salo ◽

Raija Ylikoski ◽

Auli Verkkoniemi ◽

Tuomo Polvikoski ◽

Kati Juva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Apolipoprotein E ◽

Learning And Memory ◽

Verbal Fluency ◽

Oldest Old ◽

Very Elderly ◽

Object Memory ◽

Apoe Ε4 ◽

Ε4 Allele ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship

The objective of this study was to analyze the relationship of the apolipoprotein E (apoE) ε4 and ε2 alleles to learning and memory performances in the nondemented oldest old. Forty-six nondemented persons aged 85 years or over from a randomly selected group of 128 subjects in Vantaa, Finland, were studied. ApoE genotyping was performed using the minisequencing technique. A structured clinical examination and interview were carried out. The test variables studied were learning and memory scores (from the Fuld Object-Memory Evaluation), verbal fluency, and conceptualization (the Similarities subtest of the WAIS-R). We compared apoE-ε4 carriers to noncarriers and apoE-ε2 carriers to noncarrirs. No statistically significant differences were found in any of the test variables. The results failed to confirm the hypotheses that poor cognitive performance is associated with the apoE-ε4 allele and good performance with the apoE-ε2 allele in the oldest old. This suggests that the apoE alleles do not have a detectable relationship to learning and memory in nondemented very elderly people.

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Investigation Into Sleep Disturbance of Patients Suffering from Cluster Headache

Cephalalgia ◽

10.1111/j.1468-2982.2004.00897.x ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 25 (7) ◽

pp. 488-492 ◽

Cited By ~ 59

Author(s):

ME Nobre ◽

AJ Leal ◽

PMF Filho

Keyword(s):

Cluster Headache ◽

Rem Sleep ◽

Sleep Apnoea ◽

Respiratory Physiology ◽

Control Group ◽

Normal Individuals ◽

Obstructive Sleep ◽

Stratified Analysis ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship

The new discoveries relating to cluster headache (CH) encouraged the study of the relationship of the hypothalamus to respiratory physiology and its comorbidity with sleep apnoea. The question is whether the apnoeas are more frequent during REM sleep and the desaturations could be involved as triggers of the cluster attacks. Furthermore, could the connection with the hypothalamus, already proved, be responsible for an alteration in the structure of REM sleep and a chemoreceptor dysfunction. We set out to analyse when polysomnography investigation is necessary in patients with CH. We studied 37 patients suffering from episodic CH, 31 (83.8%) men and six (16.2%) women. For the control group, we selected 35 individuals, 31 (88.6%) men and four (11.4%) women. There was a greater percentage of obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) in patients with CH (58.3%) compared with the control group (14.3%) and with the general population (2-4%). In cases of pain during sleep, the majority is deflagrated during the REM phase, following a desaturation episode. A stratified analysis of the apnoea/hypnoea index relating to body mass index (BMI) and age showed that patients with CH have 8.4 times more chance of exhibiting OSA than normal individuals ( P < 0001). This risk increases to 24.38 in patients with a BMI > 25 kg/m2 and increases to 13.5 in patients > 40 years old. Surprisingly, the risk decreases sharply in patients with a BMI < 25 kg/m2 and who are < 40 years old. Due to the fact that polysomnography is a complex, costly and sometimes difficult examination, we suggest, in concordance with the results, that it should be carried out routinely in patients with CH that exhibit a BMI of > 25 kg/m2 and/or in patients who are > 40 years of age.

