scholarly journals Scanning electron microscopy of the leaf epicuticular waxes of the genus Gethyllis L. (Amaryllidaceae) and prospects for a further subdivision

2001 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 333-343
Author(s):  
C. Weiglin
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Epicuticular Waxes ◽  
Scanning Electron

Surfactant-Induced Phytotoxicity

1994 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 519-525 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard H. Falk ◽  
Richard Guggenheim ◽  
Gerhard Schulke
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Tissue Damage ◽  
Epicuticular Wax ◽  
Morphological Alteration ◽  
Epicuticular Waxes ◽  
Common Purslane ◽  
Morphology Changes ◽  
Cryo Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron

The leaves of tall morningglory, giant duckweed, and common purslane were treated with nine surfactants at a concentration of 0.1% and examined after 24 hr using cryo-scanning electron microscopy for phytotoxicity as evidenced by tissue damage and epicuticular wax morphology changes. In some instances, tissue damage could be discerned; however, the effects of a particular surfactant were not uniform across the three species. Morphological alteration of epicuticular waxes was not observed. Gas chromatographic analyses of the epicuticular waxes of the species used in the study reveal component differences and may, in part, explain the lack of uniform response across species for a particular surfactant.

scholarly journals Foliar epidermis morphology in Quercus (subgenus Quercus, section Quercus) in Iran

2012 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Parisa Panahi ◽  
Ziba Jamzad ◽  
Mohammad Pourmajidian ◽  
Asghar Fallah ◽  
Mehdi Pourhashemi
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Leaf Surface ◽  
Epicuticular Waxes ◽  
Abaxial Leaf Surface ◽  
Trichome Types ◽  
Foliar Morphology ◽  
Scanning Electron ◽  
Foliar Epidermis

Foliar epidermis morphology inQuercus(subgenusQuercus, sectionQuercus) in IranThe foliar morphology of trichomes, epicuticular waxes and stomata inQuercus cedrorum, Q. infectoriasubsp.boissieri, Q. komarovii, Q. longipes, Q. macranthera, Q. petraeasubsp.ibericaandQ. robursubsp.pedunculiflorawere studied by scanning electron microscopy. The trichomes are mainly present on abaxial leaf surface in most species, but rarely they appear on adaxial surface. Five trichome types are identified as simple uniseriate, bulbous, solitary, fasciculate and stellate. The stomata of all studied species are of the anomocytic type, raised on the epidermis. The stomata rim may or may not be covered with epicuticular. The epicuticular waxes are mostly of the crystalloid type but smooth layer wax is observed inQ. robursubsp.pedunculiflora.Statistical analysis revealed foliar micromorphological features as been diagnostic characters inQuercus.

scholarly journals Comparative floral surface micromorphology helps to discriminate between species of Paphiopedilum (Orchidaceae: Cypripedioideae) from Peninsular Malaysia

Lankesteriana ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward E. Besi ◽  
Lam S. Jia ◽  
Muskhazli Mustafa ◽  
Christina S. Y.  Yong ◽  
Rusea Go
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Glandular Trichomes ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Peninsular Malaysia ◽  
Epicuticular Waxes ◽  
Monophyletic Clade ◽  
Surface Micromorphology ◽  
Floral Micromorphology ◽  
Scanning Electron

Abstract. The floral micromorphology of critically endangered Paphiopedilum Pfitzer [P. barbatum (Lindl.) Pfitzer, P. callosum var. sublaeve (Rchb.f.) P.J.Cribb and P. niveum (Rchb.f.) Stein] were analyzed concerning either infrageneric taxonomy or physioecological demands. The first two species are phylogenetically close and superficially identical but occur with distinct phytogeographical distributions in the region. The third species is a phylogenetically distant congener that inhabits limestone areas in the northern part of Peninsular Malaysia. Using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), we investigated the surface of the dorsal sepal, synsepal, lateral petals, pouch or labellum, and staminode. Amongst the investigated features were epicuticular waxes, epicuticular ornamentation, trichome distribution and type, pustular glands, and papillae. Our study supports the distinction of P. barbatum from P. callosum var. sublaeve, which belong to subgenus Paphiopedilum, and from P. niveum, a species belonging to subgenus Brachypetalum, a separated monophyletic clade. Comparatively, P. barbatum has Type III non-glandular trichomes on the margin of its lateral petals, which are absent in P. callosum var. sublaeve. Paphiopedilum callosum var. sublaeve and P. niveum are distinguishable from P. barbatum by a confined distribution of papillae. The epicuticular ornamentation and distribution of trichomes on staminode discriminate between P. barbatum and P. callosum var. sublaeve and differentiates them from P. niveum. Compared to P. barbatum and P. niveum, stomata in P. callosum var. sublaeve were superficial with prominently raised guard cells. From the physioecological view, the absence of glandular trichomes, and the low occurrence of papillae and stomata on the floral parts explain the unscented flowers of P. barbatum and P. callosum var. sublaeve. A combination of the features examined is taxonomically valuable for delimitation of the species at the infrageneric level, although the diagnostic characters are far inadequate for a generic taxonomic revision. A study with a more extensive sampling from the three subgenera of Paphiopedilum, including subgenus Parvisepalum, is anticipated to elucidate the level of variation of the analyzed microcharacters. Key Words: physioecological importance, Peninsular Malaysia, subgenus Brachypetalum, subgenus Paphiopedilum, scanning electron microscopy, taxonomic delimitation

