Impact of 6F dual channel urethral catheter on flow rate during video-urodynamic investigations

Abstract Minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) drilling has been known for decades, but limited knowledge is available on two-channel through-tool MQL drilling due to the lack of accessibility to production systems. A common problem in MQL drilling is the absence of a rational approach to select the oil flow rate. The limited entry and exit area, and fixed energy available to the flow make the behavior complicated. This study leverages the capabilities in Ford’s manufacturing lab to abridge the research gap. Four different oil flow rates (0 ml/h, 15 ml/h, 30 ml/h and 60 ml/h) and two different drills (twist drill and straight drill) were used to find out the influence of oil flow rate on the cutting performance. Tool life, tool wear, cutting force and torque were monitored as the cutting performance indicators. It was concluded that, the common belief of higher oil flow rate providing better tool life, does not hold true for through-tool MQL drilling. The tool life for 30 ml/hr. oil flow rate appeared to be the highest compared to all the other cases for both the drills. Increasing the oil flow rate above 30 ml/hr. decreased the tool life. However, it is to be noted that the optimal oil flow rate values may be specific to the case.

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The effect of newly designed dual-channel elastomeric pump for intravenous patient-controlled analgesia after total laparoscopic hysterectomy: a randomised, double-blind, prospective study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-103701/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Seok Kyeong Oh ◽

Heezoo Kim ◽

Young Sung Kim ◽

Chung Hun Lee ◽

Jung Suk Oh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Patient Satisfaction ◽

Flow Rate ◽

Normal Saline ◽

Laparoscopic Hysterectomy ◽

Total Laparoscopic Hysterectomy ◽

Patient Controlled Analgesia ◽

Quality Of Recovery ◽

Dual Channel ◽

Group 16

Abstract Background: A newly designed intravenous patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) device with dual-channel elastomeric infusion pump has been recently introduced. One channel is a continuous line with a constant flow rate basal infusion, while the other channel has an adjustable flow rate and bolus function, and is labeled as a selector-bolus channel. This study compared dual and single channel intravenous PCA in terms of clinical effect and quality of recovery.Methods: Eighty-four patients undergoing total laparoscopic hysterectomy were randomly allocated to a 1-channel group (n = 41) or a 2-channel group (n = 43). Only the selector-bolus channel was utilised, but the continuous channel was not utilised in the 1-channel group, but both channels were utilised in the 2-channel group. In the 1-channel group, 16 µg/kg fentanyl, 2 mg/kg ketorolac, and 12 mg ondansetron with normal saline was administered to the selector-bolus channel, and normal saline only in the continuous channel for blinding. In the 2-channel group, 16 µg/kg fentanyl was administered to the selector-bolus channel, and ketorolac (2 mg/kg) and ondansetron (12 mg) were administered via the continuous channel. The quality of recovery was evaluated preoperatively and 24 h postoperatively using the Quality of Recovery-40 (QoR-40). Cumulative PCA consumption, postoperative pain rated using the numeric rating scale (NRS; during rest/cough), and postoperative nausea were evaluated 6, 12, 24, 36, and 48 hours after surgery. Incidence of vomiting and use of antiemetics and rescue analgesics were measured.Results: The 24-h postoperative QoR-40 score was higher in the 2-channel group than in the 1-channel group (P=0.031). The incidence of nausea at 12 h and 36 h was significantly higher in the 1-channel group (P=0.043 and 0.040, respectively), and antiemetic use was more frequent in the 1-channel group (P=0.049). Patient satisfaction was higher in the 2-channel group (P=0.036). No significant differences were observed in pain scores during resting/cough or cumulative PCA consumption.Conclusions: The 2-channel PCA showed a lower incidence of nausea and antiemetics administration, and consequently higher overall patient satisfaction and quality of recovery with comparable analgesic efficacy to that of the 1-channel PCA after total laparoscopic hysterectomy.Trial registration: Registered at ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04082039 on 9 September 2019.

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Entropy generation minimization (EGM) to optimize mass flow rate in dual channel cable-in-conduit conductors (CICCs) used for fusion grade magnets

Fusion Engineering and Design ◽

10.1016/j.fusengdes.2014.05.001 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 89 (6) ◽

pp. 837-846 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Raja Sekhar Dondapati ◽

V.V. Rao

Keyword(s):

Mass Flow Rate ◽

Entropy Generation ◽

Mass Flow ◽

Flow Rate ◽

Entropy Generation Minimization ◽

Dual Channel

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The Effect of a Urethral Catheter on the Measurement of Maximum Urinary Flow Rate

The Journal of Urology ◽

10.1016/s0022-5347(17)52953-5 ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 128 (2) ◽

pp. 429-432 ◽

Cited By ~ 32

Author(s):

Rosemary L. Ryall ◽

Villis R. Marshall

Keyword(s):

Flow Rate ◽

Urethral Catheter ◽

Urinary Flow Rate ◽

Urinary Flow ◽

Maximum Urinary Flow

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A Novel Reconstitution Method for Inducing the Formation of Regular 2-Dimensional Arrays of Membrane Proteins and Lipids

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100102845 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 46 ◽

pp. 152-153 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

A. Engel ◽

A. Holzenburg ◽

K. Stauffer ◽

J. Rosenbusch ◽

U. Aebi

Keyword(s):

