Prevalence and histologic features of transfusion transmitted virus and hepatitis C virus coinfection in a group of HIV patients

Abstract We have previously shown that the Egyptian Hepatitis C Virus Risk Score (EGCRISC), an Egyptian hepatitis C virus (HCV) risk-based screening tool, to be valid and cost-effective. Certain behaviours, occupations and diseases have been shown to be associated with an increased risk of exposure to HCV infection and constitute a major population reservoir of HCV infection. This study investigated the efficacy of EGCRISC in selected high-risk groups by testing 863 participants from four groups: slaughterhouse workers, illicit drug users (IDUs), female sex workers and human immune deficiency virus (HIV) patients. Data for this study were collected on EGCRISC and another pre-designed risk factor questionnaire. Sera were tested for HCV antibodies by ELISA. EGCRISC, at lower cut-off points, showed significantly good performance (P < 0.05) in all four groups except for females <45 years, but was reliable in detecting HCV cases (sensitivity: 84.21% and negative predictive value: 94.5%). Specific scores for IDUs and HIV patients were developed that showed high accuracy (P < 0.001). A modified EGCRISC for high-risk groups (EGCRISC-HRGs) was shown to be a valid tool that is recommended for use in high-risk populations if no other specific screening tool is available or universal screening is applied. EGCRISC for IDUs (EGCRISC-IDUs) and EGCRISC for HIV patients (EGCRISC-HIV) are useful tools for preselecting potentially HCV-infected cases for further testing in settings where serological analysis is not readily available or accessible.

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Clinical Pharmacokinetics of Nelfinavir and Its Metabolite M8 in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-Positive and HIV-Hepatitis C Virus-Coinfected Subjects

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy ◽

10.1128/aac.49.2.643-649.2005 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 49 (2) ◽

pp. 643-649 ◽

Cited By ~ 31

Author(s):

Mario Regazzi ◽

Renato Maserati ◽

Paola Villani ◽

Maria Cusato ◽

Patrizia Zucchi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

Hepatitis C Virus ◽

Hepatitis C ◽

Hiv Positive ◽

Therapeutic Drug ◽

Hiv Patients ◽

Standard Dosage ◽

Clinical Pharmacokinetics ◽

Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

The Mean

ABSTRACT In order to evaluate the potential risk of nelfinavir (NFV) accumulation in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-hepatitis C virus (HCV)-coinfected patients with liver disease, we investigated the concentrations of NFV and M8, the active metabolite of NFV, in plasma HIV-positive (HIV+) patients coinfected with HCV. A total of 119 HIV+ subjects were included in our study: 67 HIV+ patients, 32 HIV+ and HCV-positive (HCV+) patients without cirrhosis, and 20 HIV+ and HCV+ patients with cirrhosis. Most of the enrolled patients (chronically treated) were taking NFV at the standard dosage of 1,250 mg twice a day. To assay plasma NFV and M8 concentrations, patients underwent serial plasma samplings during the dosing interval at steady state. Plasma NFV and M8 concentrations were measured simultaneously by a high-performance liquid chromatography method with UV detection. The HIV+ and HCV+ patients with and without cirrhosis had significantly lower NFV oral clearances than the HIV+ and HCV-negative individuals (28 and 58% lower, respectively; P < 0.05), which translated into higher areas under the concentration-time curves for cirrhotic and noncirrhotic patients. The NFV absorption rate was significantly lower in cirrhotic patients, resulting in a longer time to the maximum concentration in serum. The mean ratios of the M8 concentration/NFV concentration were significantly lower (P < 0.05) in HIV+ and HCV+ subjects with cirrhosis (0.06 ± 0.074) than in the subjects in the other two groups. The mean ratios for M8 and NFV were not statistically different between HIV+ and HCV-negative patients (0.16 ± 0.13) and HIV+ and HCV+ patients without cirrhosis (0.24 ± 0.17), but the interpatient variability was high. Our results indicate that the pharmacokinetics of NFV and M8 are altered in HIV+ and HCV+ patients, especially those with liver cirrhosis. Therefore, there may be a role for therapeutic drug monitoring in individualizing the NFV dosage in HIV-HCV-coinfected patients.

