scholarly journals 3163 A Systematic Review of Research Competency Assessments for Clinical Researchers

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (s1) ◽  
pp. 62-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phillip A Ianni ◽  
Elias M. Samuels ◽  
Brenda Eakin ◽  
Thomas E Perorazio
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Clinical Research ◽  
Peer Review ◽  
Clinical Skills ◽  
Research Training ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Validation Methods ◽  
Search Terms ◽  
Research Competency ◽  
Competency Assessments

OBJECTIVES/SPECIFIC AIMS: The purpose of this study was to summarize the existing literature on clinical research competencies and determine what competency assessments currently exist. We also wished to assess which competencies should be included in a research competency assessment tool and to evaluate the validity of current competency assessments. We also examined whether these competency assessments can be used for the purposes of formative and summative evaluation. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Prior to conducting our search of the literature, we first compiled a list of search terms (e.g., clinical, research, training, competencies) that could be used to locate articles. We then entered these search terms, in various combinations, on several relevant databases. We evaluated abstracts of the articles revealed by this search to determine whether they met three criteria. The first criterion was that the subjects of the article must be clinical investigators or clinical investigators in training. Relevant disciplines included medicine, public health, nursing, pharmacy, dentistry, and other related fields. The second criterion was that articles should focus on research-based (as opposed to clinical) skills. The last criterion was that research-based competencies (or related terms like skills, abilities, mastery, knowledge) must be assessed in some way. If the abstract suggested that the article met all three criteria, the full article was retrieved and analyzed in-depth. To identify articles that eluded literature search, we then examined the reference section of these articles and examined articles that cited these articles. When no additional articles could be located, the search for articles stopped. Once a pool of potentially eligible articles was identified, the articles underwent peer review by several researchers experienced with clinical research and competency-based education and assessment. Articles that were unanimously judged to meet the criteria were included in the systematic review. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Approximately 75 articles were selected and reviewed for eligibility. After peer review, we found that only a small fraction of these articles met our criteria for inclusion in the systematic literature review. Our preliminary findings suggest that there are few assessments of clinical research competency and that many of these assessments are poorly validated. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: The findings of the present study suggest that the validation methods used thus far are limited and so the validity of many of these assessments is effectively unproven. Future research on assessments of clinical research competency ought to address these limitations by sampling clinical researchers, using more rigorous validation methods, and by confirming hypothesized factor structures in new samples. The use of better-validated instruments may enhance measurement of trainees’ knowledge and skill levels for the purposes of formative and summative assessment.

scholarly journals Protocol for a systematic review on the experience of informal caregivers for people with a moderate to advanced dementia within a domestic home setting

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles James ◽  
Catherine Walshe ◽  
Katherine Froggatt
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Informal Caregivers ◽  
Informal Caregiving ◽  
Bibliographic Databases ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Advanced Dementia ◽  
Home Setting ◽  
Search Terms

Abstract Background The knowledge about the experience of informal caregivers who provide care to people with moderate to advanced dementia in a domestic home setting is limited. A consequence of long hours of caregiving in addition to dealing with normal challenges of daily living is their experience of a poor quality of life. Some of their experiences may be described in terms of a feeling of powerlessness to make changes during care provision. This feeling may also suggest an experience of moral distress. The aim of this systematic review is to synthesise qualitative evidence relating to these experiences. Methods This review adopts a narrative synthesis approach. A search will be conducted for studies written in the English language in the bibliographic databases MEDLINE Complete, CINAHL, EMBASE, PsycINFO, Web of Science and Academic Search Complete covering periods from 1984 to present. Included studies will be qualitative or mixed-methods designs. The search terms will be related to dementia and caregivers, and the process will be focused on dementia at the moderate to the advanced stages within the domestic home setting. Reference lists of included papers will also be searched for additional relevant citations. Search terms and strategies will be checked by two independent reviewers. The identification of abstracts and full texts of studies will be done by the author, while the quality and the risk of bias will also be checked by the two independent reviewers. Discussion Psychological distress is cited as an experience reported within informal caregiving. For the caregiver, it is associated with a negative impact on general health. To date, no synthesis exists on the specific experience of informal caregiving for people with moderate to advanced dementia within the domestic home setting. This review considers that variation of accounts contributes to how the informal caregivers’ general experience is explored in future research. This may enable gaps in current knowledge to be highlighted within the wider context of caregiving in the domestic home setting. Systematic review registration This review is registered with PROSPERO (CRD42020183649).