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The Relationship of Learning and Memory With Organizational Performance: The Moderating Role of Turbulence

Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science ◽

10.1177/0092070306287327 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 34 (4) ◽

pp. 600-612 ◽

Cited By ~ 115

Author(s):

S. Hanvanich

Keyword(s):

Organizational Performance ◽

Learning And Memory ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship ◽

Moderating Role

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Augmenting expiratory neuronal activity in sleep and wakefulness and in relation to duration of expiration

Journal of Applied Physiology ◽

10.1152/jappl.1998.85.4.1260 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 85 (4) ◽

pp. 1260-1266 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

John Orem

Keyword(s):

Correlation Analysis ◽

Eye Movement ◽

Neuronal Activity ◽

Rem Sleep ◽

Inverse Relationship ◽

Rapid Eye Movement ◽

Consistent Relationship ◽

Kendall’S Τ ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship

Augmenting expiratory cells ( n = 23) were recorded in the rostral medulla of five cats in sleep and wakefulness. The objective was to determine the relationship of their activity to the duration of expiration (Te) and, particularly, to Te in rapid-eye-movement (REM) sleep, when expirations are short and may even cause fractionated breathing. Correlation analysis (Kendall’s τ) showed no consistent relationship in any state between the breath-by-breath mean activity of augmenting expiratory cells and Te. This result contradicts predications of an inverse relationship between augmenting expiratory activity and Te. Some cells (11 of 23) were more active in REM than in non-REM sleep and were active during fractionated breathing. This suggests that fractionated breathing in REM sleep is caused by short expiratory phases and not by intermittent inhibition of an ongoing inspiration.

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The Relationship of Sleep to Learning and Memory

International Journal of Mental Health ◽

10.1080/00207411.1991.11449184 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

pp. 41-47 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Li Deming ◽

Wu Zhenyun ◽

Shao Daosheng ◽

Liu Shanxun

Keyword(s):

Learning And Memory ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship

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Relationship of Depression and function of Attention, Planning and Verbal Learning and Memory

Thematics Journal of Geography ◽

10.26643/tjg.v8i8.8146 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (8) ◽

pp. 214-225

Author(s):

Nongmeikapam Premika Devi

Keyword(s):

Learning And Memory ◽

Verbal Learning ◽

Neuropsychological Function ◽

Auditory Verbal Learning ◽

And Function ◽

Age Range ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship ◽

Minimum Education ◽

Hiv Aids

The present study examines the relationship of depression and the neuropsychological function of attention, planning and auditory verbal learning and memory among individuals with HIV/AIDS. 200 subjects who were HIV/AIDS positive (100 males and 100 females) and were within age range of 20 to 50 years and minimum education level of 8th standard were taken. The result indicates that Depression slows down the performance of attention; also depression most likely decreases the function of auditory verbal learning and memory.

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The relationship of the scleractinian corals to the rugose corals

Paleobiology ◽

10.1017/s0094837300025707 ◽

1980 ◽

Vol 6 (02) ◽

pp. 146-160 ◽

Cited By ~ 29

Author(s):

William A. Oliver

Keyword(s):

Critical Points ◽

Scleractinian Corals ◽

Convincing Evidence ◽

Early Triassic ◽

Rugose Corals ◽

History Of ◽

The Subject ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship ◽

Biologic Factors

The Mesozoic-Cenozoic coral Order Scleractinia has been suggested to have originated or evolved (1) by direct descent from the Paleozoic Order Rugosa or (2) by the development of a skeleton in members of one of the anemone groups that probably have existed throughout Phanerozoic time. In spite of much work on the subject, advocates of the direct descent hypothesis have failed to find convincing evidence of this relationship. Critical points are:(1) Rugosan septal insertion is serial; Scleractinian insertion is cyclic; no intermediate stages have been demonstrated. Apparent intermediates are Scleractinia having bilateral cyclic insertion or teratological Rugosa.(2) There is convincing evidence that the skeletons of many Rugosa were calcitic and none are known to be or to have been aragonitic. In contrast, the skeletons of all living Scleractinia are aragonitic and there is evidence that fossil Scleractinia were aragonitic also. The mineralogic difference is almost certainly due to intrinsic biologic factors.(3) No early Triassic corals of either group are known. This fact is not compelling (by itself) but is important in connection with points 1 and 2, because, given direct descent, both changes took place during this only stage in the history of the two groups in which there are no known corals.

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