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TRANSFUSION-TRANSMITTED VIRUS INFECTION IN CHILDREN WITH CHRONIC HEPATITIS C

The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal ◽

10.1097/00006454-200012000-00022 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 19 (12) ◽

pp. 1213-1214

Author(s):

Raffaella Giacchino ◽

Flavia Bortolotti ◽

Massimo Resti ◽

Loredana Tasso ◽

Carlo Crivellaro ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chronic Hepatitis ◽

Hepatitis C ◽

Virus Infection ◽

Chronic Hepatitis C ◽

Transmitted Virus ◽

Transfusion Transmitted Virus

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The IL28B effect on hepatitis C virus kinetics among HIV patients after the first weeks of pegylated-interferon/ribavirin treatment varies according to hepatitis C virus-1 subtype

AIDS ◽

10.1097/qad.0b013e328360ea1e ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 27 (12) ◽

pp. 1941-1947 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Antonio Rivero-Juarez ◽

Luis F. Lopez-Cortes ◽

Angela Camacho ◽

Antonio Caruz ◽

Almudena Torres-Cornejo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hepatitis C Virus ◽

Hepatitis C ◽

Pegylated Interferon ◽

Hiv Patients

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Higher Frequency of Transfusion-Transmitted Virus (TTV) in HIV Patients in Comparison with Healthy Blood Donors

international journal high risk behaviors & addiction ◽

10.5812/ijhrba.59363 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol In Press (In Press) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mohammad Taheri ◽

Mohammad Motamedifar ◽

Jamal Sarvari ◽

Ramin Yaghoobi ◽

Negin Nikouyan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Donors ◽

Hiv Patients ◽

Transmitted Virus ◽

Transfusion Transmitted Virus

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1589Incidence and Risk factors of Hepatitis C Virus Infection among HIV Patients in a large HIV Clinic in South Korea

Open Forum Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1093/ofid/ofu052.1135 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 1 (suppl_1) ◽

pp. S423-S423

Author(s):

Shinwon Lee ◽

Sun Hee Lee ◽

Su Jin Lee

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Hepatitis C Virus ◽

Hepatitis C ◽

Virus Infection ◽

South Korea ◽

Hepatitis C Virus Infection ◽

Hiv Patients

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Prevalence of hepatitis C virus among HIV-infected patients

Iranian Journal of Microbiology ◽

10.18502/ijm.v12i2.2621 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Elham Zayedi ◽

Manoochehr Makvandi ◽

Ali Teimoori ◽

Ali Reza Samarbaf-Zadeh ◽

Shokouh Ghafari ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hepatitis C Virus ◽

Hepatitis C ◽

Drug User ◽

Elisa Test ◽

Hcv Rna ◽

Hiv Patients ◽

Hcv Genotypes ◽

Pcr Products ◽

Injecting Drug User ◽

Sera Samples

Background and Objectives: Hepatitis C virus and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) share the same rate of transmis- sion. HIV/HCV co-infected individuals may result in faster progression of liver fibrosis and highly increase the risk of cir- rhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma development. Thus this study was conducted to determine co-infection of HCV genotypes in positive HIV patients in Ahvaz city, Iran. Materials and Methods: The sera samples were collected from confirmed 78 infected HIV, 67 (85.89%) males and 11 (14.1%) females. All sera samples were tested for HCV Ab using ELISA test. The HCV Ab positive samples were tested for detection of 5' untranslated (UTR) and core regions of HCV genome using nested RT-PCR. The PCR products of 5UTR and core regions were sequenced to determine HCV genotypes. Results: Among the 78 infected HIV, 25 (32.05%) cases including 20 (25.64%) males and 5 (6.41%) females were positive for HCV Ab (p=0.316). 53 (67.94%) of HIV patients were negative for HCV Ab. Among 25 positive HCV Ab, 19 (24.35%) cases including 15 (19.23%) males and 4 (5.12%) females were positive for HCV RNA (p=0.447). The PCR products of 5 positive samples were randomly sequenced. The results of sequences and alignments showed that the detected HCV geno- types were three 3a and two 1a. The occurrence of genotype HCV 1a was found in one male injecting drug user Injecting Drug User (IDU) and one female. The HCV 3a genotype was detected in the three males IDU. Conclusion: The results of this survey indicated that 32.05% of HIV patients were positive for HCV Ab, among them 24.35% were positive HCV RNA. HCV genotype 3a was dominant and detected in the three males IDU. Regarding the consequences of HIV/HCV co-infection, it is suggested that HCV RNA detection should be regularly checked in individuals infected with HIV.

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