A randomized, placebo-controlled trial of subcutaneous administration of GM-CSF as a vaccine adjuvant: effect on cellular and humoral immune responses

Vaccine ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 21 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 221-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jyoti Somani ◽  
Sagar Lonial ◽  
Hilary Rosenthal ◽  
Suzanne Resnick ◽  
Irina Kakhniashvili ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Subcutaneous Administration ◽  
Vaccine Adjuvant ◽  
Adjuvant Effect ◽  
Gm Csf ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Humoral Immune Responses

scholarly journals Augmentation of in vitro humoral immune responses in the mouse by an antibody to IgD.

1980 ◽  
Vol 152 (3) ◽  
pp. 493-506 ◽  
Author(s):  
F D Finkelham ◽  
V L Woods ◽  
S B Wilburn ◽  
J J Mond ◽  
K E Stein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Adjuvant Effect ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Humoral Immune Responses ◽  
Almost All ◽  
T Cell Help

Heterologous anti-delta-chain antibodies have an adjuvant effect on specific in vivo humoral immune responses to simultaneously, or subsequently, injected antigens in the rat and rhesus monkey. We have used a hybridoma-secreted antibody that binds murine delta-chain of the allotype (4.22aM delta a) to study this phenomenon in the mouse and to investigate the mechanism of this effect. Injection of 4.22aM delta a into BALB/c mice removes almost all surface IgD (sIgD) from splenic B lymphocites. sIgD does not reappear until the serum level of 4.22aM delta a decreased 5-7 d after injection. 4.22aM delta a fails to induce detectable proliferation or to raise total serum Ig levels substantially above control values. However, 4.22aM dalta a injected 24 h before antigen elicits an approximately twofold enhancement of serum IgM and a 3- to 10-fold enhancement of serum IgG anti-trintriphenyl (TNP) antibodies in response to immunization with optimal doses of TNP-Ficoll or TNP-sheep red blood cells (TNP-SRBC). 4.22aM delta a injected 1 wk before or 3 d after TNP-SRBC, however, has no effect on IgG anti-TNP levels. The adjuvant effect of anti-delta-chain antibody was markedly decreased when suboptimal antigen doses were used. Furthermore, even in the case of TNP-Ficoll, a relatively T-independent antigen, the ability of 4.22aM dalta a to enhance the anti-TNP antibody response was T cell dependent. Our data suggest that the binding of anti-delta-chain antibody to cell sIgD may partially activate B lymphocytes and make them more capable of differentiating into antibody-secreting cells when stimulated by antigen-specific T cell help.

scholarly journals Glycoprotein 96-Mediated Presentation of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV-1)-Specific Human Leukocyte Antigen Class I-Restricted Peptide and Humoral Immune Responses to HIV-1 p24

2009 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. 1595-1600 ◽  
Author(s):  
XiaoYan Gong ◽  
WeiWei Gai ◽  
JunQiang Xu ◽  
Wei Zhou ◽  
Po Tien
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Human Leukocyte ◽  
Adjuvant Effect ◽  
Leukocyte Antigen ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Humoral Immune Responses ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Immune Adjuvant ◽  
Hiv 1

ABSTRACT Viral antigens complexed to heat shock proteins (HSPs) can enhance antiviral immunity. The present study evaluated the immunogenicity of a novel human immunodeficiency virus type 1B′ (HIV-1B′)-specific, human leukocyte antigen A2 (HLA-A2)-restricted peptide (FLQSRPEPTA, Gag448-457) and the cellular immune adjuvant effect of HSP gp96 using the HLA-A2 transgenic mouse model. It was found that gp96 could augment cytotoxic-T-lymphocyte responses specific for the 10-mer peptide of HIV-1B′. This study also evaluated the humoral immune adjuvant effect of HSP gp96 and its N-terminal fragment (N336) and found that immunization of BALB/c mice with a mixture of gp96 or its N-terminal fragment and HIV-1 p24 antigen or with an p24-N336 fusion protein resulted in a significant increase in anti-HIV p24 antibody titer. These results demonstrate the possibility of using gp96 and its N fragment as adjuvants to augment cellular and humoral immune responses against HIV-1 infection.