scholarly journals THU0528 NAILFOLD VIDEOCAPILLAROSCOPY REPORTING IN CLINICAL RESEARCH: INTERNATIONAL DELPHI BASED CONSENSUS

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 503.1-504
Author(s):  
F. Ingegnoli ◽  
T. Schioppo ◽  
A. Herrick ◽  
A. Sulli ◽  
F. Bartoli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Clinical Research ◽  
Rheumatic Diseases ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Invasive Technique ◽  
Delphi Consensus ◽  
Research Support ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Research Studies

Background:Nailfold capillaroscopy (NVC), a non-invasive technique to assess microcirculation, is increasingly being incorporated into rheumatology routine clinical practice. Currently, the degree of description of NVC methods varies amongst research studies, making interpretation and comparison between studies challenging. In this field, an unmet need is the standardization of items to be reported in research studies using NVC.Objectives:To perform a Delphi consensus on minimum reporting standards in methodology for clinical research, based on the items derived from a systematic review focused on this topic.Methods:The systematic review of the literature on NVC methodology relating to rheumatic diseases was performed according to PRISMA guidelines (PROSPERO CRD42018104660) to July 22nd2018 using MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus. Then, a three-step web-based Delphi consensus was performed in between members of the EULAR study group on microcirculation in rheumatic diseases and the Scleroderma Clinical Trials Consortium. Participants were asked to rate each item from 1 (not appropriate) to 9 (completely appropriate).Results:In total, 3491 references were retrieved in the initial search strategy, 2862 were excluded as duplicates or after title/abstract screening. 632 articles were retrieved for full paper review of which 319 fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Regarding patient preparation before the exam, data were scarce: 38% reported acclimatization, 5% to avoid caffeine and smoking, 3% to wash hands and 2% to avoid manicure. Concerning the device description: 90% reported type of instrument, 77% brand/model, 72% magnification, 46% oil use, 40% room temperature and 35% software for image analysis. As regards to examination details: 76% which fingers examined, 75% number of fingers examined, 15% operator experience, 13% reason for finger exclusion, 9% number of images, 8% quality check of the images and 3% time spent for the exam. Then, a three-round Delphi consensus on the selected items was completed by 80 participants internationally, from 31 countries located in Australia, Asia, Europe, North and South America. Some items reached the agreement at the second round (85 participants), and other items were suggested as important to consider in a future research agenda (e.g. temperature for acclimatization, the impact of smoking, allergies at the application of the oil to the nailbed, significance of pericapillary edema, methods of reporting hemorrhages, ramified and giant capillaries). The final agreement results are reported below:Conclusion:On the basis of the available literature the description of NVC methods was highly heterogeneous and individual published studies differed markedly. These practical suggestions developed using a Delphi process among international participants provide a guidance to improve and to standardize the NVC methodology in future clinical research studies.Disclosure of Interests:Francesca Ingegnoli: None declared, Tommaso Schioppo: None declared, Ariane Herrick: None declared, Alberto Sulli Grant/research support from: Laboratori Baldacci, Francesca Bartoli: None declared, Nicola Ughi: None declared, John Pauling: None declared, Maurizio Cutolo Grant/research support from: Bristol-Myers Squibb, Actelion, Celgene, Consultant of: Bristol-Myers Squibb, Speakers bureau: Sigma-Alpha, Vanessa Smith Grant/research support from: The affiliated company received grants from Research Foundation - Flanders (FWO), Belgian Fund for Scientific Research in Rheumatic diseases (FWRO), Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co and Janssen-Cilag NV, Consultant of: Boehringer-Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co, Speakers bureau: Actelion Pharmaceuticals Ltd, Boehringer-Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co and UCB Biopharma Sprl

scholarly journals Musculoskeletal Injury Profile of Circus Artists: A Systematic Review of the Literature

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
HEG Wolfenden ◽  
M Angioi
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
English Language ◽  
Injury Rate ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Search Terms ◽  
Preventative Intervention ◽  
Item Checklist ◽  
Preventative Interventions ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Injury Definition

BACKGROUND: The circus arts involve a high degree of acrobatic, athletic, and aesthetic ability with extreme physical demands placed on performers. An understanding of the injury profile is required to guide prevention. AIM: To provide the first systematic review to enhance understanding of circus-related injuries and to provide a foundation for future preventative intervention. METHODS: MEDLINE, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched from conception to March 2016 using key search terms relating to circus artists and injury. Studies were limited to English-language human studies and included all levels and ages of circus artists. Risk of bias was assessed using a novel seven-item checklist based on the STROBE statement. RESULTS: Eight studies of varying design, populations, outcomes, and quality were analysed. Results suggest that the injury rate is relatively low among professional circus artists at 7.37 to 9.27/1,000 artist exposures. The spine and ankle are frequently injured, and most injuries are to soft tissue structures. In the professional setting, injuries appear minor, resulting in few treatments, few missed or altered performances, and a low risk of re-injury. CONCLUSIONS: The spine and ankle should be targeted for preventative interventions in circus artists due to their high frequency of injury. The heterogeneity of studies included in this review highlights the need for consistency within future research, particularly in terms of injury definition and outcome measurements.

