scholarly journals Common property and natural resources in the Alps: the decay of management structures?

2002 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingrid Kissling-Näf ◽  
Thomas Volken ◽  
Kurt Bisang
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Common Property ◽  
The Alps

scholarly journals TOWARDS A TAXONOMY FOR PUBLIC AND COMMON PROPERTY

2019 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 124-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Rodgers
Keyword(s):  
Property Rights ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Environmental Governance ◽  
Common Property ◽  
Private Property ◽  
Effective Protection ◽  
The Public ◽  
Property Interest ◽  
Public Property ◽  
New Strategies

AbstractThis article argues that public property rights should be recognised as a separate category of property interest, different and distinct from private and common property interests and conferring distinctive rights and obligations on both “owners” and members of the public. It develops a taxonomy to differentiate private, public and common property rights. The article concludes that it is a mistake to think in terms of “private property”, “common property” or “public property”. The division and allocation of resource entitlements in land can result in private, common and public property rights subsisting over the same land simultaneously, in different combinations and at different times. The categorisation of property interests in land (as private, common or public) may also shift and change from time to time. The article considers the importance of distinguishing between private, common and public property interests for developing new strategies for environmental governance, and for implementing the effective protection of natural resources.

scholarly journals Nowy Lockeański argument na rzecz socjalizmu: kontraktualizm w świetle teorii ekonomicznej

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 7-18
Author(s):  
Dariusz Grzybek ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Public Good ◽  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Common Property ◽  
Private Property ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Economic Life ◽  
The People ◽  
Key Factor

This article analyses the implications from modern economic theory on political philosophy. As economic growth seems the main fact of economic life, so progress of science is a key factor of economic growth in the long perspective. Scientific knowledge analyzed by economic terms appears as a kind of public good. This statement was tested against Lockeian property theory, fundamental for modern liberalism. According to Lockeian arguments, private property is a consequence of human self-ownership. If humans are the owners of their bodies, the fruits of their labor are thus legimatized property for them. Nature is indispensable in production; however we could consider them as God’s Gift. According to Locke’s theory, natural resources are the common property of all humankind, unless the people choose agriculture and animal husbandry. As we consider all natural resources to be God’s Gift, we could see them as the property of the whole human race. This indicates a claim for the egalitarian distribution of social income. This reasoning is an Old Lockeian Argument for Socialism. The New Argument is based on the assumption that scientific knowledge is the key resource used in the process of production and that knowledge is a free gift for humanity from the community of scientists. Using the terminology of economics, scientific knowledge takes the form of public good. Therefore, as science is the main factor in technological progress and economic growth, their fruits should be distributed among all people in an egalitarian mode.

scholarly journals Common Property Resource Management in Vanuatu - Perspectives from a Community

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Amanda Leathers
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Common Property ◽  
Local Governance ◽  
Cultural Economic ◽  
Governance Systems ◽  
Management Problems ◽  
Island Community ◽  
Common Property Resource Management ◽  
Commons Management

<p>Vanuatu's common property natural resources provide essential ecological services for the global community and sustain the livelihoods of 80% of the Vanuatu population. Sustainable management of natural resources is dependent on locally developed systems that govern common property resources. Understanding the drivers of commons management problems from local resource-users' perspectives is essential to know how local governance systems can be supported and strengthened. I explore locally identified drivers of commons management problems using a case study of the Tangoa Island community of South Santo, Vanuatu. Methods include participatory rural appraisal (PRA) techniques and 31 interviews with local people. Literature from Vanuatu as well as 18 interviews with Vanuatu government departments, NGOs, and aid donors informs how relevant the issues identified in the case study are for other communities across Vanuatu. I found that drivers at different contextual scales, from local to global, affect two main elements of a community's cooperative capacity for commons management - social cohesion and governance systems. The issues identified by the Tangoa Island community affect many Vanuatu communities because they are driven by wider processes of social, cultural, economic, and institutional change. Approaches to support and strengthen local social and governance systems can target drivers at multiple contextual scales.</p>

scholarly journals Common property rights regime as a possible solution for ecological problems

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (18) ◽  
pp. 26-48
Author(s):  
Milenko Popović
Keyword(s):  
Property Rights ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Common Property ◽  
Property Right ◽  
Ecological Problems ◽  
State Regime ◽  
Joint Ownership ◽  
Over Exploitation ◽  
The Relationship

The following paper provides an overview of the relationship that exists between different property-right regimes and the problem of over exploitation of ecological and other natural resources as a whole. New theoretical insights, developed especially by Elinor Ostrum, indicate the superiority of common property as a regime for managing these resources. When it is known that common property shows superiority evem in new platform technologies, then it is clear why this topic deserves such a brief overview that would further encourage research of this kind in our country as well. The paper especially points out the set of conditions under which joint ownership can be superior compared to private and state regime. Rules for designing a good regime of common property rights are also discussed.

Conservation and employment creation: can privatizing natural resources benefit traditional users?

2013 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 309-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Marie Baland ◽  
Kjetil Bjorvatn
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Common Property ◽  
Private Property ◽  
Labor Demand ◽  
Free Access ◽  
Resource Rents ◽  
Alternative Systems ◽  
Short Run ◽  
Private Owner

AbstractThe establishment of a private property regime is often proposed as a solution to the degradation of natural resources. While arguably more efficient than open access, private property often comes at a distributional cost (Weitzman, M. (1974), ‘Free access vs private ownership as alternative systems for managing common property’, Journal of Economic Theory 8(2): 225–234) as traditional users of the resource lose income and employment in the process. The present paper demonstrates that, in the case of renewable resources, traditional users may gain from privatization even if they are denied ownership of the resource. Indeed, a private owner maximizing profits tends to preserve the resource, which results in long-term increases in employment. We derive the conditions under which these long-term gains more than compensate traditional users for the short-run fall in labor demand and resource rents.

Kann das Grundeinkommen die Arbeitslosigkeit abbauen?

2000 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulrich Steinvorth
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Common Property ◽  
Good Life ◽  
Basic Income ◽  
Theory Of Justice ◽  
Unemployment Compensation ◽  
Right To Work ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Right

AbstractI agree with Van Parijs that a theory of justice must meet the condition of indicating institutions that eliminate compulsory unemployment, but argue that his basic income is another form of unemployment compensation with all the disadvantages such compensations suffer from. In particular, it does not advance real freedom, but is liable to contribute to narrow political ends. I indicate an alternative and explicate, since Van Parijs disregards it, the right to work and its basis in the common property of natural resources. Finally, I compare the two competing conceptions of a good life that underlie his recommendation of a basic income and my rejection of it.

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