Chemistry and Morphology of Epicuticular Waxes from Leaves of Five Euphorbia Species

1986 ◽  
Vol 41 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 521-525 ◽  
Author(s):  
Herbert Hemmers ◽  
Paul-Gerhard Gülz ◽  
Kurt Hängst
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Epicuticular Waxes ◽  
Primary Alcohols ◽  
Chemical Methods ◽  
Morphological Appearance ◽  
Surface Waxes ◽  
Wax Crystals ◽  
Scanning Electron

The surface waxes of five Euphorbia species (Euphorbiaceae) were studied by chemical methods and by scanning electron microscopy. The yields of epicuticular waxes, expressed as percentages of the dry weights, differed from species to species. Qualitatively the five species showed the same wax composition but differences appeared in the amounts of single wax components and in their distribution patterns. The predominance of mainly saturated and long chained components as well as the high amounts of primary alcohols and triterpenols resulted in crystalline wax layers. The comparable chemical wax com position of all five species resulted in a quite similar morphological appearance of wax crystals.

Absorption and Translocation of MON 0818 Adjuvant in Field Bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis)

Weed Science ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 817-823 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stewart L. Sherrick ◽  
Harvey A. Holt ◽  
F. Dan Hess
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Light Intensity ◽  
Epicuticular Waxes ◽  
Convolvulus Arvensis ◽  
Sorbitan Monolaurate ◽  
Treated Area ◽  
Field Bindweed ◽  
Treated Leaf ◽  
Scanning Electron

To develop an understanding of how adjuvants might enhance glyphosate [N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine] activity, absorption and translocation of a polyethoxylated tallow amine amphoteric surfactant (MON 0818) were examined in field bindweed (Convolvulus arvensisL. # CONAR). Scanning electron microscopy did not reveal any physical disruption of the epicuticular waxes from spray applications of MON 0818, an oxysorbic (20 POE) (polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate) surfactant, or glyphosate. Radioactive MON 0818 absorption was rapid during the first 6 h. Maximum absorption (84%) occurred by 24 h after application. Less than 3% of the applied radioactivity was recovered from the epicuticular wax of treated leaves. Movement of radioactivity away from the treated area was limited predominantly to movement within the treated leaf. Altering light intensity or humidity in which the plants developed before treatment did not influence MON 0818 absorption.

scholarly journals Relationship Between Apple Fruit Epicuticular Wax and Growth of Peltaster fructicola and Leptodontidium elatius, Two Fungi that Cause Sooty Blotch Disease

Plant Disease ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 84 (7) ◽  
pp. 767-772 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert D. Belding ◽  
Turner B. Sutton ◽  
Sylvia M. Blankenship ◽  
Eric Young
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Apple Juice ◽  
Apple Fruit ◽  
Epicuticular Wax ◽  
Epicuticular Waxes ◽  
Sooty Blotch ◽  
Apple Cultivars ◽  
Scanning Electron

Sooty blotch severity varied among apple cultivars or selections surveyed in 1989 and 1992. No mycelial growth was observed on russetted areas of the cuticle that are considered impermeable. Ursolic acid and n-alkanes were the most prominent components of the epicuticular waxes of the cultivars or selections evaluated. Although there were differences in the relative proportions of these compounds among the cultivars, the differences were not related to the severity of sooty blotch. Peltaster fructicola and Leptodontidium elatius were grown on compounds that comprise the epicuticular wax of the fruit to determine if one or more of these were needed for growth. The fungi did not grow on any of the five major components of the epicuticular wax unless dilute apple juice was included. Scanning electron microscopy studies showed that mycelia of P. fructicola grew on the surface of the wax and did not appear to degrade it. Our studies support the hypothesis that P. fructicola and L. elatius fungi are epiphytes and obtain their nutrients not from components of the cuticle, but more likely from fruit leachates.

Epidermis and epicuticular waxes of Syagrus coronata leaflets

1995 ◽  
Vol 73 (12) ◽  
pp. 1947-1952 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raul Dodsworth Machado ◽  
Cláudia Franca Barros
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Leaf Blade ◽  
Amorphous Layer ◽  
Palm Tree ◽  
Epicuticular Waxes ◽  
Abaxial Side ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Scanning Electron

The outer epidermal cell walls of the leaf blade of the licuri palm tree were studied by light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy, with special attention to the epicuticular waxes. On the intensely green adaxial surface, the wax adheres in the form of a smooth, flexible, varnish-like layer. On the pruinose, dull, greenish or bluish abaxial side, the wax appears as a thin amorphous layer from which rodlets and columns protrude. Very curved rodlets, in compact rows, border each stoma, sometimes almost completely closing its aperture. Numerous pores, not resolvable with the light microscope, were detected in both cuticular membranes. Comments are presented concerning the possible functions of several configurations of epicuticular waxes. Key words: epicuticular waxes, wax micromorphology, Syagrus, licuri, epidermal wall.

Pathogenesis of Human Hair Defects

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 12-13
Author(s):  
P.S. Porter ◽  
T. Aoyagi ◽  
R. Matta
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Human Hair ◽  
Standard Techniques ◽  
Scanning Electron

Using standard techniques of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), over 1000 human hair defects have been studied. In several of the defects, the pathogenesis of the abnormality has been clarified using these techniques. It is the purpose of this paper to present several distinct morphologic abnormalities of hair and to discuss their pathogenesis as elucidated through techniques of scanning electron microscopy.

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