Explanatory Theories of Intimate Partner Homicide Perpetration: A Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
pp. 152483802095380
Author(s):  
Laurie M. Graham ◽  
Rebecca J. Macy ◽  
Cynthia F. Rizo ◽  
Sandra L. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Ecological Model ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Intimate Partner Homicide ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Search Terms ◽  
Social Ecological ◽  
Theoretical Perspectives ◽  
The Social

Theories play an important role in guiding intimate partner homicide (IPH) prevention research and practice. This study is the first systematic review of theories employed to explain why someone might kill their intimate partner. This review used rigorous methods to locate and synthesize literature that described explanatory theories of IPH perpetration. Using set search terms, we systematically searched 15 databases and repositories for theory-focused documents (i.e., theory papers or analyses) published in English from 2003 to 2018. Eighteen documents met these inclusion criteria and identified 22 individual theories that seek to explain why people might kill their intimate partners. These theories fell within four broader theoretical perspectives: feminist, evolutionary, sociological/criminological, and combined. Key tenets and focal populations of these 22 theories were identified and organized into a compendium of explanatory theories of IPH perpetration. Potential strengths and limitations of each of the four perspectives were described. Review findings underscored the likely importance of addressing gender as well as risk and protective factors at all levels of the social ecological model in efforts to understand IPH perpetration. The review findings highlighted the need for both integrated theories and a broader conceptual organizing framework to guide work aimed at IPH perpetration prevention to leverage the strengths of disparate theoretical perspectives. With the goal of informing future research, a preliminary iteration of such a framework is presented.

Assistive Technology for Literacy in Students With Physical Disabilities: A Systematic Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 284-292
Author(s):  
Donna W. Stauter ◽  
Judy Prehn ◽  
Megan Peters ◽  
Lynn M. Jeffries ◽  
Lorraine Sylvester ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Assistive Technology ◽  
Reading Skills ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Physical Disabilities ◽  
Review Literature ◽  
Literacy Skills ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Statistical Data Analysis ◽  
Search Terms

The purpose of this study was to systematically review literature on assistive technology (AT) used to develop literacy skills in students with physical disabilities. Primary databases were searched using search terms AT, disability, and literacy. Eight studies were eligible for inclusion. Six studies reported positive change to literacy components with AT support, and two reported a statistically significant change. Evidence offers support for AT in developing reading skills in this population. Future research could include reliable outcome measures, a classification system for participants’ disabilities, increased rigor of research design, and statistical data analysis.

scholarly journals Protocol for a systematic review on the experience of informal caregivers for people with a moderate to advanced dementia within a domestic home setting

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles James ◽  
Catherine Walshe ◽  
Katherine Froggatt
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Informal Caregivers ◽  
Informal Caregiving ◽  
Bibliographic Databases ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Advanced Dementia ◽  
Home Setting ◽  
Search Terms

Abstract BackgroundThe knowledge about the experience of informal caregivers who provide care to people with moderate to advanced dementia in a domestic home setting is limited. A consequence of long hours of caregiving in addition to dealing with normal challenges of daily living is their experience of a poor quality of life. Some of their experiences may be described in terms of a feeling of powerlessness to make changes during care provision. This feeling may also suggest an experience of moral distress. The aim of this systematic review is to synthesise qualitative evidence relating to these experiences.MethodsThis review adopts a narrative synthesis approach. A search will be conducted for studies written in English language in the bibliographic databases MEDLINE Complete, CINAHL, EMBASE, PsycINFO, Web of Science, and Academic Search Complete covering periods from 1984 to present. Included studies will be qualitative or mixed method designs. The search terms will be related to dementia and caregivers, and the process will be focused on dementia at the moderate to the advanced stages within the domestic home-setting. Reference lists of included papers will also be searched for additional relevant citations. Search terms and strategy will be checked by two independent reviewers. The identification of abstracts and full texts of studies will be done by the author, while the quality and the risk of bias will also be checked by the two independent reviewers.DiscussionPsychological distress is cited as an experience reported within informal caregiving. For the caregiver, it is associated with a negative impact on general health. To date, no synthesis exists on the specific experience of informal caregiving for people with moderate to advanced dementia within the domestic home setting. This review considers that variation of accounts contributes to how the informal caregivers’ general experience is explored in future research. This may enable gaps in current knowledge to be highlighted within the wider context of caregiving in the domestic home setting.Systematic review registrationThis review was registered and published online in the PROSPERO database of systematic reviews (www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO registration number: #CRD42020183649).

