Constitutional Protection of Human Rights in Latin America

Author(s):  
Allan R. Brewer-Carías
2014 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 197-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristiane de Andrade Lucena Carneiro

This article addresses the consequences of economic sanctions for the protection of human rights in Latin America. The literature on sanctions and compliance informs three hypotheses, which investigate the relationship between sanctions and the level of rights protection in two groups of countries: those that were targeted by sanctions and those that were not. Using data from the Political Terror Scale (PTS) and from Freedom House, I find empirical evidence that sanctions do improve the level of protection in countries that were not targeted. This finding can be explained by the deterrent effect attributed to sanctions by the compliance literature, broadly interpreted. The presence of economic sanctions in a given year increases the probability of observing better human rights practices by almost 50%. These results hold for the 12 Latin American countries that were not subject to economic sanctions for the period 1976-2004.


2019 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-155
Author(s):  
Eduardo Biacchi Gomes ◽  
Ane Elise Brandalise Gonçalves

O presente artigo tem por fim analisar, sob a ótica do descolonialismo, os avanços da legislação brasileira em relação aos critérios para concessão do asilo. Para tanto, parte-se do próprio conceito de descolonialismo e a sua aplicabilidade dentro do contexto atual para construção dos Direitos Humanos na América Latina, de forma a cotejar com a nova legislação brasileira em relação aos critérios para fins de concessão de asilo e de refúgio. Por fim, de forma a demonstrar a importância do tema frente ao Sistema Interamericano de Proteção aos Direitos Humanos, questionar-se-á quanto a possibilidade de referidos temas serem analisados por parte da Corte Interamericana de Direitos Humanos (Corte IDH). Abstract: The purpose of this article is to analyze, from the point of view of decolonialism, the advances of Brazilian legislation in relation to the criteria for granting asylum. In order to do so, it is based on the very concept of decolonialism and its applicability within the current context for the construction of Human Rights in Latin America, in order to compare with the new Brazilian legislation in relation to the criteria for granting asylum and refuge. Finally, in order to demonstrate the importance of the issue in the Inter-American System for the Protection of Human Rights, it will be questioned whether the above-mentioned issues can be analyzed by the Inter-American Court of Human Rights.


2020 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 46-50
Author(s):  
Vladislav G. Romanovskiy ◽  

The article considers profiling the identity of the offender as a method of countering terrorist threats. Profiling a terrorist is of particular value for achieving a prognostic function — identifying a person prone to committing a terrorist crime. At the same time, it is based on the collection of personal data of almost every citizen of the country, which carries significant discriminatory risks and contributes to serious restrictions on human rights. Such activities require the establishment of special public control.


Author(s):  
Manisuli Ssenyonjo

This chapter considers the influence of the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights in Africa. It seeks to show how the Covenant as interpreted by the UN Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights has, through the fifty years since its adoption, influenced the regional and domestic protection of economic, social and cultural rights (ESCR) in Africa. The chapter begins by considering the influence of the Covenant on the regional protection of human rights in Africa, followed by an analysis of the influence of the Covenant on the protection of ESCR in the domestic legal systems of African States, focusing primarily on the constitutional protection of ESCR. It then considers the limited influence of the Covenant on national courts’ jurisprudence in African States that apply dualist and monist approaches to international treaties. The chapter ends by making recommendations to maximize the future influence of the Covenant.


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