A Cross-Sectional, Randomized Cluster Sample Survey of Household Vulnerability to Extreme Heat among Slum Dwellers in Ahmedabad, India

Extreme heat and heat waves have been established as disasters which can lead to a great loss of life. Several studies over the years, both within and outside of India, have shown how extreme heat events lead to an overall increase in mortality. However, the impact of extreme heat, similar to other disasters, depends upon the vulnerability of the population. This study aims to assess the extreme heat vulnerability of the population of four cities with different characteristics across India. This cross-sectional study included 500 households from each city across the urban localities (both slum and non-slum) of Ongole in Andhra Pradesh, Karimnagar in Telangana, Kolkata in West Bengal and Angul in Odisha. Twenty-one indicators were used to construct a household vulnerability index to understand the vulnerability of the cities. The results have shown that the majority of the households fell under moderate to high vulnerability level across all the cities. Angul and Kolkata were found to be more highly vulnerable as compared to Ongole and Karimnagar. Further analysis also revealed that household vulnerability is more significantly related to adaptive capacity than sensitivity and exposure. Heat Vulnerability Index can help in identifying the vulnerable population and scaling up adaptive practices.

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The Polls--Review: Methodological Review of "Mortality After the 2003 Invasion of Iraq: A Cross-Sectional Cluster Sample Survey"

Public Opinion Quarterly ◽

10.1093/poq/nfn009 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 72 (2) ◽

pp. 345-363 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

D. A. Marker

Keyword(s):

Sample Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Methodological Review ◽

Cluster Sample ◽

Invasion Of Iraq

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Interdisciplinary approaches to global health: A cross-sectional cluster sample survey examining health risks at the human–animal interface in Madagascar

Annals of Global Health ◽

10.1016/j.aogh.2014.08.202 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 80 (3) ◽

pp. 238

Author(s):

C. Rist ◽

E. Headrick ◽

S. Zohdy ◽

P. Wright ◽

T. Gillespie

Keyword(s):

Global Health ◽

Health Risks ◽

Sample Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Cluster Sample ◽

Interdisciplinary Approaches ◽

Human Animal

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Knowledge and Practice of Personal Hygiene and Sanitation: A Study in Selected Slums of Dhaka City

Delta Medical College Journal ◽

10.3329/dmcj.v3i2.24425 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 68-73 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Shayela Farah ◽

Mohoshina Karim ◽

Nasreen Akther ◽

Meherunnessa Begum ◽

Nadia Begum

Keyword(s):

Health Care Providers ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Urban Slum ◽

Personal Hygiene ◽

Dhaka City ◽

Care Providers ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Slum Dwellers ◽

Knowledge And Practice

Background: : Slum dwellers are likely to be among the most deprived people in urban areas. Poor hygiene practices and inadequate sanitary conditions play major roles in the increased burden of communicable diseases within developing countries like ours.Objective: To assess the knowledge and practice about personal hygiene and environmental sanitation in selected slums of Dhaka city.Materials and method: This cross sectional study was conducted in purposively selected urban slum areas of Moghbazar slum, Bashabo slum and T&T slum of Dhaka city during February 2014 to April 2014. Convenient sampling technique was applied. Semi-structured pre-tested questionnaire was used and face to face interview was conducted. Total 475 subjects, irrespective of age and sex, were included in this study.Results: Out of 475 respondents, more than fifty percent slum dwellers resided in tin shaded room while 21.7% in kacha houses. Sixty six percent of the respondents used to drink water from tube-well and 24% used supplied water provided by the city corporation. The study revealed that near 59% of the respondents used sanitary latrine. About 67% slum dwellers regularly practiced hand washing before taking meal and 59.2% respondents used soap after defecation. About fifty percent respondents brushed their teeth regularly with tooth paste. Regarding personal cleanliness, 81% subjects took bath regularly while 78% washed clothes irregularly. A statistically significant relation was found between washing of hands before meal (p=0.001), washing of hands after defecation (p=0.02), tooth brushing (p=0.001), bathing (p=0.009), washing of cloths (p=0.001), use of footwear (p=0.63) with knowledge of personal hygiene of the slum dwellers.Conclusion: Continuous community hygiene education along with adequate access to water supply and sanitation improves hygiene behaviour and policy makers and health care providers should have definite strategy and implementation.Delta Med Col J. Jul 2015; 3(2): 68-73

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The Effect of Obesity and Other Factors towards On the Increased Risk of Rheumatism in Indonesia (Analysis of IFLS 2014)

Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat ◽

10.26553/jikm.2021.12.1.77-87 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 77-87

Author(s):

Nuraini Nuraini ◽

Amrina Rosyada

Keyword(s):

Rheumatic Disease ◽

Rheumatic Diseases ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sample Survey ◽

Healthy Lifestyles ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Gender Education ◽

Complex Sample

The number of people with rheumatism worldwide has reached 355 million, and this is estimated by 2025, suggesting that more than 25% will experience paralysis. This study aims to determine obesity and other factors related to the increased risk of rheumatic diseases in Indonesia, the method used was data analysis using a complex sample survey. It used 2014 IFLS data and a cross sectional study design, as well as a multistage random sampling with a total of 29,106 respondents, and the results showed that the prevalence of rheumatic disease in Indonesia was 5.2% in 2014. The most dominant and unmodifiable variable that influenced incidence was gender (PR=1.686; 95% CI=1.488-1.910). Meanwhile, obesity is the most dominant and modifying variable that influences the incidence of rheumatic disease (PR=1.630; 95% CI=1.433-1.855). Factors that are simultaneously related to the increased risk of rheumatic diseases include age, gender, education, physical activity, protein consumption, obesity, and accident history. Considering the results, patients need to eat healthy and low purine foods, as well as implementing other healthy lifestyles such as appropriate, adequate, and regular physical activities in order to reduce the risk of rheumatism.

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Self-rated health in Brazilian adults and elderly: Data from the National Household Sample Survey 2008

Salud Pública de México ◽

10.21149/spm.v56i6.7386 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 56 (6) ◽

pp. 603 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Doroteia Aparecida Höfelmann ◽

Leila Posenato Garcia ◽

Lúcia Rolim Santana de Freitas

Keyword(s):

Chronic Diseases ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sample Survey ◽

Physical Impairment ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Household Level ◽

Self Rated Health ◽

Piped Water ◽

Health Related

Objective. To investigate prevalence of poor self-rated health and its association with individual and household-level characteristics among adults and elderly in Brazil. Materials and methods. Cross-sectional study with Brazilian National Household Sample Survey 2008 (n=257 816). Crude and multilevel-adjusted Poisson regression models were fitted. Results. After adjusted analysis, poor self-rated health was significantly associated with higher household income, living alone, not having piped water nor garbage collection, lower education, not having health insurance, female sex, higher age, being a current or previous smoker, physical inactivity, having chronic diseases, having physical impairment. Subjects living in rural areas also had higher prevalence of poor selfrated health. The factors most strongly associated with the outcome were physical impairment and reporting three or more chronic diseases. Conclusions. Socioeconomic, health related behaviors, and physical health were associated with poor self-rated health.

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