Membrane Proteins ◽

Flow Rate ◽

Lipid Membranes ◽

Functional Characterization ◽

Dimensional Structure ◽

Electron Crystallography ◽

Peltier Element ◽

Protein Ratio ◽

Precise Control ◽

3 Dimensional

Reconstitution of solubilized and purified membrane proteins in the presence of phospholipids into vesicles allows their functions to be studied by simple bulk measurements (e.g. diffusion of differently sized solutes) or by conductance measurements after transformation into planar membranes. On the other hand, reconstitution into regular protein-lipid arrays, usually forming at a specific lipid-to-protein ratio, provides the basis for determining the 3-dimensional structure of membrane proteins employing the tools of electron crystallography.To refine reconstitution conditions for reproducibly inducing formation of large and highly ordered protein-lipid membranes that are suitable for both electron crystallography and patch clamping experiments aimed at their functional characterization, we built a flow-dialysis device that allows precise control of temperature and flow-rate (Fig. 1). The flow rate is generated by a peristaltic pump and can be adjusted from 1 to 500 ml/h. The dialysis buffer is brought to a preselected temperature during its travel through a meandering path before it enters the dialysis reservoir. A Z-80 based computer controls a Peltier element allowing the temperature profile to be programmed as function of time.

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Novel epoxy/anhydride alternatives for biological electron microscopy: Physical and performance characteristis of embed 812 and LX 112 in combination with NSA/NMA/DMAE

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100156985 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 47 ◽

pp. 1000-1001

Author(s):

Joe A. Mascorro ◽

Gerald S. Kirby

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Flow Rate ◽

Succinic Anhydride ◽

Volume Flow Rate ◽

Mass Density ◽

Uranyl Acetate ◽

Volume Flow ◽

Base Resin ◽

And Performance ◽

Acid Anhydrides

Embedding media based upon an epoxy resin of choice and the acid anhydrides dodecenyl succinic anhydride (DDSA), nadic methyl anhydride (NMA), and catalyzed by the tertiary amine 2,4,6-Tri(dimethylaminomethyl) phenol (DMP-30) are widely used in biological electron microscopy. These media possess a viscosity character that can impair tissue infiltration, particularly if original Epon 812 is utilized as the base resin. Other resins that are considerably less viscous than Epon 812 now are available as replacements. Likewise, nonenyl succinic anhydride (NSA) and dimethylaminoethanol (DMAE) are more fluid than their counterparts DDSA and DMP- 30 commonly used in earlier formulations. This work utilizes novel epoxy and anhydride combinations in order to produce embedding media with desirable flow rate and viscosity parameters that, in turn, would allow the medium to optimally infiltrate tissues. Specifically, embeding media based on EmBed 812 or LX 112 with NSA (in place of DDSA) and DMAE (replacing DMP-30), with NMA remaining constant, are formulated and offered as alternatives for routine biological work.Individual epoxy resins (Table I) or complete embedding media (Tables II-III) were tested for flow rate and viscosity. The novel media were further examined for their ability to infilftrate tissues, polymerize, sectioning and staining character, as well as strength and stability to the electron beam and column vacuum. For physical comparisons, a volume (9 ml) of either resin or media was aspirated into a capillary viscocimeter oriented vertically. The material was then allowed to flow out freely under the influence of gravity and the flow time necessary for the volume to exit was recored (Col B,C; Tables). In addition, the volume flow rate (ml flowing/second; Col D, Tables) was measured. Viscosity (n) could then be determined by using the Hagen-Poiseville relation for laminar flow, n = c.p/Q, where c = a geometric constant from an instrument calibration with water, p = mass density, and Q = volume flow rate. Mass weight and density of the materials were determined as well (Col F,G; Tables). Infiltration schedules utilized were short (1/2 hr 1:1, 3 hrs full resin), intermediate (1/2 hr 1:1, 6 hrs full resin) , or long (1/2 hr 1:1, 6 hrs full resin) in total time. Polymerization schedules ranging from 15 hrs (overnight) through 24, 36, or 48 hrs were tested. Sections demonstrating gold interference colors were collected on unsupported 200- 300 mesh grids and stained sequentially with uranyl acetate and lead citrate.

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Severe Drooling and Treatment With Botulinum Toxin

Perspectives on Swallowing and Swallowing Disorders (Dysphagia) ◽

10.1044/sasd21.1.15 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

pp. 15-21

Author(s):

Merete Bakke ◽

Allan Bardow ◽

Eigild Møller

Keyword(s):

Botulinum Toxin ◽

Side Effects ◽

Health Risk ◽

Flow Rate ◽

Clinical Evidence ◽

Acetylcholine Release ◽

Psychosocial Problems ◽

Rate Reduction ◽

Local Inhibition ◽

Surgical Treatments

Severe drooling is associated with discomfort and psychosocial problems and may constitute a health risk. A variety of different surgical and non-surgical treatments have been used to diminish drooling, some of them with little or uncertain effect and others more effective but irreversible or with side effects. Based on clinical evidence, injection with botulinum toxin (BTX) into the parotid and submandibular glands is a useful treatment option, because it is local, reversible, and with few side effects, although it has to be repeated. The mechanism of BTX is a local inhibition of acetylcholine release, which diminishes receptor-coupled secretion and results in a flow rate reduction of 25–50% for 2–7 months.

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