Immune responses to Mycoplasma bovis proteins formulated with different adjuvants

2016 ◽  
Vol 62 (6) ◽  
pp. 492-504 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tracy Prysliak ◽  
Jose Perez-Casal
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Poly I:C ◽  
Vaccine Adjuvant ◽  
Mycoplasma Bovis ◽  
Vaccine Candidates ◽  
Innate Defense ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Humoral Immune Responses ◽  
Polyinosinic:Polycytidylic Acid ◽  
A Subunit

Most vaccines for protection against Mycoplasma bovis disease are made of bacterins, and they offer varying degrees of protection. Our focus is on the development of a subunit-based protective vaccine, and to that end, we have identified 10 novel vaccine candidates. After formulation of these candidates with TriAdj, an experimental tri-component novel vaccine adjuvant developed at VIDO–InterVac, we measured humoral and cell-mediated immune responses in vaccinated animals. In addition, we compared the immune responses after formulation with TriAdj with the responses measured in animals vaccinated with a mix of a commercial adjuvant (Emulsigen™) and 2 of the components of the TriAdj, namely polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid (poly I:C) and the cationic innate defense regulator (IDR) peptide 1002 (VQRWLIVWRIRK). In this latter trial, we detected significant IgG1 humoral immune responses to 8 out of 10 M. bovis proteins, and IgG2 responses to 7 out of 10 proteins. Thus, we concluded that the commercial adjuvant formulated with poly I:C and the IDR peptide 1002 is the best formulation for the experimental vaccine.

scholarly journals Heat-inactivated modified vaccinia virus Ankara boosts Th1-biased cellular and humoral immune responses as a vaccine adjuvant by activating the STING-mediated cytosolic DNA-sensing pathway

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ning Yang ◽  
Aitor Garzia ◽  
Cindy Meyer ◽  
Thomas Tuschl ◽  
Taha Merghoub ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Vaccine Adjuvant ◽  
Effective Vaccine ◽  
Therapeutic Vaccination ◽  
Vaccine Adjuvants ◽  
Subunit Vaccines ◽  
Cross Presentation ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Humoral Immune Responses ◽  
Sting Pathway

Background: Protein or peptide-based subunit vaccines are promising platforms for combating human cancers and infectious diseases. However, one primary concern regarding subunit vaccines is the relatively weak immune responses induced by proteins or peptides. Therefore, developing novel and effective vaccine adjuvants is critical for the success of subunit vaccines. Modified vaccinia virus (MVA) is a safe and effective vaccine against smallpox and monkeypox. In this study, we explored the potential of heat-inactivated MVA (heat-iMVA) as a novel vaccine adjuvant. Methods: We co-administered heat-iMVA with a model antigen, chicken ovalbumin (OVA), either intramuscularly or subcutaneously twice, two weeks apart, and analyzed anti-OVA specific CD8+ and CD4+ T cells in the spleens and skin draining lymph nodes (dLNs) and serum anti-OVA IgG1 and IgG2c antibodies. We also compared the adjuvant effects of heat-iMVA with several known vaccine adjuvants. In addition, we tested whether co-administration of heat-iMVA plus tumor neoantigen peptides or irradiated tumor cells improves antitumor efficacy in a B16-F10 murine melanoma therapeutic vaccination model. Using Stimulator of Interferon Genes (STING) or Batf3-deficient mice, we evaluated the contribution of the STING pathway and Batf3-dependent CD103+/CD8alpha DCs in heat-iMVA-induced immunity. Results: Co-administration of protein- or peptide-based immunogens with heat-iMVA dramatically enhances Th1-biased cellular and humoral immune responses. This adjuvant effect of heat-iMVA is dependent on the STING-mediated cytosolic DNA-sensing pathway, and the antigen-specific CD8+ T cell response requires Batf3-dependent CD103+/CD8alpha dendritic cells (DCs). Heat-iMVA infection of bone marrow-derived DCs (BMDCs) promoted antigen cross-presentation, whereas live MVA infection did not. RNA-seq analyses revealed that heat-iMVA is a more potent activator of the STING pathway than live MVA. Additionally, combining tumor neoantigen peptides or irradiated tumor cells with heat-iMVA delayed tumor growth and extended the median survival in B16-F10 therapeutic vaccination models. Conclusions: Heat-iMVA induces type I interferon (IFN) production and antigen cross-presentation via a STING-dependent mechanism in DCs. Co-administration of heat-iMVA with peptide antigen generates strong Th1-biased cellular and humoral immunity. Collectively, our results demonstrate that heat-iMVA is a safe and potent vaccine adjuvant.

Specific humoral immune responses in 12 cases of food sensitization to sesame seed

1997 ◽  
Vol 27 (11) ◽  
pp. 1285-1291 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. N. KOLOPP-SARDA ◽  
D. A. MONERET-VAUTRIN ◽  
B. GOBERT ◽  
G. KANNY ◽  
M. BRODSCHII ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Sesame Seed ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Humoral Immune Responses ◽  
Food Sensitization
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