Complications of cirrhosis. I. Portal hypertension

2000 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 141-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaime Bosch ◽  
Juan Carlos García-Pagán
Keyword(s):  
Portal Hypertension ◽  
Complications Of Cirrhosis

Complications of cirrhosis and portal hypertension

2013 ◽  
pp. 251-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Marks ◽  
Marcus Harbord
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Liver Transplantation ◽  
Portal Hypertension ◽  
Hepatic Encephalopathy ◽  
Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Nodule Formation ◽  
Architectural Distortion ◽  
Bacterial Peritonitis ◽  
Complications Of Cirrhosis

Causes and diagnosis of cirrhosis Causes and diagnosis of non-cirrhotic portal hypertension Ascites Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis Hepatorenal syndrome Variceal haemorrhage Hepatic encephalopathy Hepatopulmonary syndromes Hepatocellular carcinoma Cirrhosis occurs following progressive hepatic fibrosis, with architectural distortion of the liver and nodule formation. It is a histological diagnosis. Late-stage cirrhosis is irreversible, at which point only liver transplantation is curative. Early-stage cirrhosis has been shown to improve following treatment and may be asymptomatic....

The HVPG-response to pharmacological treatment of portal hypertension predicts prognosis and the risk of developing complications of cirrhosis

2002 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilaria Tarantino ◽  
Juan G. Abraldes ◽  
Juan Turnes ◽  
Juan Carlos Garcia Pagan ◽  
Jaime Bosch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Portal Hypertension ◽  
Pharmacological Treatment ◽  
Complications Of Cirrhosis

Maintenance of hemodynamic response to treatment for portal hypertension and influence on complications of cirrhosis

2004 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 757-765 ◽  
Author(s):  
Càndid Villanueva ◽  
Josep M López-Balaguer ◽  
Carles Aracil ◽  
Lilian Kolle ◽  
Begoña González ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Portal Hypertension ◽  
Hemodynamic Response ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Complications Of Cirrhosis

scholarly journals Prognostic Markers in Patients with Cirrhosis and Portal Hypertension Who Have Not Bled

2011 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 147-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Poca ◽  
Angela Puente ◽  
Isabel Graupera ◽  
Càndid Villanueva
Keyword(s):  
Portal Hypertension ◽  
Prognostic Value ◽  
Prognostic Markers ◽  
Transient Elastography ◽  
Serum Markers ◽  
Promising Technique ◽  
Prognostic Information ◽  
Compensated Cirrhosis ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
Complications Of Cirrhosis

Prognostic markers of compensated cirrhosis should mainly investigate factors involved with progression to decompensation because death in cirrhosis is related with decompensation. Portal hypertension plays a crucial role in the pathophysiology of most complications of cirrhosis. Accordingly, HVPGmonitoring has strong prognostic value. An HVPG ≥ 10 mmHg determines a significantly higher risk of developing decompensation. Esophageal varices also can develop when the HVPG is ≥ 10 mmHg, although an HVPG ≥ 12 mmHg is required for variceal bleeding to occur. Monitoring the changes induced by the treatment of portal hypertension on HVPG, provides strong prognostic information. In compensated cirrhosis hemodynamic response is appropriate when the HVPG decreased to <10 mmHg or by > 10% from baseline, because the incidence of complications such as bleeding or ascites significantly decrease when these targets are achieved. Whether serum markers, such as the FibroTest, they, may be valuable to predict decompensation should be established. Transient Elastography is a promising technique that has shown an excellent accuracy to detect severe portal hypertension. However, whether it can adequately determine clinically significant portal hypertension, and risk of developing varices and decompensation, should be established. Magnetic Resonance Elastography is also promising.

Portal hypertension and variceal bleeding

2020 ◽  
pp. 3068-3080
Author(s):  
Marcus Robertson ◽  
Peter Hayes
Keyword(s):  
Portal Hypertension ◽  
Variceal Bleeding ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Gastric Varices ◽  
Secondary Prophylaxis ◽  
Medical Emergency ◽  
Endoscopic Management ◽  
Recurrent Bleeding ◽  
Endoscopic Variceal Ligation ◽  
Complications Of Cirrhosis

Portal hypertension refers to a pathological elevation of pressure in the veins that carry blood from the splanchnic organs to the liver which, in developed countries, most commonly results from increased intrahepatic resistance to portal flow as a result of liver cirrhosis. Portal hypertension is associated with development of many of the complications of cirrhosis and confers a poor prognosis. Acute variceal bleeding is a life-threatening medical emergency which remains a leading cause of death in patients with cirrhosis. Endoscopic variceal ligation and endoscopic variceal obturation remain the treatments of choice for bleeding oesophageal and gastric varices respectively. Advances in care including prophylactic antibiotics, vasoactive drugs, and transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt in patients with bleeding refractory to early endoscopic management has improved the mortality rate, which is now estimated at 15 to 20%. Secondary prophylaxis of variceal bleeding with nonselective β‎-blockers and/or endoscopic variceal ligation reduces recurrent bleeding and has been demonstrated to improve survival.

scholarly journals Progressive Familial Intrahepatic Cholestasis: A Rare Cause of Cirrhosis in Young Adult Patients

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gavin R. Sun ◽  
Michele Burns
Keyword(s):  
Portal Hypertension ◽  
Intrahepatic Cholestasis ◽  
Unusual Case ◽  
Early Adulthood ◽  
Clinical Approach ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Progressive Familial Intrahepatic Cholestasis ◽  
Bacterial Peritonitis ◽  
Complications Of Cirrhosis ◽  
Type 3

Hepatic cirrhosis is an important cause of morbidity and mortality. An unusual case of cirrhosis and portal hypertension in an 18-year-old patient secondary to Progressive Intrahepatic Cholestasis is discussed. The clinical and biochemical findings are discussed and a clinical approach to determining the underlying etiology of cirrhosis is outlined. Significant complications of portal hypertension include ascites, spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, hepatorenal syndrome, varices, and hepatic encephalopathy. A clinical approach to these complications of cirrhosis is presented. Progressive Familial Intrahepatic Cholestasis (PFIC) is a rare congenital metabolic abnormality. There are 3 subtypes and Type 3 PFIC commonly presents in late adolescence and early adulthood. Clinical and laboratory findings as well as management for the condition are described.

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