Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 in six districts in Zambia in July, 2020: a cross-sectional cluster sample survey

The number of people with rheumatism worldwide has reached 355 million, and this is estimated by 2025, suggesting that more than 25% will experience paralysis. This study aims to determine obesity and other factors related to the increased risk of rheumatic diseases in Indonesia, the method used was data analysis using a complex sample survey. It used 2014 IFLS data and a cross sectional study design, as well as a multistage random sampling with a total of 29,106 respondents, and the results showed that the prevalence of rheumatic disease in Indonesia was 5.2% in 2014. The most dominant and unmodifiable variable that influenced incidence was gender (PR=1.686; 95% CI=1.488-1.910). Meanwhile, obesity is the most dominant and modifying variable that influences the incidence of rheumatic disease (PR=1.630; 95% CI=1.433-1.855). Factors that are simultaneously related to the increased risk of rheumatic diseases include age, gender, education, physical activity, protein consumption, obesity, and accident history. Considering the results, patients need to eat healthy and low purine foods, as well as implementing other healthy lifestyles such as appropriate, adequate, and regular physical activities in order to reduce the risk of rheumatism.

Download Full-text

Self-rated health in Brazilian adults and elderly: Data from the National Household Sample Survey 2008

Salud Pública de México ◽

10.21149/spm.v56i6.7386 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 56 (6) ◽

pp. 603 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Doroteia Aparecida Höfelmann ◽

Leila Posenato Garcia ◽

Lúcia Rolim Santana de Freitas

Keyword(s):

Chronic Diseases ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sample Survey ◽

Physical Impairment ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Household Level ◽

Self Rated Health ◽

Piped Water ◽

Health Related

Objective. To investigate prevalence of poor self-rated health and its association with individual and household-level characteristics among adults and elderly in Brazil. Materials and methods. Cross-sectional study with Brazilian National Household Sample Survey 2008 (n=257 816). Crude and multilevel-adjusted Poisson regression models were fitted. Results. After adjusted analysis, poor self-rated health was significantly associated with higher household income, living alone, not having piped water nor garbage collection, lower education, not having health insurance, female sex, higher age, being a current or previous smoker, physical inactivity, having chronic diseases, having physical impairment. Subjects living in rural areas also had higher prevalence of poor selfrated health. The factors most strongly associated with the outcome were physical impairment and reporting three or more chronic diseases. Conclusions. Socioeconomic, health related behaviors, and physical health were associated with poor self-rated health.

Download Full-text

Mortality before and after the 2003 invasion of Iraq: cluster sample survey

The Lancet ◽

10.1016/s0140-6736(04)17441-2 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 364 (9448) ◽

pp. 1857-1864 ◽

Cited By ~ 217

Author(s):

Les Roberts ◽

Riyadh Lafta ◽

Richard Garfield ◽

Jamal Khudhairi ◽

Gilbert Burnham

Keyword(s):

Sample Survey ◽

Cluster Sample ◽

Before And After ◽

Invasion Of Iraq

Download Full-text

Do female sex workers have lower uptake of HIV treatment services than non-sex workers? A cross-sectional study from east Zimbabwe

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2017-018751 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. e018751 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Rebecca Rhead ◽

Jocelyn Elmes ◽

Eloghene Otobo ◽

Kundai Nhongo ◽

Albert Takaruza ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sex Workers ◽

Female Sex Workers ◽

Household Survey ◽

Hiv Treatment ◽

Sample Survey ◽

Physical And Mental Health ◽

Hiv Knowledge ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Female Sex ◽

Treatment Services

ObjectiveGlobally, HIV disproportionately affects female sex workers (FSWs) yet HIV treatment coverage is suboptimal. To improve uptake of HIV services by FSWs, it is important to identify potential inequalities in access and use of care and their determinants. Our aim is to investigate HIV treatment cascades for FSWs and non-sex workers (NSWs) in Manicaland province, Zimbabwe, and to examine the socio-demographic characteristics and intermediate determinants that might explain differences in service uptake.MethodsData from a household survey conducted in 2009–2011 and a parallel snowball sample survey of FSWs were matched using probability methods to reduce under-reporting of FSWs. HIV treatment cascades were constructed and compared for FSWs (n=174) and NSWs (n=2555). Determinants of service uptake were identified a priori in a theoretical framework and tested using logistic regression.ResultsHIV prevalence was higher in FSWs than in NSWs (52.6% vs 19.8%; age-adjusted OR (AOR) 4.0; 95% CI 2.9 to 5.5). In HIV-positive women, FSWs were more likely to have been diagnosed (58.2% vs 42.6%; AOR 1.62; 1.02–2.59) and HIV-diagnosed FSWs were more likely to initiate ART (84.9% vs 64.0%; AOR 2.33; 1.03–5.28). No difference was found for antiretroviral treatment (ART) adherence (91.1% vs 90.5%; P=0.9). FSWs’ greater uptake of HIV treatment services became non-significant after adjusting for intermediate factors including HIV knowledge and risk perception, travel time to services, physical and mental health, and recent pregnancy.ConclusionFSWs are more likely to take up testing and treatment services and were closer to achieving optimal outcomes along the cascade compared with NSWs. However, ART coverage was low in all women at the time of the survey. FSWs’ need for, knowledge of and proximity to HIV testing and treatment facilities appear to increase uptake.

Download Full-text

Prevalence and types of sexual inactivity in Britain: analyses of national cross-sectional probability survey data

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2019-030708 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (10) ◽

pp. e030708 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Peter Ueda ◽

Catherine H Mercer

Keyword(s):

Survey Data ◽

Sexual Experience ◽

Early Adulthood ◽

Well Being ◽

Anal Intercourse ◽

Sample Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Sample Survey Data ◽

And Gender ◽

The Life Course

ObjectivesTo examine how prevalence and context of sexual inactivity varies across the life-course, assess dissatisfaction with sex life among those who are sexually inactive and identify associations with factors that may represent reasons for sexual inactivity.DesignAnalysis of cross-sectional probability sample survey data.SettingBritish general population.Participants14 623 participants (n men: 6045 unweighted, 7245 weighted), aged 16–74 years, of the third National Survey of Sexual Attitudes and Lifestyles (Natsal-3), undertaken in 2010–2012.Main outcome measuresSexual inactivity, defined as not reporting oral, vaginal or anal intercourse in the past year and further categorised into those who were sexually inexperienced (had never had sex), single or in a relationship.ResultsOverall, 15.9% (weighted n 1155/7245) of men and 22.2% (1646/7410) of women were sexually inactive (p<0.001). The proportion of sexually inactive individuals who were sexually inexperienced was larger among men than women (26.3% (304/1155) vs 16.3% (268/1646)), while the proportion who were singles was larger among women (49.8% (820/1646) vs 40.4% (467/1155)). Sexual inexperience was the most common type of sexual inactivity in early adulthood, with this declining with age. A minority of those who had sexual experience but were sexually inactive—34.8% (293/842) of men and 23.6% (319/1349) of women—reported being dissatisfied with their sex lives. Associations with sexual inactivity was observed for a range of sociodemographics and sexual behaviours/attitudes, for example, religion, ethnicity, Body mass index, height, employment status and index of multiple deprivation; these associations varied by type of sexual inactivity and gender.ConclusionsWhile sex is important for well-being, a non-negligible proportion of the population at all ages are sexually inactive, yet many are not dissatisfied with their situation, with implications for sex and relationship counselling.

Download Full-text