scholarly journals Guidelines for Evaluating Clinical Research Training using Competency Assessments

MedEdPublish ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elias Samuels ◽  
Phillip Anton Ianni ◽  
Haejung Chung ◽  
Brenda Eakin ◽  
Camille Martina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Research ◽  
Research Training ◽  
Competency Assessments

Building maintenance practices in Malaysia: a systematic review of issues, effects and the way forward

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 653-672 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Hauashdh ◽  
Junaidah Jailani ◽  
Ismail Abdul Rahman ◽  
Najib AL-fadhali
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Conceptual Model ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Capability Development ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Building Maintenance ◽  
Search Terms ◽  
Technical Capability ◽  
Comprehensive Study ◽  
The Way

PurposeIn recent years, there have been many concerns about issues surrounding building maintenance, which are continually increasing. However, there is a lack of comprehensive studies on building maintenance issues, their effects and the way forward. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to carry out a comprehensive review of building maintenance issues, their effects and the way forward. It also aims to develop a conceptual model that can support future research.Design/methodology/approachA systematic review of the literature published from 2009 to 2019 was carried out. Five relevant databases were searched, based on this study's search terms, and a narrative synthesis of the results from the included studies was carried out. Studies were eligible for inclusion if they fulfilled the inclusion criteria of this systematic review.FindingsThis study has identified and classified building maintenance issues, their effects and the way forward, and also developed a conceptual model that demonstrates the association between issues, their effects and the way forward. The way forward of the conceptual model focuses on effective management, technical capability, development of human resources and cost optimisation.Originality/valueThis paper addresses an important topic: the aspect in which it differs from existing studies is that, in the latter, the researchers studied a single sub-issue, whereas this systematic review includes a comprehensive study of building maintenance issues. Furthermore, this review has demonstrated how the way forward can moderate issues and their effects.

scholarly journals Guidelines for Evaluating Clinical Research Training using Competency Assessments [Version 2]

MedEdPublish ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elias Samuels ◽  
Phillip Anton Ianni ◽  
Haejung Chung ◽  
Brenda Eakin ◽  
Camille Martina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Research ◽  
Research Training ◽  
Competency Assessments

scholarly journals E-learning in health professions education during the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
Aziz Naciri ◽  
Mohamed Radid ◽  
Ahmed Kharbach ◽  
Ghizlane Chemsi
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Clinical Skills ◽  
Health Professions ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Traditional Teaching ◽  
Pedagogical Design ◽  
Motivation And Engagement ◽  
E Learning ◽  
Internet Connections ◽  
Meta Analyses

As an alternative to traditional teaching, e-learning has enabled continuity of learning for health professions students during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. This review explored health professions students; perceptions, acceptance, motivation, and engagement with e-learning during the COVID-19 pandemic. Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, a systematic review was conducted by consulting 5 databases: PubMed, ERIC (Ebsco), Science Direct, Scopus, and Web of Science. The quality of the included studies was assessed using the Medical Education Research Study Quality Instrument. The research protocol was previously registered in the PROSPERO registry (CRD42021237055). From 250 studies identified, 15 were selected with a total of 111,622 students. Mostly positive perceptions were reported in 7 of 12 studies, which mainly focused on technology access, possession of basic computer skills, pedagogical design of online courses, online interactions, and learning flexibility. However, predominantly negative perceptions were identified in 5 of 12 studies, which pointed out constraints related to internet connections, the use of educational platforms, and acquisition of clinical skills. Satisfactory levels of acceptance of distance learning were reported in 3 of 4 studies. For student motivation and engagement, 1 study reported similar or higher motivation than with traditional teaching, and another study indicated that student engagement significantly increased during the COVID-19 pandemic. Health professions students showed a positive response to e-learning regarding perceptions, acceptance, motivation, and engagement. Future research is needed to remediate the lack of studies addressing health professions students’ motivation and engagement during the COVID-19 pandemic.

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